Electron Acceleration and Bunch Generation by Intense Femtosecond Laser Pulse in Preplasma of a Target

We present analytical studies of electron acceleration in the low-density preplasma of a thin solid target by an intense femtosecond laser pulse. Electrons in the preplasma are trapped and accelerated by the ponderomotive force as well as the wake field. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations show that when the laser pulse is stopped by the target, electrons trapped in the laser pules can be extracted and move forward inertially. The energetic electron bunch in the bubble is unaffected by the reflected pulse and passes through the target with small energy spread and emittance. There is an optimal preplasma density for the generation of the monoenergetic electron bunch if a laser pulse is given. The maximum electron energy is inverse proportion to the preplasma density.     

Ion Acceleration in Laser-Plasma Interaction： Shock, Sheath, and Scaling

Some notes and comments on ion acceleration in laser-plasma interaction is given, in particular for the implication of shock, sheath and sealing. A simple model is proposed for ion acceleration by the combination of shock and sheath. The obtained scaling relations between the maximum ion energy and laser parameters （power, pulse duration） as well plasma parameter （plasma density）for example α PL 7/12 Eion,max α TL1/3 and Eion,max α ne2/3,are compared to the previous works. Some deficiencies and implications of model and results are discussed.     

Compton散射下激光等离子体纵波色散特性

应用电子与多光子集团非线性Compton散射模型,研究了Compton散射下激光等离子体纵波色散特性.结果表明:长波支纵色散曲线由解析上的长波、数值计算结果和短波组成,长波支和短波支纵色散均随相对论正负电子对特征温度的增大而增大,随Compton散射引起的频率的增量的增大而降低,且单温激光等离子体的色散曲线与散射前的双温等离子体的色散曲线相似.     

Compton散射下的强激光等离子体冲击波对固体的热烧蚀效应

应用多光子非线性Compton散射理论,研究了Compton散射下的强激光等离子体冲击波对固体的热烧蚀效应,给出了冲击波功率密度与靶材熔化温度及沸腾温度与加热时间的表达式,得到了冲击波照射靶材烧蚀孔的最佳实验条件。结果表明：固体的生热率提高,温度分布发生变化,作用点达到熔化和沸腾温度所需时间和功率比无散射时小。当冲击波能量为250J,到靶面的距离为70~80mm时,对靶材烧蚀孔的效果较好。当时间为1.2~3.6ms,到靶面的距离为28~80mm时,烧蚀效果较好;当能量密度为400~2800J•cm-2时,烧蚀深度成较差的线性增加,功率密度与烧蚀斑尺寸近乎成反比。     

Compton散射下强激光等离子体波前在固体中的传输特性

从多粒子系统量子力学理论出发,应用电子与多光子集团非弹性碰撞模型,研究了固体中形成的激光等离子体中的电子与入射光发生多光子非线性Compton散射下,散射光与入射光、电子振荡辐射波、离子的长光学横波的高频支形成的耦合等离子体波前的传输特性。结果表明,固体中激光等离子体电磁耦合声子的传播速度随磁场强度的增强、电子屏蔽作用的减弱及等离子体振荡频率的减小而变大,而散射光却使电磁耦合声子传播速度的这种增长效应降低,它随时间的增加也较缓慢地降低。     

一维动理学数值模拟激光与等离子体的相互作用

利用一维(1D3V)、显式、全电磁、相对论粒子模拟代码研究动理学范畴内激光与等离子体相互作用中的受激拉曼散射,给出了粒子代码的控制方程及其数值离散的详细方案,研究表明:动理学效应在受激拉曼散射不稳定性中十分重要;时问平均的反射率在阈值强度处跃升,在更高的激光强度处达到饱和;受激拉曼背向散射周期性地在次皮秒内爆发,离子效应延迟背向拉曼散射的发生;电子俘获导致了背向拉曼散射出现爆发;Langmuir波的非线性频移使得背向散射达到饱和。     

探测激光等离子体电子温度的一种新方法——受激Raman散射光谱的短波截断

利用受激Ｒａｍａｎ散射（ＳＲＳ）三波相互作用理论导出探测激光等离子体电子温度的一种新方法．对我国神光ＬＦ１２^#激光器上的ＳＲＳ实验光谱进行了分析，由ＳＲＳ光谱短波截断波长λ_s自洽地计算出激光等离子体晕区电子温度Ｔ_c．这些结果与由Ｘ射线谱测得的结果合理地符合． 关键词：     

Electron trajectory evaluation in laser-plasma interaction for effective output beam

Using the ellipsoidal cavity model, the quasi-monoenergetic electron output beam in laser-plasma interaction is described. By the cavity regime the quality of electron beam is improved in comparison with those generated from other methods such as periodic plasma wave field, spheroidal cavity regime and plasma channel guided acceleration. Trajectory of electron motion is described as hyperbolic, parabolic or elliptic paths. We find that the self-generated electron bunch has a smaller energy width and more effective gain in energy spectrum. Initial condition for the ellipsoidal cavity is determined by laser-plasma parameters. The electron trajectory is influenced by its position, energy and cavity electrostatic potential.     

Some New Solitary Wave Solutions to a Compound KdV-Burgers Equation

Abstract In terms of the solutions of an auxiliary ordinary differential equation, a new algebraic method, which contains the terms of first-order derivative of functions f （ξ）, is constructed to explore the new solitary wave solutions for nonlinear evolution equations. The method is applied to a compound KdV-Burgers equation, and abundant new solitary wave solutions are obtained. The algorithm is also applicable to a large variety of nonlinear evolution equations.     

飞秒激光与固体靶相互作用中自生磁场的测量

 利用OMA光学多道分析谱仪，分别在激光镜反方向和接近靶面法线方向测量了2倍频谐波的精细结构。在激光功率密度为5×10¹⁷ W/cm²的条件下，通过散射光2倍频谐波谱的精细结构，回推出激光与等离子体相互作用中产生的自生磁场达100T量级。     

激光等离子体中的强朗缪尔湍动谱分析

通过数值计算完全的萨哈罗夫方程,得到了朗缪尔波能量密度谱图。从一系列的谱图中可以看出,波的塌缩过程是沿着能量密度谱由小波数区域向大波数区域转移,朗缪尔波在塌缩过程中出现成丝现象。通过对获得的朗缪尔波平均能量密度谱进行拟合,得到了朗缪尔波能量密度谱函数。     

Multi-mode Spiral Wave in a Coupled Oscillatory Medium

Multi-mode spiral wave and its breakup in 1-d and 2-d coupled oscillatory media is studied here by theoretic analysis and numerical simulations. The analysis in 1-d system shows that the dispersion relation curve could be nonmonotonic depending on the coupling strength. It may also lead to the coexistence of different wave numbers within one system. Direct numerical observations in 1-d and 2-d systems conform to the prediction of dispersion relation analysis. Our findings indicate that the wave grouping can also be observed in oscillatory media without tip meandering and waves with negative group velocity can occur without inhomogeneity.     

Nonlinear pulse propagation and phase velocity of laser-driven plasma waves

Laser evolution and plasma wave excitation by a relativistically intense short-pulse laser in underdense plasma are investigated in the broad pulse limit, including the effects of pulse steepening, frequency redshifting, and energy depletion. The nonlinear plasma wave phase velocity is shown to be significantly lower than the laser group velocity and further decreases as the pulse propagates owing to laser evolution. This lowers the thresholds for trapping and wave breaking and reduces the energy gain and efficiency of laser-plasma accelerators that use a uniform plasma profile.     

多光子非线性Compton散射对激光等离子体中强朗缪尔湍动谱的影响

 基于电子与多光子集团非线性Compton散射模型,研究了多光子非线性Compton散射对激光等离子体中强缪尔湍动谱的影响,提出了将入射光和散射光作为形成强缪尔湍动的新机制,给出了横等离激元、强朗缪尔激元和离声激元之间相互作用满足的修正方程,并进行了数值模拟.结果表明:Compton散射使横等离激元和朗缪尔激元间的碰撞频率大大增加,随着时间的演化,横等离激元和朗缪尔激元的能量由小波数区向大波数区的转移比散射前要快得多,同时产生剧烈的坍塌.坍塌后期,等离激元的强非线性作用激发出高次共振谐波,使能量从一个谐波转移到另一个谐波,形成无限高次谐波,引起波的破碎,出现由调制不稳定性控制的强朗缪尔湍动、较强的激光成丝和能量均分现象.研究结果为进一步研究强朗缪尔湍动的加速机制、反常碰撞、激光加热实验及快点火实验提供了理论支持.     

Novel Localized Excitations of Nonlinear Coupled Scalar Fields

Some extended solution mapping relations of the nonlinear coupled scalar field and the well-known φ^4 model are presented. Simultaneously, inspired by the new solutions of the famous φ^4 model recently proposed by Jia, Huang and Lou, five kinds of new localized excitations of the nonlinear coupled scaiar field （NCSF） system are obtained.     

A planar chiral nanostructure with asymmetric transmission of linearly polarized wave and huge optical activity in near-infrared band

Just like an electronic diode that allows the electrical current to flow in one direction only, a kind of chiral metamaterial structure with a similar functionality for the electromagnetic wave is proposed. The designed nanostructure that consists of twisted metallic split-ring resonators on both sides of a dielectric substrate achieves asymmetric transmission for a forward and backward propagating linearly polarized wave by numerical simulation in near-infrared band. Difference in transmission efficiency of the optimized structure between the same polarized waves incident from opposite directions can reach a maximum at the communication wavelength （1.55 μm）. Moreover, the simulation results of this structure also exhibit strong optical activity and circular dichroism.     

Next-to-leading-order calculation in kT factorization

We explain the framework for calculating next-to-leading-order （NLO） corrections to exclusive processes in the kT factorization theorem, taking πγ^＊→γ as an example. Patrons off-shell by kT^2 are considered in both the quark diagrams from full QCD and the effective diagrams for the pion wave function. The gauge dependences in the above two sets of diagrams cancel, when deriving the kw-dependent hard kernel as their difference. The light-cone singularities in the kT-dependent pion wave function are regularized by rotating the Wilson lines away from the light cone. Both the large double logarithms In^2 kT and In^2x, x being a parton momentum fraction, arise from the loop correction to the virtual photon vertex, the former being absorbed into the pion wave function, and the latter into a jet function.     

A Direct Calculation of First-Order Wave Function of Helium

We develop a simple analytic calculation for the first order wave function of helium in a model in which nuclear charge screening is caused by repulsive coulomb interaction. The perturbation term, first-order correlation energy, and first-order wave function are divided into two components, one component associated with the repulsive coulomb interaction and the other proportional to magnetic shielding. The resulting first-order wave functions are applied to calculate second-order energies within the model. We find that the second-order energies are independent of the nuclear charge screening constant in the unperturbed Hamiltonian with a central coulomb potential.     

An Improved F-Expansion Method and Its Application to Coupled Drinfel＇d-Sokolov-Wilson Equation

With the aid of computerized symbolic computation, an improved F-expansion method is presented to uniformly construct more new exact doubly periodic solutions in terms of rational formal Jscobi elliptic function of nonlinear partial differential equations （NPDFs）. The coupled Drinfel＇d-Sokolov-Wilson equation is chosen to illustrate the method. As a result, we can successfully obtain abundant new doubly periodic solutions without calculating various Jacobi elliptic functions. In the limit cases, the rational solitary wave solutions and trigonometric function solutions are obtained as well.     

Quantum Solitary Wave Solutions in a Ferromagnetic Chain with Nearest- and Next-Nearest-Neighbor Interaction

The quantum solitary wave solutions in a one-dimensional ferromagnetic chain is investigated by using the Hartree-Fock approach and the multiple-scale method. It is shown that quantum solitary wave solutions can exist in a ferromagnetic system with nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor exchange interaction, and at the certain value of the first Brillouin zone, the solitary wave solution of the Hartree wave function becomes the intrinsic localized mode.