共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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Using the Monte-Carlo-Method linear electron-photon showers in lead have been calculated for primary electron and photon energies of 100, 200 and 380 MeV. We find that, beyond the maximum, the slope of the shower curves depends on the primary energy as well as on the cut-off energy of the electron and photon spectra. This behaviour is in agreement with recent experimental data. 相似文献
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Pfeifer T Gallmann L Abel MJ Nagel PM Neumark DM Leone SR 《Physical review letters》2006,97(16):163901
The concept of heterodyne mixing of laser fields is theoretically applied to the process of high-harmonic generation to enhance and modulate the kinetic energy of the active electron on subcycle time scales. A very small amount of intensity in the heterodyne field creates a significant modification of the electron kinetic energy, due to its amplification by the strong fundamental field in the kinetic-energy term, in which the heterodyne mixing occurs. Quantum calculations are carried out to verify the predictions of the classical results, demonstrating very good qualitative and quantitative agreement. Applications of the heterodyne-mixing concept are the extension of the harmonic cutoff to higher photon energies and the temporal gating of attosecond pulse production. 相似文献
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The normoxic polymer gel dosimeter evaluated with X-Ray computed tomography has emerged as a promising tool for measuring the dose delivered during radiotherapy in three dimensions. This study presents the dependence of PAGAT normoxic polymer gel sensitivity to different photon and electron energies. PAGAT polymer gel was prepared under normal atmospheric condition and irradiated with different photon energies of 1.25 MeV from Co-60 and 6 MV and 15 MV from linear accelerator and electron energies of 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21 MeV from linear accelerator. Evaluation of dosimeter was performed with an X-Ray CT scanner. Images were acquired with optimum scanning protocols to reduce the signal-to-noise ratio. The averaged image was subtracted from the unirradiated polymer gel image for background. Central axis depth dose (PDD) curves obtained for each energy and polymer gel dosimeter measurements were in good agreement with diode and film measurements. Hounsfield (HU) – dose response curve for each photon and electron energy were derived from the PDD curve obtained from the gel dosimeter measurements. From the study it was clear that the HU-dose response curve was linear in the region 1–10 Gy. The dosimeter sensitivity was defined as a slope of these linear HU-dose response curves and found that the sensitivity of polymer gel decreases with increase in both photon and electron energies. This trend in dependence of PAGAT gel dosimeter sensitivity to different photon and electron energies was not dosimetrically significant. However, to evaluate the test phantom exposed with one energy using the calibration curve derived at another energy can produce clinically significant error. 相似文献
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A. Hofmann 《Physics Reports》1980,64(5):253-281
The properties of synchrotron radiation from LEP are investigated. This radiation from LEP are investigated. This radiation is assumed to be in a parasitic mode without changing any of the operating parameters. At 86 GeV the radiation from the normal bending magnet has a critical energy of 0.4 MeV and a power of ~500 W/m, and is probably of limited interest. High photon energies (10–20 MeV) of high intensity can be obtained from normal and superconducting wiggler magnets. Undulators can give quasi-monochromatic radiation of high brightness with photon energies of up to 5 MeV. New magnet developments might increase this energy range. Quasi-monochromatic γ-rays of ~100 MeV can be created with soft Compton back scattering without disturbing the electron bean. This relies on future free electron lasers in the submillimetre range. The natural collimation, the polarization and the time structure make all these photon beams unique tools for research in nuclear physics. The synchrotron rediation can be used to produced photoneutrons with intensities of up to 1014 neutrons/s. It is foreseen that LEP will be equipped with superconducting cavities in later stage and that is energy will be increased to ~130 GeV. This will approximately double the photon energies obtained from wigglers and undulators. 相似文献
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R. Heuer B. Müller H. Stöcker W. Greiner 《Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei》1988,330(3):315-318
We have studied photon production in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies in the Molecular Dynamics approach, where the radiation amplitudes have been derived from the many-body dynamics in the classical bremsstrahlung formalism. This concept allows for a comparison of cross sections obtained by coherent and incoherent summation of amplitudes. The numerical results show a significant enhancement of the coherent cross section for photon energies below 40 MeV due to the dynamical influence of the nuclear mean field. 相似文献
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D. Yu. Bardin Č. Burdík P. Ch. Christova T. Riemann 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1989,42(4):679-692
Analytic results are presented on electroweak radiative corrections for neutral-current deepinelastic electron proton scattering at HERA energies. Single photon bremsstrahlung is included without cuts. 相似文献
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D. Yu. Bardin Č. Burdík P. Ch. Christova T. Riemann 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1989,44(1):149-156
Analytic results are presented on electroweak radiative corrections for charged-current deep-inelastic electron proton scattering at HERA energies. Single photon bremsstrahlung is included without cuts. 相似文献
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A possibility of precise measurement of the electron beam energy using absorption of radiation by electrons in a homogeneous magnetic field for electrons of high energy in the range up to a few hundred GeV, was considered earlier. In this paper, with the purpose of experimental checking of this method in the range of several tens MeV of electrons energies, a possibility of measurement of absolute energy of the electron beam with a relative accuracy up to 10?4, is considered. We take into account influence of the laser beam diffraction, of the spread of electrons over energies, and of the length of formation of radiation absorption in the process of electron beam energy measurement. The laser wavelength and the length of the magnet are chosen depending on the length of photon absorption formation. It is found that the kinematical restrictions on the photon absorption process lead to the selection in angles of propagation of photons, which can be absorbed by the beam electrons. It is shown that parameters of the electron beam will noticeably not vary during the measurement of the energy. 相似文献
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G. Rodrigo H. Czyż J.H. Kühn M. Szopa 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2002,24(1):71-82
Electron–positron annihilation into hadrons plus an energetic photon from initial state radiation allows the hadronic cross-section
to be measured over a wide range of energies. The full next-to-leading order QED corrections for the cross-section for annihilation into a real tagged photon and a virtual photon converting into hadrons are calculated where the tagged photon
is radiated off the initial electron or positron. This includes virtual and soft photon corrections to the process and the emission of two real hard photons: . A Monte Carlo generator has been constructed, which incorporates these corrections and simulates the production of two charged
pions or muons plus one or two photons. Predictions are presented for centre-of-mass energies between 1 and 10 GeV, corresponding
to the energies of DANE, CLEO-C and B-meson factories.
Received: 14 December 2001 / Published online: 5 April 2002 相似文献
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We consider QED processes in the presence of an infinitely thin and infinitely long straight string with a magnetic flux inside it. The bremsstrahlung from an electron passing by the magnetic string and the electron-positron pair production by a single photon are reviewed. Based on the exact electron and positron solutions of the Dirac equation in the external Aharonov-Bohm potential we present matrix elements for these processes. The dependence of the resulting cross sections on energies, directions, and polarizations of the involved particles is discussed for low energies. 相似文献
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Hoefman M Aphecetche L Bacelar JC Delagrange H Descouvemont P Diaz J d'Enterria D van Goethem M Holzmann R Huisman H Kalantar-Nayestanaki N Kugler A Lohner H Marques FM Martinez G Messchendorp JG Ostendorf RW Schadmand S Siemssen RH Simon RS Schutz Y Timmermans R Turrisi R Volkerts M Wagner V Weller H 《Physical review letters》2000,85(7):1404-1407
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Data on K-shell ionization by relativistic electron impact have been correlated for a wide range of elements (Z=13–83) and incident electron energies (E=3–900 MeV). A semi-empirical scaling law that has been developed using the Kolbenstvedt virtual photon theory is presented. 相似文献
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A generalization of the analytical theory of high harmonic generation in the long wavelength limit and in the single active electron approximation is developed taking into account the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole interaction. Quantum mechanical and classical theories are found to be in excellent agreement, which allows one to explain the influence of multipole effects in terms of an intuitive picture. For Ti:S lasers ( 0.8 &mgr;m) multipole contributions are found to be small below an intensity of about 10(17) W/cm(2), at which harmonic radiation with photon energies of several keV is generated. This promises the extension of high harmonic generation well into the sub-nm wavelength regime. 相似文献
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Young-Dae Jung 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2000,11(2):291-294
The classical electron-ion Coulomb Bremsstrahlung process is investigated in nonideal plasmas. An effective pseudopotential
model taking into account the plasma screening and collective effects is applied to describe the electron-ion interaction
potential in a classical nonideal plasma. The classical straight-line trajectory method is applied to the motion of the projectile
electron in order to visualize the variation of the differential Bremsstrahlung radiation cross-section (DBRCS) as a function
of the scaled impact parameter, nonideal plasma parameter, projectile energy, photon energy, and Debye length. The results
show that the DBRCS in ideal plasmas described by the Debye-Hückel potential is always greater than that in nonideal plasmas,
i.e., the collective effects reduce the DBRCS for both the soft and hard photon cases. For large impact parameters, the DBRCS
for the soft photon case is found to be always greater than that for the hard photon case.
Received 1st December 1999 相似文献
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J. Šulc 《Isotopes in environmental and health studies》2013,49(7):254-256
On the basis of a simplified mathematical model there is calculated the probability of a photon of characteristic K series radiation excited by a photon of low energy gamma radiation hitting the detector. There are also included the probabilities for coherently and incoherently scattered primary radiation considering electron binding energies. 相似文献
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Polaron induced double electron in a quantum dot is investigated using the exact diagonalization techniques and the compact density-matrix approach. The dependence of nonlinear optical processes on the incident photon energies and the polaronic effect are brought out. The linear, third order non-linear optical absorption coefficients and the refractive index changes of singlet and triplet states as a function of photon energy are obtained with and without the inclusion of polaronic effect. It is found that the geometrical confinement and the effect of polaron have great influence on the optical properties of dots. 相似文献
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In the presence of a normally incident mid-IR pulsed laser field, phonon-assisted photon absorption by both intrasubband and intersubband phonon scattering of conduction electrons in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells are predicted. The novel non-resonant and non-linear intersubband absorption is found by including the photon-induced phonon scattering process in a Boltzmann equation for phonon energies smaller than the energy separation between two electron subbands in the quantum well. The predicted phonon-assisted photon absorption by intersubband transitions of electrons from the first to the second subband is a unique feature in quantum-well systems and is expected to have a significant effect on the electron populations in both subbands. 相似文献
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Tran Duc Thiep Truong Thi An Nguyen Tuan Khai Nguyen The Vinh Phan Viet Cuong Iu. P. Gangrski A. G. Belov O. D. Maslov 《Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters》2012,9(8):648-655
We have determined the total bremsstrahlung photon fluxes with end-point energies in the giant dipole resonance (GDR) region produced by electron accelerator Microtron MT??25 (the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reaction, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia) and that of 65 MeV bremsstrahlung produced by the linear electron accelerator (the Pohang Neutron Facility, Pohang, South Korea). The method that we used was the photon activation technique. To ensure the accuracy of the results, we carried out simultaneous photon activation of two monitors made of Cu and Au foils in the same irradiation conditions. The results are discussed in the paper. 相似文献