Optical absorption in asymmetric double quantum wells driven by two intense terahertz fields

Optical absorption is investigated for asymmetric double quantum wells driven by a resonant terahertz field and a varied terahertz field both polarized along the growth direction. Rich nonlinear dynamics of the replica peak and the Autler-Townes splitting of various dressed states are systematically studied in undoped asymmetric double quantum wells by taking account of multiple factors, such as the frequency of the varied terahertz field and the strength of the resonant terahertz field. Each electron subband splits into two dressed states when the resonant terahertz field is applied in the absence of the varied terahertz field, the optical absorption spectrum shows the first order Autler-Townes splitting of the electron subbands. When a varied terahertz field is added into the resonant system, the replica peak and the second order Autler-Townes splitting of the dressed states near the band edge respectively emerge when the varied terahertz field is non-resonant and resonant with these dressed states. When the strength of the resonant terahertz field is increased, the first order Autler-Townes double peaks and the replica peak in the optical absorption spectrum shift with the shifts of the dressed states. The presented results have potential applications in electro-optical devices.     

Optical absorption and electromagnetically induced transparency in semiconductor quantum well driven by intense terahertz field

An approach for solving the excitonic absorption in a semiconductor quantum well driven by an intense terahertz field is presented.The formalism relies on the stationary single-photon Schro¨dinger equation in the full quantum mechanical framework.The optical absorption dynamics in both weak and strong couplings are discussed and compared.The excitonic absorption spectra show the Autler-Townes doublets for the resonance terahertz field,a replica peak for the non-resonance terahertz field,and the electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon for modulating the decay rate of the second electron state in the weak coupling.In particular,the electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon window range is discussed.In the strong coupling region,the multi-order energy level resonance splitting due to the strong optical field is found.There are three(non-resonance terahertz field) or four(resonance terahertz field) peaks in the optical absorption spectra.This work provides a simple and convenient approach to deal with the optical absorption in the exciton system.     

量子阱在沿其平面方向偏振太赫兹波驱动下子带间光吸收

利用半导体布洛赫方程,讨论了量子阱在沿其平面方向偏振的太赫兹场驱动下的光学吸收谱。研究结果揭示了半导体量子阱在沿平面方向偏振的强太赫兹场驱动下吸收谱的一些新奇效应,如主吸收的太赫兹边带、动态弗兰兹-凯尔迪什效应。太赫兹场的频率及其相位对探测场吸收谱的影响也很显著。     

Nonlinear dynamics in wurtzite InN diodes under terahertz radiation

We carry out a theoretical study of nonlinear dynamics in terahertz-driven n⁺nn⁺ wurtzite InN diodes by using time-dependent drift diffusion equations. A cooperative nonlinear oscillatory mode appears due to the negative differential mobility effect, which is the unique feature of wurtzite InN aroused by its strong nonparabolicity of the Γ₁ valley. The appearance of different nonlinear oscillatory modes, including periodic and chaotic states, is attributed to the competition between the self-sustained oscillation and the external driving oscillation. The transitions between the periodic and chaotic states are carefully investigated using chaos-detecting methods, such as the bifurcation diagram, the Fourier spectrum and the first return map. The resulting bifurcation diagram displays an interesting and complex transition picture with the driving amplitude as the control parameter.     

Nonlinear dynamics in wurtzite InN diodes under terahertz radiation

We carry out a theoretical study of nonlinear dynamics in terahertz-driven n+ nn+ wurtzite InN diodes by using time-dependent drift diffusion equations.A cooperative nonlinear oscillatory mode appears due to the negative differential mobility effect,which is the unique feature of wurtzite InN aroused by its strong nonparabolicity of the Γ 1 valley.The appearance of different nonlinear oscillatory modes,including periodic and chaotic states,is attributed to the competition between the self-sustained oscillation and the external driving oscillation.The transitions between the periodic and chaotic states are carefully investigated using chaos-detecting methods,such as the bifurcation diagram,the Fourier spectrum and the first return map.The resulting bifurcation diagram displays an interesting and complex transition picture with the driving amplitude as the control parameter.     

增益饱和对光学差频产生太赫兹辐射的功率和稳定性的影响

数值模拟并分析了以GaSe晶体为例对光学差频产生太赫兹（THz）波的特性.结果表明：当THz波长为227.5 μm,晶体长度为26.3 mm时,产生THz波功率达到增益饱和,在增益饱和点输出最高峰值功率可以达到945 W.由于晶体吸收的影响,THz波的增益饱和区是输出功率的非稳定区,而THz波的输出稳定区位于增益饱和区之后,在稳定区的THz波稳定性取决于抽运光的稳定性.当THz波波长为227.5 μm时,达到稳定区所需晶体长度为37.9 mm,此时THz波输出峰值功率可以达到735 W. 关键词： 光学差频 太赫兹辐射 稳定性     

Exciton states and optical absorption in quantum wires under laser radiation

We analyze the exciton states in a quantum wire under intense laser radiation. Electrons and holes are confined by the parabolic potential of the quantum wire. An exactly solvable model is introduced for calculating the exciton binding energy, replacing the actual Coulomb interaction between the electron and the hole by a projective operator.     

可调太赫兹与光学超材料

本文对可调太赫兹与光学超材料的研究进展进行了综述,并对其发展趋势和应用前景进行了展望。可以预见,可调超材料将继续成为超材料研究中的热点课题,并将成为引领光学器件和光学系统变革的潜在技术途径,对光学和太赫兹技术的发展将产生深远的影响。     

Pressure-dependent terahertz optical characterization of heptafluoropropane

Heptafluoropropane(HFP), as the best alternative to halon fire-suppression agents, is now a widely used fire extinguishing agent. The current studies of HFP, concentrating on the extinguishing mechanisms of flames and decomposition products, in general deal with the destructive and high temperature cases. In this paper, terahertz time-domain spectra are used to characterize HFP at different pressures. Optical parameters of HFP, such as absorption coefficient, refractive index, and relative permittivity, and their relationship with concentration of samples, are discussed. The absorption peak of HFP at 0.3 THz depends strongly on the applied pressure, and the corresponding parameters increase almost linearly with increasing HFP concentration. The present study lays a foundation for future extensive applications.     

玉米油光学参数的太赫兹波精确测定研究

利用太赫兹电磁波时域光谱（THz-TDS）技术对玉米油进行了测量.考虑容器对参数测量的影响,使用传输函数逼近方法来计算分析玉米油的折射率、吸收系数等重要的光学参数.与传统的太赫兹电磁波数值计算方法比较,传输函数逼近方法在分析玉米油的光学参数方面具有很高精度.结果表明,该测量分析方法对植物油品质检测具有重要指导意义. 关键词： 太赫兹时域谱 玉米油 光学参数 吸收系数     

Resonant detection of terahertz radiation utilizing plasma waves in high-electron-mobility transistors

This paper theoretically studies the high-electron-mobility transistor （HEMT） driven by the terahertz radiation. It calculates the gate-to-source/drain admittance and the detection responsivity of the HEMT as a function of the signal frequency. It finds that the peaks of the admittances and the responsivity show redshift, and the heights of the peaks decrease with increasing the lengths of the source-to-gate and gate-to-drain spacing. Such phenomena may be useful in designing different HEMTs by utilizing the effects associated with the plasma oscillations excitation.     

半导体微结构物理效应及其应用讲座第三讲半导体的激子效应及其在光电子器件中的应用

人们对半导体中的电子空穴对在库仑互作用下形成的激子态及其有关的物理性质进行了深入研究.激子效应对半导体中的光吸收、发光、激射和光学非线性作用等物理过程具有重要影响,并在半导体光电子器件的研究和开发中得到了重要的应用.与半导体体材料相比,在量子化的低维电子结构中,激子的束缚能要大得多,激子效应增强,而且在较高温度或在电场作用下更稳定.这对制作利用激子效应的光电子器件非常有利.近年来量子阱、量子点等低维结构研究获得飞速的进展,已大大促进了激子效应在新型半导体光源和半导体非线性光电子器件领域的应用.     

量子阱在沿其平面方向偏振太赫兹波驱动下子带间光吸收

利用半导体布洛赫方程,讨论了量子阱在沿其平面方向偏振的太赫兹场驱动下的光学吸收谱。研究结果揭示了半导体量子阱在沿平面方向偏振的强太赫兹场驱动下吸收谱的一些新奇效应,如主吸收的太赫兹边带、动态弗兰兹-凯尔迪什效应。太赫兹场的频率及其相位对探测场吸收谱的影响也很显著。     

Study of the surface and far fields of terahertz radiation generated by large-aperture photoconductive antennas

We have studied analytically the temporal characteristics of terahertz radiation emitted from a biased largeaperture photoconductive antenna triggered by an ultrashort optical pulse. We have included the effects of the finite lifetime and transient mobility dynamics of photogenerated carriers in the analysis. Succinct explicit expressions are obtained for the emitted radiation in the surface field and in the far field. The dependence of the waveforms of the radiated field on the fluence and duration of triggering optical pulse, carrier relaxation time and carrier lifetime are discussed in detail using the obtained expressions.     

利用光学渡越辐射进行强流束诊断

描述了光学渡越辐射用于束流诊断的理论依据,介绍了利用光学渡越辐射对18MeV,2.7kA的强流脉冲电子束进行诊断的实验方案。在解决了在强流束测量中强背景干扰等问题后,获得了光学渡越辐射的特征图案,据此测量了强流脉冲束的剖面、能量、发散角和发射度。初步的实验结果表明,光学渡越辐射方法是强流束诊断的一种有效手段。     

ZnTe晶体中光学整流产生的THz辐射及其电光探测研究

借助抽运-探测技术研究了ZnTe晶体中光学整流产生的太赫兹(THz)辐射，利用ZnTe晶体的线性电光效应探测THz辐射场分布，观察到了较窄(约为0.2 ps)的THz场分布及相应较宽(响应超过4 THz，半峰宽约为2.4 THz)的THz频谱，并运用琼斯矩阵对实验结果进行了理论拟合. 研究了飞秒激光脉冲波长(750—850 nm)、脉冲宽度(56—225 fs)和晶体旋转与THz辐射产生的关系. 同时改变探测光偏振方向进行偏振调制，并从理论上分析了偏振调制对THz辐射探测的影响. 关键词： THz辐射 光学整流 电光探测 ZnTe     

The effect of an optical pump on the absorption coefficient of magnesium-doped near-stoichiometric lithium niobate in terahertz range

The absorption coefficient of magnesium-doped near-stoichiometric lithium niobate crystal is measured by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in a frequency range of 0.2 THz~0.9 THz at room temperature. The absorption coefficient is modulated by external optical pump fields. Experimental results show that the absorption coefficient of near-SLN：Mg crystal is approximately in a range of 22 cm- 1_35 cm- 1 in a frequency range of 0.2 THz-0.9 THz and tunable up to nearly 15%. Further theoretical analysis reveals that the variation of absorption coefficient is related to the number of light-induced carriers, domain reversal process, and OH- absorption in this crystal.     

飞秒超强激光驱动太赫兹辐射特性的实验研究

强太赫兹源是太赫兹科学技术发展的关键,其中大能量强场太赫兹脉冲源在超快物态调控、新型电子加速器等领域具有重要的应用前景.超快超强激光与等离子体相互作用是近年来发展起来的一种新型的强场太赫兹辐射产生途径.本文报道了利用超强飞秒激光脉冲与金属薄膜靶作用产生太赫兹辐射的实验结果,研究了激光能量和离焦量对靶后太赫兹辐射能量的影响,并通过监测激光背向散射光谱,定性揭示了其变化规律与不同光强下的电子加热机制的相关性.实验表征了太赫兹辐射的频谱、偏振及聚焦光斑情况.测量结果表明,实验产生了脉冲能量达458μJ、聚焦场强高达GV/m量级的超宽带太赫兹辐射,为开展极端太赫兹脉冲与物质相互作用研究提供了一种新的强场太赫兹光源.     

Intense Cherenkov-type terahertz electromagnetic radiation from ultrafast laser-plasma interaction

A Cherenkov-type terahertz electromagnetic radiation is revealed, which results efficiently from the collective effects in the time-domain of ultrafast pulsed electron current produced by ultrafast intense laser--plasma interaction. The emitted pulse waveform and spectrum, and the dependence of laser pulse parameters on the structure of the radiation field are investigated numerically. The condition of THz radiation generation in this regime and Cherenkov geometry of the radiation field are studied analytically.     

Generation of coherent terahertz radiation by photomixing of dual-mode lasers

We have reviewed and discussed the generation of continuous-wave terahertz radiation by the photomixing of dual-mode lasers, which includes a multi-mode laser diode (LD), a dual-mode microchip laser, a monolithic dual-mode DBR LD, and a widely tunable dual-mode external cavity LD. It is demonstrated by several experiments that the beat frequency of a dual-mode laser is more stable than the original laser modes because of the common-mode rejection effect. We also suggest a novel scheme by which the optical beat is stabilized to less than 1 kHz and its frequency can be precisely determined as well.