共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
超临界流体技术在萃取中的应用简介 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
超临界流体萃取技术具有许多传统技术所没有的快速、高效、高选择性、低能耗等优点,特别是超临界流体的特性是它可以代替高毒有机溶剂做反应介质,符合绿色化学的要求。本文综述了超临界流体的特性,介绍了超临界流体萃取的原理,归纳了超临界流体萃取的应用现状,并介绍了超临界流体的其他领域应用概况。 相似文献
2.
超临界流体技术制备纳米材料的研究与展望 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
纳米科技是人们普遍关注的重要领域,而纳米材料充当其中的基础性角色。本文介绍了在新兴绿色环保介质——超临界流体中纳米材料的合成及其制备,涉及范围包括从准零纳米微粒到三维纳米材料,从无机纳米材料到有机聚合物纳米材料。其中不仅介绍了超临界流体中纳米材料的制备方法,同时也包括制备过程中超临界流体特殊性质,如溶胀、塑化和地表面张力所起的重要作用,并对超临界流体技术在纳米材料制备中的应用前景进行展望。 相似文献
3.
超临界流体的共溶剂效应和混合流体研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
共溶剂的出现极大地拓展了超临界流体的应用范围,推动了超临界流体科学与技术的发展。本文从相行为和分子间相互作用热力学的角度,对相行为测定、量热技术、光谱技术和分子模拟等在超临界流体中共溶剂效应的研究作了综述,主要介绍超临界流体中共溶剂的作用机理和混合流体在临界点附近热力学性质研究,并对其未来发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
4.
5.
超临界流体可以用做色谱的流动相,使混合物质在色谱柱上得到分离,这种分离方法被称为超临界流体色谱(Supercdtical Fluid Chromatography,简称SFC)。作为色谱流动相的超临界流体,其作用与超临界流体萃取(Supercritical Fluid Extraction,简称SFE)类似。超临界流体对物质的溶解能力远比一般气体大的多, 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
用超临界二氧化碳重结晶分离菲蒽混合物 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
建立了一套以超临界二氧化碳及其改性流体为重结晶溶剂的等压温差超临界流 重结晶实验装置。用色谱保留值法评价了SFR分离菲蒽的试验条件。研究了该实验装置影响重结晶的因素,并对同分异构体型菲蒽模型混合物进行了SFR分离纯化。 相似文献
12.
13.
Supercritical fluids:Clean solvents for green chemistry 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
POLIAKOFF Martyn GEORGE Michael W. HOWDLE Steven M. BAGRATASHVILI Viktor N. 韩布兴 闫海科 《中国化学》1999,17(3):212-222
Supercritical fluids are becoming increasingly attractive as environmentally acceptable replacement for organic solvents in chemical reactions and material processing. This paper highlights some of the properties of supercritical fluids, especially supercritical CO2, which offer particular advantages for the handling of polymers, metal complexes and the environmentally more friendly synthesis and manufacture of chemicals. The paper includes some of the researches in University of Nottingham and a number of recent reviews which together provide a comprehensive introduction. 相似文献
14.
15.
This research describes dispersion of organic pigments using supercritical fluids. With low surface tension and high diffusivity of fluids in supercritical states, aggregated particles may be effectively wetted and swelled to form the primary constituent of the dispersing solution by volume. In this paper, the conditions of temperature and pressure are used to control the density of supercritical carbon dioxide subject to PGMEA as cosolvent for dispersing organic powder in a solution. As shown from measurement with a laser scattering particle analyzer, the average diameter of phthalocyanine green 36 with the haloid structure can be significantly reduced to 93.5 nm; for aminoanthraquinone red containing and amino group (-NH(2)) and phthalocyanine blue 15:6 with symmetry benzene and inner hydrogen bond, the mean particle sizes are 178.5 and 188.7 nm, respectively, using supercritical CO(2). Additionally, the transmittance of UV light is used to confirm the dispersing performance in this study. 相似文献
16.
Wang Qian Meng Daqiao Zhang Guangfeng Xue Weidong Zhang Li Zhu Zhenghe 《化学物理学报(中文版)》2005,18(2):157-160
The present work is devoted to examine the passivation effect of metallic uraniu by supercritical fluid CO2, which is the most significant. The structure and thermodynamic properties of UC, C, UO2 and supercritical fluid CO2 have been calculated, based on which following simultaneous reactions have been examined using chemical equilibrium theory. The results indicate that the △G° for U(α)+CO2(g)UO2(s)+C(Graphite) reaction is -149.8~-632.0 kJ, △G° for 2U(α)+CO2(g)UO2(s)+UC(s) reaction is -725.1~-730.2 kJ, and both △G<0 and equilibrium closely approach products. It is also well known that the supercritical fluid is quite active in kinetics, and therefore the product compounds UC, C and UO2 would be quite stable. After the calculated molar tatio of UC, C and UO2, the stoichiometric ratio of elements is UC0.65±0.01O1.30±0.01, which would be useful for XPS observation. 相似文献
17.
LIU ZhiMin & SUN ZhenYu Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Center for Molecular Science 《中国科学:化学》2010,(2)
The use of green solvents (including supercritical fluids and ionic liquids) in the synthesis of nanomaterials is highlighted. The methods described can not only reduce or eliminate the use or generation of substances hazardous to health and the environment, but can also be used to efficiently prepare nanomaterials with high performances. The unique characteristics of green solvents are responsible for the green features and unusual advantages of these approaches. 相似文献