激光照射对脊髓损伤大鼠TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10表达的影响

应用Allen造模法制备大鼠急性脊髓损伤(SCI)模型,研究弱激光照射对损伤脊髓组织内肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)和白介素-10(IL-10)表达的影响。68只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、SCI组和照射组,照射组应用810nm弱激光经皮照射相应的脊髓损伤节段。分别于术后1d、3d和7d进行BBB评分;1h、3h、6h、12h、1d、3d、5d和7d取材,酶联免疫吸附检测(ELISA)法检测受损脊髓组织内TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10的表达情况。实验发现,照射后7d照射组大鼠BBB评分高于SCI组,且有统计学意义(P0.05);与SCI组相比,照射组受损脊髓组织内TNF-α和IL-6的表达量均降低,且在术后6h、12h、1d(TNF-α)和6h、12h、5d(IL-6)差异有统计学意义(P0.05);IL-10的表达量在各个时间点均增高,且在术后1d、3d、5d和7d差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结果表明弱激光照射能明显抑制脊髓损伤早期前炎症因子TNF-α和IL-6的表达,促进抑炎因子IL-10的表达,促进损伤后期大鼠运动功能的恢复。     

弱CO2激光、He-Ne激光复合照射创面的探讨

本文从激光工程技术角度讨论CO2激光、He-Ne激光复合照射治疗创面的几个问题。     

低能量激光照射对成骨细胞增殖中Hedgehog信号通路的作用

探讨低能量激光照射是否对体外培养的成骨细胞增殖过程中的hedgehog信号通路产生影响,揭示低能量激光照射促进骨形成的分子学机制,为其在口腔种植的临床应用提供理论依据。体外培养小鼠成骨样细胞系MC3T3-E1,用hedgehog信号通路增强剂N端hedgehog重组蛋白(N-Shh)、hedgehog信号通路抑制剂环巴胺对低能量激光照射后的MC3T3-E1进行干预,随机分为4组,采用细胞计数,MTS,流式细胞术检测照射后12,24,48,72h成骨细胞的增殖活性。结果显示,与激光照射组相比,激光照射+N-Shh组的细胞增殖活性明显增加,激光照射环巴胺组的细胞增殖活性明显降低,激光照射环巴胺组的细胞增殖活性仍高于对照组。研究发现低能量激光照射活化了成骨细胞增殖过程中的hedgehog信号通路,hedgehog信号通路是参与低能量激光照射调控成骨细胞增殖的通道之一。     

激光照射对脊髓后角痛敏神经元放电活动的影响

激光照射穴位具有一定的镇痛作用，这已在临床实践中获得广泛的证明，但是关于激光镇痛原理的研究报道较少。已有人证明激光照射体表对人脑诱发电位有一定压抑作用，也有人证明了激光照部位局部的镇痛作用，尚有报道激光照射对外周神经干上痛信息的传导影响不大。考虑到以上工作，我们认为激光照射穴位引起的镇痛及调整作用必然通过中枢神经系统而实现。     

半导体绿色激光穴位照射对大鼠神经损伤后神经再生的影响

周围神经损伤后提高神经功能恢复是临床治疗的目的.本实验利用大鼠坐骨神经钳夹损伤模型,用半导体绿色激光533nm(A组)、He-Ne激光632.8nm(B组)对穴位照射.观察对神经损伤后神经再生的影响.结果:(1)术后18d,A组可引出短潜伏期(45～150ms)及长潜伏期(125～525ms)神经传入纤维反应高于B组;(2)术后18d脊神经节的标记细胞百分率分别为12.9%(A组)、10.2%B(组).上述结果表明:半导体绿色激光在抑制神经损伤后促进周围神经再生等方面具有更显著的生理功效.     

He-Ne激光对急性脊髓损伤总NOS、iNOS和ET-1的影响

目的:研究低能量He-Ne激光血管内照射对家兔急性脊髓损伤后脊髓组织总NOS、iNOS和ET-1的变化,探讨He-Ne激光血管内照射对脊髓细胞的保护作用的机理。方法:72只新西兰大白兔随机分为治疗组、损伤组和对照组,每组24只。治疗组和损伤组分别用Allen's法造成家兔T13水平急性脊髓损伤。其中治疗组通过耳缘静脉进行低能量He-Ne激光血管内照射,激光波长632nm,功率5mW的,每天1小时,连续10天。疗程结束后取损伤部位脊髓以免疫组化方法检测总NOS、iNOS表达量,放射免疫法检测ET-1表达量。结果:损伤组明显高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组脊髓组织总NOS、iNOS和ET-1的表达明显少于损伤组(P<0.05)。结论:低能量He-Ne激光血管内照射治疗可以降低急性脊髓损伤后脊髓组织总NOS、iNOS和ET-1的量,说明He-Ne激光能够减轻损伤对神经细胞的损害,减轻神经功能丧失。     

低能量氦─氖激光静脉内照射血液综合治疗颅脑损伤

对２５例不同程度颅脑损伤患者进行低能量氦—氖激光静脉内照射血液综合治疗结果表明，低能量激光血管内照射血液（ＩＬＩＢ）具有显著疗效。作者还讨论了该疗法可能作用的机制。     

He-Ne激光穴位照射对颅脑损伤外周血循环和指温的影响

报道了He-Ne激光穴位照射对45例颅脑损伤患者微血管血流速度及指温的影响。结果表明,84％患者血流速度不同程度地加快;80％的指温上升。照射前后差别非常显著(P<0.01),而无光和非穴位照射后均无明显变化(P>0.05)。     

低能量激光鼻腔照射疗法的临床应用研究

通过鼻腔照射疗法对 6 8例脑梗患者进行疗效分析 ,经过三个疗程的治疗 ,总有效率达到 89.7%。此种疗法的明显优势 :不需要静脉穿刺 ,鼻腔照射疗法为低能量激光的应用提供了一个有效的途径     

低强度激光照射对离体人红细胞的影响

通过对低强度激光照射离体人红细胞后的生物物理学指标分析,找出影响红细胞(RBC)生物特性的主要因素。以放置在4℃下48h的变形性下降的正常人血液为样品研究低强度激光对红细胞流变学特性的影响。取2mL标本分成相等两份,其中一份在2mW,4mW,8mW的功率下照射30min,另一份离心后取出红细胞放入等渗的PBS液中用同样的方法进行照射。照射后进行对比发现单照红细胞的样品的变形性、取向、膜流动性、微黏度、各向异性和渗透脆性比全血照射下的变化小。表明红细胞膜的生物放大效应对血液的流变学特性的影响是主要的。     

弱激光对神经细胞膜延迟整流钾通道电流特性的影响

利用波长650 nm,功率5 mW的半导体激光器照射急性分离的大鼠海马CA3区锥体神经细胞,应用全细胞膜片钳技术研究其延迟整流钾通道的电流特性。实验发现,弱激光对延迟整流钾电流IK有抑制作用,且抑制呈时间依赖性,5min激光抑制作用达到稳定,抑制百分比为34.54%±3.22%(统计样本数n=15);弱激光对IK的抑制作用还具有电压依赖性和可逆性,对照组、照射组和恢复组最大激活电流密度分别为429.78±41.40 pA/pF,283.26±39.62 pA/pF(n=10,t检验中P<0.01)和397.22±36.81 pA/pF(n=10,P>0.05);激光作用可显著地影响IK的激活过程,对照组和照射组半数激活电压分别为5.74±1.56 mV和20.98±8.85 mV(n=10,P<0.01),斜率因子分别为16.51±6.67 mV和17.44±5.19 mV(n=10,P>0.05)。结果表明,弱激光作用海马神经细胞可以改变其延迟整流钾通道特性,从而影响动作电位复极化过程,调节神经细胞的生理功能,有利于受损神经元的恢复和再生。     

低强度激光照射对视网膜谷氨酸受体表达的影响

目的: 探讨低强度激光致视网膜损伤效应的可能机制。方法: 建立氦氖激光的大鼠眼损伤模型, 通过免疫组化和原位杂交等方法, 观察低强度激光照射后视网膜细胞中谷氨酸受体(NMDAR)的表达变化。结果: 免疫组化和原位杂交的结果显示在正常视网膜组织未见或仅见有NMDAR的轻微表达, 而在激光照射后6 h其表达开始增加, 并于照后3 d达到高峰, 7 d后开始逐渐下降, 这与视网膜激光损伤后感光神经元的凋亡在时相上呈现出一致性。结论: 低强度激光照射后视网膜局部谷氨酸的过度释放及NMDAR受体的高表达可能是感光神经元损伤凋亡的重要机制。     

低能量He—Ne激光血管内照射对血脂的影响

应用低能量Ｈｅ—Ｎｅ激光血管内照射外周循环血液，结果显示：与对照组相比较，Ｔ—Ｇ差异显著（Ｐ＜０．００５），Ｔ—ｃｈ与ＨＤＬ—ｃｈ差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１—０．００５）．说明低能量Ｈｅ—Ｎｅ激光血管内照射，可遏制高脂血症及心脑血管病等的发生。     

Role of Trichocytic Keratins in Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects After Spinal Cord Injury

Shifting microglia/macrophages to M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype is considered a pivotal therapeutic target for spinal cord injury (SCI). Keratin extracted from human hair exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. However, the differences among the 17 types of human hair keratins and their mechanisms of anti-inflammation remain poorly understood. In this study, the anti-inflammatory activity of 17 human hair keratins using a recombinant synthesis approach is explored. Distinct activities of microglia/macrophage phenotype modulation of 17 keratins are found through qRT-PCR analysis, and recombinant keratin 33A (RK33A) and RK35 display superior anti-inflammatory efficiency compared to other keratins. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry reveals a significant effect of RK33A on the regulation of microglia/macrophages into an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Subsequently, recombinant keratin 33A nanofiber (RKNF33A) is fabricated to evaluate its in vivo anti-inflammatory and nerve regeneration properties using the rat T9 spinal cord lateral hemisection model. The optimized keratin-based nanofiber shows outstanding performance in enhancing M2 polarization, reducing glial scarring, promoting nerve regeneration, and improving locomotor function recovery in SCI rats. Moreover, it is preliminarily found that RK33A regulates M2 microglia/macrophage polarization by upregulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Together, this study reveals that trichocytic keratins exhibit distinct anti-inflammatory properties, providing a prospective treatment for SCI by modulating microglia/macrophage polarization.     

低功率CO2激光辐照对多层石墨烯结构的影响

在真空环境下使用不同功率密度的CO2激光对化学气相沉积法(CVD)生长的石墨烯进行辐照,通过研究辐照前后的拉曼光谱变化考察了激光功率密度及辐照时间对多层石墨烯结构的影响。结果表明,当功率密度较低(13W/cm2)时,石墨烯拉曼光谱中的D峰降低,2D峰增强,石墨烯内的掺杂、缺陷减少。随着功率密度的增加,石墨烯的缺陷增多,部分缺陷连接形成晶界,使石墨烯分解为纳米晶。在58 W/cm2的功率密度下,当作用时间为120s时,在石墨烯表面产生非晶碳。研究表明,适当参数的CO2激光辐照能改善石墨烯的内在性能。     

Injectable Collagen–Genipin Gel for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury: In Vitro Studies

Spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in a cavitary lesion, contained within the dura, which involves only a portion of the cord. Injectable biopolymers are an attractive treatment option for SCI to re‐establish cell migratory pathways within the lesion while minimizing the collateral damage attendant to an open surgical procedure. In this study we evaluate a thermoresponsive soluble collagen gel incorporating genipin, an amine reactive covalent cross‐linker with low cytotoxicity and fluorogenic attributes. Unlike previous studies, genipin is being investigated as an in situ covalent cross‐linker that will continue to act on the gel after injection. Physical characterization studies show that the addition of genipin provides control over the mechanical and degradative behavior of the gel, to meet design specifications of an injectable material for neural tissues. Additionally, an improved in situ assay to predict the extent of cross‐linking reaction is investigated. Encapsulation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in collagen–genipin gels show the gels support cell viability and proliferation, and thus serve as a cell delivery vehicle. Neural stem cells are found to be more sensitive to genipin, with respect to toxicity, as compared to MSCs. From our studies, 0.25‐0.5 mM is an appropriate genipin concentration to use for an in situ forming scaffold capable of delivering cells and therapeutic agents.     

低功率半导体激光血管外照射的临床应用研究

应用低功率半导体激光血管外照射对100例高脂血症、高粘血症、高血压等缺血性疾病进行治疗研究,经过四个疗程的治疗,总有效率达到92%。其全血粘度,血浆粘度,血小析聚积率,纤维蛋白原(FBG)和TC,CHOL,LDL等多项指标明显下降。并与药物治疗组对照,其疗效优于药物。指出此种疗法的明显优势:不需静脉穿刺,为临床血液流变学异常的治疗提供了一个有效的途径。     

Training Neural Stem Cells on Functional Collagen Scaffolds for Severe Spinal Cord Injury Repair

Neural stem cells (NSCs) transplantation is regarded as a promising therapeutic strategy to treat severe spinal cord injury (SCI) by compensating the neuronal loss. However, significant challenges including long‐term survival, directed neuronal differentiation, and functional integration of the transplanted NSCs and their progenies within the host spinal cord are yet to be solved. In this study, NSCs are trained on differently modified collagen scaffolds to increase their neuronal differentiation rate when cultured under the simulated SCI microenvironment. Then, a functional scaffold is screened out, on which the cultured NSCs show high neuronal differentiation rate and generate both sensory and motor mature neurons. Subsequently, that NSC seeded functional scaffold is transplanted into a rat severe SCI model. The results show that higher endogenous neurogenesis efficiency as well as in vivo survival and neuronal differentiation rate of the grafted NSCs are observed. Moreover, both sensory and motor neurons are found to be differentiated from the grafted NSCs in the lesion site and those newly generated neurons can functionally interact with each other and the host neurons. Taken together, the in vitro training systems for modulating the differentiation profiles of NSCs are instructive and exhibit strong potentials for SCI treatments.