Mass fragmentographic determination of diphenylhydantoin and its main metabolite, 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin, in human plasma.

A method is described for the mass fragmentographic determination of diphenylhydantoin and its main metabolite, 5-(-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin (4-OH-DPH), in human plasma as their dimethyl and trimethyl derivatives, respectively. The derivatives are formed by using the recently described extractive alkylation technique. Pentadeuterated 4-OH-DPH is used as the internal standard. Following acidic hydrolysis of the plasma sample, conjugated 4-OH-DPH and, indirectly, the dihydrodiol metabolite, 5-(3,4-dihydroxy-1,5-cyclohexadien-1-yl)-5-phenylhydantoin, are measured. Using 100-mul plasma samples, the lower limit of detection is about 10 ng/ml 00.03 nmole/ml).     

鼠脑组织中6-羟基-1-甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉及其相关生物胺的高效液相色谱-电化学检测

建立了大鼠脑组织中6-羟基-1-甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉(6-OH-MTHβC)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)和5-羟吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA)含量的高效液相色谱-库仑阵列电化学检测(HPLC-ECD)方法。采用的色谱柱为DiscoveryHS F5柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),流动相为缓冲液（40 mmol/L柠檬酸+20 mmol/L磷酸氢二钠+0.3 mmol/L乙二胺四乙酸二钠,pH 4.0）-甲醇（体积比为78∶22）混合液,流速为1 mL/min。6-OH-MTHβC、5-HT、5-HIAA在1.0～500.0 μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r>0.9992),检出限分别为0.56,0.26,0.53 μg/L,日内和日间精密度(以相对标准偏差表示)均低于6.1%,回收率分别为87.1%～98.2%,87.0%～95.3%,90.1%～97.7%。用该方法检测新生7 d的SD胎鼠脑内6-OH-MTHβC及5-HT、5-HIAA的含量,发现SD胎鼠在急性酒精中毒8 h后6-OH-MTHβC显著上升(P<0.05);而5-HT和5-HIAA的含量有所下降,但无显著性差异。该法简便、稳定、灵敏度高,适用于测定鼠脑组织中6-OH-MTHβC和5-HT,5-HIAA含量的相关研究。     

Simultaneous determination of serotonin and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid in human urine by automated precolumn derivatization and semi-microbore column liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.

An improved high-performance liquid-chromatographic (HPLC) assay for the simultaneous determination of serotonin (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) in human urine is reported. Following the automated precolumn derivatization of urinary 5-HT and 5-HIAA with benzylamine, the derivatives are separated by isocratic elution on a reversed-phase C18 semi-microbore column, and are fluorometrically detected at an excitation wavelength of 345 nm and an emission wavelength of 480 nm. The detection limits of 5-HT and 5-HIAA are 7 and 5 nmol/l in urine (0.7 and 0.5 fmol/20-microl injection). The proposed automatic method permits a highly selective and sensitive determination of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in human urine without any sample purification.     

气相色谱/质谱法测定大鼠脑中5-羟色胺的含量

采用气相色谱／质谱法（ＧＣ／ＭＳ）测定了正常大鼠和服药大鼠脑组织中５－羟色胺（５－ＨＴ）的浓度。大鼠脑组织制成匀浆后,先将５－ＨＴ酰化,酰化物经乙酸乙酯提取后,再经七氟丁酸酐衍生化,用ＧＣ／ＭＳ测定。ＭＳ采用电子捕获负离子化学电离（ＥＣＮＩＣＩ）模式。方法的线性范围为０．５０～５０．０μｇ／Ｌ,回归方程为Ｙ＝０．１３４８Ｘ－０．０７９９５（ｒ＝０．９９９６）;平均回收率为９８．２％±３．８％（ｎ＝１０）;检测限为０．５μｇ／Ｌ;相对标准偏差小于１０％。     

Simultaneous determination of monoamine and amino acid neurotransmitters in rat endbrain tissues by pre-column derivatization with high-performance liquid chromatographic fluorescence detection and mass spectrometric identification

A sensitive and efficient method for simultaneous determination of glutamic acid (Glu), gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA), dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) in rat endbrains was developed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection and on-line mass spectrometric identification following derivatization with 1,2-benzo-3,4-dihydrocarbazole-9-ethyl chloroformate (BCEOC). Different parameters which influenced derivatization and separation were optimized. The complete separation of five neurotransmitter (NT) derivatives was performed on a reversed-phase Hypersil BDS-C(18) column with a gradient elution. The rapid structure identification of five neurotransmitter derivatives was carried out by on-line mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (ESI) source in positive ion mode, and the BCEOC-labeled derivatives were characterized by easy-to-interpret mass spectra. Stability of derivatives, repeatability, precision and accuracy were evaluated and the results were excellent for efficient HPLC analysis. The quantitative linear range of five neurotransmitters were 2.441-2x10(4) nM, and limits of detection were in the range of 0.398-1.258 nM (S/N=3:1). The changes of their concentrations in endbrains of three rat groups were also studied using this HPLC fluorescence detection method. The results indicated that exhausting exercise could obviously influence the concentrations of neurotransmitters in rat endbrains. The established method exhibited excellent validity, high sensitivity and convenience, and provided a new technique for simultaneous analysis of monoamine and amino acid neurotransmitters in rat brain.     

Ultrasensitive detection of indoleamines by combination of nanoparticle-based extraction with capillary electrophoresis/laser-induced native fluorescence

For the first time, citrate-capped gold nanoparticles (citrate-AuNPs) have been used for the selective extraction of indoleamines – 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), tryptophan (Trp), tryptamine (TA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) – prior to their analysis by capillary electrophoresis/laser-induced native fluorescence (CE/LINF). The extinction spectra obtained for the citrate-AuNPs in the presence of indoleamines revealed that 5-HTP, 5-HT, and 5-HIAA were extracted mainly because of van der Waals interactions between the indole ring and the citrate-AuNPs (hydrophobic surface), while 5-HT and TA were extracted by electrostatic attractions between the amine group of the indoleamines and the citrate ligands adsorbed on the AuNP surface. The extracted indoleamines could be liberated from the AuNP surface by the addition of high concentrations of 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME), which binds strongly to the AuNPs. The sensitivity of this method to indoleamines could be significantly enhanced by increasing the AuNP concentration, incubation time, and sample volume. Under optimal extraction and separation conditions, the combination of NP-based extraction and CE-LINF provided 48-, 4077-, 985-, 920-, and 4030-fold improvements in the limits of detection (signal-to-noise ratio of 3) for 5-HTP, Trp, TA, 5-HT, and 5-HIAA as compared to the analysis of five indoleamines by CE-LINF. In addition, this proposed method was successfully used for the determination of TA and 5-HT in urine.     

New microdialysis-electrochemical device for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid in rat striatum

A new device combining microdialysis with electrochemical microsensor was developed. It can be applied to monitor the biomolecules in the brain for biological and pharmaceutical research. In this paper, the device was applied to simultaneously determine ascorbic acid (AA) and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) in rat striatum. The microsensor used for the device was poly (sulphosalicylic acid) microsensor, which exhibited a good electrocatalytic effect on oxidization of AA and 5-HIAA. The oxidation currents measured by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were linear for AA in the range of 0.02-1.0 mmol l⁻¹, and for 5-HIAA from 0.5 to 10.0 μmol l⁻¹ (r=0.9998 and 0.9991, respectively). The detection limits were calculated to be 0.01 mmol l⁻¹ for AA and 0.25 μmol l⁻¹for 5-HIAA (S/N=3). Studies also showed that co-existing substances in biological fluids did not interfere with AA and 5-HIAA determination when using this microsensor. Since, the substances in the microdialysate are easily oxidized by air, the microdialysate in this device was under the protection of N₂. It was found that the concentrations of AA and 5-HIAA in rat striatum were 215±5 and 6.21±0.61 μmol l⁻¹ (mean±S.E.M., n=7), respectively with this device under the protection of N₂. In addition, the effect of the nitric oxide donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), on 5-HIAA in the rat striatum was investigated. It was found that a high concentration of SNP (1.0 mmol l⁻¹) resulted in a 34% increase in 5-HIAA level.     

Mass fragmentographic determination of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylglycol (HMPG) in urine, cerebrospinal fluid, plasma and tissues using a deuterium-labelled internal standard.

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylglycol (HMPG) with the three hydrogen atoms in the side-chain replaced with deuterium (HMPG-D3) was used as the internal standard in the mass fragmentographic determination of free and conjugated HMPG in human urine, cerebrospinal fluid and plasma and in rat urine, liver and brain. HMPG-D3 was added to body fluids or homogenates followed by enzymatic hydrolysis of conjugates. HMPG was extracted with ethyl acetate, converted into the trifluoroacetyl derivative and analyzed by mass fragmentography. HMPG levels were 7.4 nmoles/ml plus or minus 2.8% in human urine, 73 pmoles/ml plus or minus 8.2% in human cerebrospinal fluid, 56 pmoles/ml plus or minus 5.4% in human plasma, 24 nmoles/ml plus or minus 3.6% in rat urine, 0.26 nmoles/g plus or minus 6.2% in rat brain and 99 pmoles/g plus or minus 13% in rat liver. The method is highly specific and sensitive, permitting analysis in small samples or in plasma and in tissues for which previously no methods for HMPG analysis were available.     

Separation and determination of L-tryptophan and its metabolites by capillary micellar electrokinetic chromatography with amperometric detection

A high-performance method of capillary micellar electrokinetic chromatography (CMEKC) with amperometric detection (AD), using a newly designed pre-aligned electrochemical cell, has been developed for the separation and determination of L-tryptophan (Trp) and its eight metabolites including 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine (3-HK), 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (5-HTP), L-kynurenine (KN), 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA), xanthurenic acid (XA), indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and tryptamine (Tryp). A carbon disk electrode was used as the working electrode and the optimal detection potential was 0.85 V (versus Ag/AgCl). At 24 kV of applied voltage, the nine compounds were completely separated, within 23 min, in a 10 mol/L Na(2)HPO(4)-NaOH buffer (pH 11.0) containing 40 mmol/L sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and 3% methanol (v/v). A good linear relationship was obtained for all analytes in this paper and the detection limits of 3-HK, 5-HTP, KN, Trp, 5-HIAA, XA, IPA, 5-HT, and Tryp were 7.42, 5.18, 34.6, 3.99, 15.1, 12.7, 260, 6.72, and 8.01 nmol/L, respectively. This method has been applied to analyze the metabolism of Trp in rabbit urine.     

微柱液相色谱-双电极电化学法测定脑微透析液中单胺类递质的含量

用微柱液相色谱－双工作电极电化学检测法,分析了麻醉大白鼠纹状体微透析样品中的单胺类递质及其代谢产物的含量。无论在上游的氧化电位或下游的还原电位进行检测,至少在２～２００ｐｇ范围内,浓度与响应的线性关系良好,检测极限可达１ｐｇ以下。对于检测的优点和需要注意的问题作了扼要的讨论。     

Simple HPLC-EC Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Biogenic Amines and Their Main Metabolites in Small Rat Brain Regions

Abstract

A simple and reliable procedure for the simultaneous determination of dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and their acidic metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and 5-hydroxy indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection has been developed. Minimal sample preparation is required before injection into the liquid chromatograph. The present method can be applied to the analysis of several rat brain regions. The procedure offers good possibilities for routine analysis of biogenic amines and their acidic metabolites in the picogram range.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定兔尿中溴氰菊酯及其毒性生物标志物

建立了一种应用高效液相色谱-串联质谱（HPLC-MS/MS）测定兔尿中与溴氰菊酯毒性相关的多种生物标志物的检测方法。分析物包括溴氰菊酯及其代谢产物1R,3R-二溴菊酸、3-苯氧基苯甲酸,以及5种生物标志物5-羟色胺、5-羟基吲哚乙酸、3-硝基丙酸、8-羟基脱氧鸟苷和6-甲氧基鸟嘌呤。样品经硅藻土基质固相分散萃取、三氯乙酸沉淀蛋白质和HLB固相萃取小柱净化,使用电喷雾离子源,在多反应监测模式下正负切换采集测定,其中溴氰菊酯、5-羟色胺、5-羟基吲哚乙酸、8-羟基脱氧鸟苷和6-甲氧基鸟嘌呤采用正离子模式,1R,3R-二溴菊酸、3-苯氧基苯甲酸和3-硝基丙酸采用负离子模式。基质校准曲线外标法定量。结果表明,7种生物标志物在各自的浓度范围内线性关系良好（R²不小于0.9914）,5-羟基吲哚乙酸的检出限和定量限分别为20 μg/L和50 μg/L,其余化合物的检出限和定量限分别为0.2~5.0 μg/L和0.5~10 μg/L;在兔尿中3个不同添加水平的平均回收率为74.2%~98.7%,相对标准偏差（RSD）不大于12%,方法简单、快速、准确、灵敏,可作为溴氰菊酯暴露评估的检测方法。     

Determination of 5-Hydroxytryptamine, Norepinephrine, Dopamine and Their Metabolites in Rat Brain Tissue by LC–ESI–MS–MS

A liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed to perform the determination of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and their metabolites, i.e., 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylglycol (MHPG) sulfate, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in rat brain tissue. Analytes were separated on a Thermo C₁₈ column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm, SN: 1245575T, Thermo electron corporation, USA) with a mobile phase of 0.05% formic acid/acetonitrile (92:8 for ESI⁺, 82:18 for ESI^?, v/v) at the flow-rate of 0.8 mL min^?1. The LC system was coupled to a Waters Micromass Quattro Premier XE tandem quadruple mass spectrometer. MS acquisition of 5-HT, NE and DA was performed in positive electrospray ionization multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, while negative electrospray ionization MRM mode was used to monitor their metabolites. The calibration curves were linear within the concentration range of 4–4,450 ng mL^?1 for 5-HT, 4–4,110 ng mL^?1 for NE and 4–4,100 ng mL^?1 for DA (r ≥ 0.999). The limit of quantitation was 4 ng mL^?1. 5-HIAA, MHPG, DOPAC and HVA have good linearity within the range of 12–1,000 ng mL^?1(r ≥ 0.998) and the limit of quantitation was 12 ng mL^?1. The intra- and inter-day RSD were lower than 8.45%. The method is sensitive, fast, accurate and usable for quantity determination of monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites in neuropsychiatric diseases.     

Silica stationary phase-based on-line sample enrichment coupled with LC-MS/MS for the quantification of dopamine,serotonin and their metabolites in rat brain microdialysates

Accurate measurement of trace levels of endogenous compounds remains challenging despite advancements in analytical technologies. In particular, monoamine neurotransmitters such as dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) are polar compounds with low molecular weights, which complicates the optimization of retention and detection on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Microdialysis is an important sampling technique to collect extracellular fluid from the brain of living animals. However, the very low basal concentrations of the neurotransmitters, small sample volume (maximum 30 μL) and the absence of matrix-matching calibrators are limitations of a microdialysate as an analytical sample. In the present study, an LC-MS/MS method was developed and fully validated for the quantification of DA, 5-HT and their main metabolites, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), in microdialysates from the rat nucleus accumbens shell. To improve the method sensitivity and accuracy, on-line sample enrichment using silica stationary phase was employed, before which any other sample pretreatment was not performed. The validation results proved the method to be selective, sensitive, accurate and precise, with acceptable linearity within calibration ranges. The lower limits of quantification were 0.025, 0.1, 0.5, 25 and 2.5 ng/mL for 5-HT, DA, 5-HIAA, HVA and DOPAC, respectively. This is a powerful analytical method to determine endogenous concentrations of those compounds in microdialysates from the rat nucleus accumbens and will be very useful to further study on the pathophysiological functions of monoamine neurotramsmitters in vivo.     

蒙脱土修饰碳纤维电极的制备及其应用于活体测定脑神经递质

制备了蒙脱土修饰碳纤维电极,研究了其对神经递质多巴胺(DA)及5羟色胺(5HT)的富集作用,以及对负电性的代谢产物3,4二羟基苯乙酸(DOPAC)、5羟吲哚乙酸(5HIAA)及脑内大量存在的抗坏血酸(AA)排斥性能.该电极具有很高的灵敏度、分辨率和抗干扰性,对DA的检测下限达16×10^-8mol/L,优于传统的Nafion修饰电极,对5HT的检测下限为1×10^-7mol/L.在动物活体分析中,使用该电极成功地检测了大鼠双侧颈总动脉结扎再灌损伤时,脑纹状体中神经递质DA浓度的变化.     

Improved method for the determination of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine in tissue using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.

A liquid chromatographic method with electrochemical detection is described for the determination of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) neurotoxins 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (5,6-DHT) and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) in rat brain tissue. This method has also been used for the determination of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, homovanillic acid and 5-HT in other tissue samples. The method is based on extraction of the indoles from brain samples with perchloric acid followed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. The detection limit is 1 ng per 100 mg of tissue. This paper describes a quick and reliable method of assaying the 5-HT neurotoxins 5,6-DHT and 5,7-DHT in brain tissue, which is improved compared to currently available assays.     

Development of a 6-hydroxychroman-based derivatization reagent: application to the analysis of 5-hydroxytryptamine and catecholamines by using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection

We developed a novel derivatization reagent, (2R)-2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-6-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)chroman-2-carboxylate (NPCA), for electrochemical (EC) detection in HPLC. NPCA was synthesized from (R)-(+)-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (alpha-CA), which exhibits intense EC response. NPCA successfully yielded alpha-CA derivatives of primary amines by a two-step derivatization procedure. Following pre-column derivatization with NPCA, a simultaneous determination of alpha-CA derivatives of neuroactive monoamines [dopamine (DA), epinephrine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)], their monoamine oxidase metabolites (3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid, and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid) and their catechol-O-methyltransferase metabolites [3-methoxytyramine (3-MT) and normetanephrine (NMN)] was completely achieved using our HPLC-EC method. Using an HPLC equipped with coulometric electrode-array detection system, the resultant alpha-CA derivatives of NMN, 5-HT, DA and 3-MT showed intense EC responses, that were approximately 1.3, 1.4, 1.1 and 1.4-fold higher than the corresponding native forms, respectively. The detection limits were in the range of approximately 16-60 fmol on column (signal-to-noise ratio 3). The proposed HPLC method was applied to determine 5-HIAA, HVA, alpha-CA-5-HT and alpha-CA-DA in rat urine. As a consequence, these analytes were successfully determined with satisfactory precisions.     

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 4-amino-5-chloro-N-(1,4-dialkylhexahydro-1,4-diazepin-6-yl)-2-methoxybenzamide derivatives,novel and potent serotonin 5-HT3 and dopamine D2 receptors dual antagonist

In search of a dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT3 receptors dual antagonist as a potential broad antiemetic agent, a number of benzamides were prepared from 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid derivatives and 6-amino-1,4-dialkylhexahydro-1,4-diazepines and evaluated for their binding affinity for the dopamine D2 and the serotonin 5-HT3 receptors using rat brain synaptic and rat cortical membranes, respectively. From the results of both in vitro receptor binding and in vivo biological assays for the dopamine D2 receptor, 1-ethyl-4-methylhexahydro-1,4-diazepine ring was selected as an optimum amine moiety. Introduction of one methyl group on the nitrogen atom at the 4-position and/or modification of the substituent at the 5-position of the 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl moiety caused a marked increase in the dopamine D2 receptor binding affinity along with a potent 5-HT3 receptor binding affinity. Among the compounds, 5-chloro-N-(1-ethyl-4-methylhexahydro-1,4-diazepin-6-yl)-2-methoxy-4-methylaminobenzamide (82), 5-bromo (110), and 5-iodo (112) analogues exhibited a much higher affinity for the dopamine D2 receptor than that of metoclopramide (IC50=17.5-61.0 nM vs. 483 nM). In particular, 82 showed a potent antagonistic activity for both receptors in vivo tests. Optical resolution of the racemate 82 brought about a dramatic change in the pharmacological profile with the (R)-enantiomer exhibiting a strong affinity for both the dopamine D2 and the 5-HT3 receptors, while the corresponding (S)-enantiomer had a potent and selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor binding affinity.     

In vivo microdialysis determination of collagen-induced serotonin release in rat blood

We developed a sensitive microbore HPLC method coupled with an on-line microdialysis system to simultaneously measure endogenous 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin; 5-HT) and its major metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the rat blood in vivo. A dialysis tube was placed in the right jugular vein. The validity of the procedure is demonstrated because analysis of the aggregating agents, collagen (I mg/kg) plus epinephrine (0.3 mg/kg) after intravenous injection, showed that they induced an increase in 5-HT and 5-HIAA levels in the jugular vein of the rat.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法定量分析尿液中色氨酸及其代谢产物

基于超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)建立定量分析色氨酸(Trp)及代谢产物3-OH-犬尿氨酸(3-OH-Kyn)、3-OH-邻氨基苯甲酸(3-OH-AA)、黄尿酸(XA)、犬尿氨酸(Kyn)、5-羟基吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA)、犬尿喹啉酸(KA)和5-羟色胺(5-HT)的方法,应用该方法分析其在尿样中的含量,探讨排泄规律。将尿样稀释、离心后,加入丹磺酰氯(DNS-Cl)衍生,经Thermo C₁₈色谱柱(50 mm×3 mm, 2.7 μm)分离和0.1%甲酸和甲醇梯度洗脱后,采用电喷雾电离(ESI)源,在正离子扫描和多反应监测(MRM)模式下检测。以咖啡酸(CA)为内标,定量分析。结果显示,8种目标化合物的线性关系良好,相关系数(R ²)≥0.9740,检测灵敏(LOD为0.005~0.5 ng/mL),回收率高(93.24%~107.65%)。采用本方法检测分析了健康志愿者70个尿液样本,在尿样中检测到Trp原型及其7种代谢产物。结果表明,体内的Trp是通过原型和代谢两种方式排泄:Trp原型的含量为5.22~20.88 μg/mL;尿液中经代谢后排泄的Trp量是原型的124%~268%,即体内的Trp主要经代谢后排出体外。方法主要研究了Trp-5-HT和Trp-Kyn两条途径的代谢产物含量,Trp经Kyn降解生成的3-OH-AA和3-OH-Kyn含量较多,即Trp-Kyn是体内Trp的主要代谢途径。方法通过UPLC-MS/MS实现了尿液中Trp及其代谢产物含量的检测,能为临床检查提供技术和理论支持。