基于天然小分子化合物的超分子手性自组装

超分子手性普遍存在于自然界和生命体内,可通过分子在非共价键作用下有序排列形成,对生命科学、药物化学及材料科学的发展起着重要的作用。天然产物来源广泛,具有独特的立体结构和多手性中心,由于其分子手性可以在组装过程中随着分子的有序堆积得到传递和放大,形成超分子手性结构,因此是一类优良的超分子手性构筑基元。研究天然产物的手性自组装,不仅可以拓展其在超分子化学中的应用,还能深化人们对自然界和生命体中手性现象的理解。本文总结了近年来甾体、三萜、氨基酸、糖等天然产物小分子化合物在超分子手性自组装方面的研究进展及其未来的发展前景。     

基于氢键的自组装超分子体系

氢键自组装超分子是超分子体系中相对较新颖和引入注意的领域，它在化学和生物体系中占据非常重要的位置。本文主要介绍目前文献报道的一系列由不同氢键缔合方式形成的自组装超分子。     

一维超分子体系的研究进展

超分子化学是一个新兴领域,但现今对形成超分子体系所需要的超分子非共价键作用力的理解还不是很全面。文章介绍了几个典型的通过金属配位作用、氢键、π-π堆积、疏水作用和多个非共价键共同作用等自组装的一维超分子体系,以期为超分子的设计提供理论依据。     

肽超分子自组装:结构调控和功能化

生物分子自组装对生物体有重要意义,利用生物分子构筑具有功能性的有序组装体一直是人们关注的焦点.肽分子是一类重要的组装基元,肽的超分子自组装可形成多种纳米或微米尺度的结构,并可应用于能源、医药等领域.如何实现肽自组装结构的精准调控以及精准调控肽自组装实现功能化,是目前该领域面临的新挑战.肽的自组装是基于非共价键力的协同作用实现的,通过各种因素调节这些非共价键力的作用,是实现自组装结构调控和功能化的关键.虽然自组装结构调控可以通过改变外部环境调控,但是通过精确分子设计、组装基元分子间的相互作用调控可以更好地实现结构的精准调控;并有利于进一步通过引入功能性分子作为组装基元,实现自组装体的功能化.本文将针对肽自组装体的结构调控以及功能化两个方面对相关研究进行综述.     

基于氢键的自组装超分子体系

氢键自组装超分子是超分子体系中相对较新颖和引人注意的领域,它在化学和生物体系中占据非常重要的位置。本文主要介绍目前文献报道的一系列由不同氢键缔合方式形成的自组装超分子。     

中国超分子聚合物的研究与动态

超分子聚合物是高分子科学与超分子科学交叉的研究方向.超分子聚合物的研究在中国引起了学术界的广泛兴趣,中国的学者们对推动此研究领域的发展做出了贡献,并在新的超分子聚合方法、可控超分子聚合以及功能超分子聚合物等方面取得了一系列重要的创新成果.本文总结和评述了中国超分子聚合物的研究与动态,并展望了超分子聚合物化学、超分子聚合物物理、超分子聚合物表征及功能超分子聚合物的未来发展.     

金属卟啉配合物超分子自组装

介绍了金属卟啉配合物超分子自组装的基本方法和电子给-受体仿生超分子的研究；对金属卟啉配合物超分子自组装研究的发展方向进行了探讨。     

基于芳香分子-糖类手性超分子组装体及功能

手性超分子组装体广泛存在于自然界中,因其在材料、化学和生物学等领域广阔的应用前景,引起了科学家们极大的兴趣。其中以糖类分子作为手性源,经分子自组装构筑手性超分子组装体的研究已成为超分子化学领域的研究热点之一。本文综述了基于糖类修饰的苝酰亚胺分子、偶氮苯分子、联苯类分子和卟啉类分子等芳香分子化合物经自组装构筑的手性超分子组装体,介绍了其在有机溶剂和水的混合溶剂、水中的凝胶性质,超分子手性特征和功能,糖分子类型与超分子组装体手性间的关系等,并对基于糖类的手性超分子组装体的前景进行了展望。     

超分子聚集体构筑单元的分子设计及其自组装研究进展

超分子聚集体因有着丰富的形貌和多样化的功能,并具有良好的可调控性,而备受广大超分子科学家的关注。不同结构的超分子聚集体在新材料开发、药物传输、生物成像和医疗卫生等领域均有着极其重要的研究价值和应用前景。基于在不同领域中超分子聚集体的应用特点,其自组装构筑单元的设计方法也有着诸多的选择,如何高效地设计并制备有价值的超分子体系构筑单元已经成为超分子化学研究的一个重要课题。基于超分子聚集体自组装过程的影响因素,对超分子聚集体构筑单元的主要设计方法和思路进行了总结和分析,为后续不同体系超分子聚集体构筑单元的设计及其自组装过程的相关研究提供重要的参考。     

手性超分子组装研究进展

介绍了超分子手性的基本构筑方式及其特点,分别从手性分子组装、手性分子诱导非手性分子及非手性分子组装等3个方面对最近几年来在手性超分子组装领域内的重要成果及最新进展进行了综述,并对这一领域的发展前景作了展望。     

Influence of Ester versus Amide Linkers on the Supramolecular Polymerization Mechanisms of Planar BODIPY Dyes

We report the H‐type supramolecular polymerization of two new hydrophobic BODIPY derivatives equipped with ester and amide linkages. Whereas the ester‐containing BODIPY derivative undergoes an isodesmic supramolecular polymerization in which the monomers are parallel‐oriented, the replacement of the ester by amide groups leads to a highly cooperative self‐assembly process into H‐type aggregates with a rotational displacement of the dye molecules within the stack. The dye organization imposed by simultaneous π–π and hydrogen bonding interactions is the driving force for the cooperative supramolecular polymerization, whereas the absence of additional hydrogen bonds for the ester‐containing moiety does not suffice to induce cooperative phenomena.     

Self-Assembly in Natural and Unnatural Systems

Although there are no fundamental factors hindering the development of nanoscale structures, there is a growing realization that “engineering down” approaches, in other words a reduction in the size of structures generated by lithographic techniques below the present lower limit of roughly 1 μm, may become impractical. It has, therefore, become increasingly clear that only by the development of a fundamental understanding of the self-assembly of large-scale biological structures, which exist and function at and beyond the nanoscale, downwards, and the extension of our knowledge regarding the chemical syntheses of small-scale structures upwards, can the gap between the promise and the reality of nanosystems be closed. This kind of construction of nanoscale structures and nanosystems represents the so-called “bottom up” or “engineering up” approach to device fabrication. Significant progress can be made in the development of nanoscience by transferring concepts found in the biological world into the chemical arena. Central to this mission is the development of simple chemical systems capable of instructing their own organization into large aggregates of molecules through their mutual recognition properties. The precise programming of these recognition events, and hence the correct assembly of the growing superstructure, relies on a fundamental understanding and the practical exploitation of non-covalent bonding interactions between and within molecules. The science of supramolecular chemistry—chemistry beyond the molecule in its very broadest sense—has started to bridge the yawning gap between molecular and macro-molecular structures. By utilizing inter-actions as diverse as aromatic π–π stacking and metal–ligand coordination for the information source for assembly processes, chemists have, in the last decade, begun to use biological concepts such as self-assembly to construct nanoscale structures and superstructures with a variety of forms and functions. Here, we provide a flavor of how self-assembly operates in natural systems and can be harnessed in unnatural ones.     

有机共轭分子自组装方法

本文综述了有机共轭分子自组装方法的最新研究进展,从有机共轭分子的合成、自组装方法、光电性质及应用等方面进行了阐述,着重阐述了适用于有机共轭分子的各种自组装方法。认为它们的自组装在有机光电材料或器件方面具有广阔的应用前景及潜在的应用价值。     

A New Three-dimensional Supramolecular Polymer Built from Non-covalent Bonding Interactions

A new complex, [Ni2(L)4(H2O)8](1, L1 = 4-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)benzoic acid), has been hydrothermally prepared and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and PXRD. Complex 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 22.281(2), b = 7.3959(7), c = 24.978(3) ?, β = 90.876(10), V = 4115.6(7) ?3, Z = 8, C20H22N4O8Ni, Mr = 505.13, Dc = 1.630 g/cm3, μ = 1.001 mm-1, S = 1.080, F(000) = 2096, the final R = 0.452 and wR = 0.1152 for 9380 observed reflections(I 2σ(I)). The result of X-ray diffraction analysis revealed three different kinds of Ni(II) centre mononuclear molecules in the asymmetric unit. The independent mononuclear units are bridged to form a three-dimensional supramolecular polymer by extensive hydrogen bonds and C–H···π non-covalent bonding interactions.     

刚棒-线团分子的自组装研究进展

超分子化学领域的自组装研究是近年来研究的热点,对这种由一种或多种结构单元自发聚集而成具有一定尺寸和结构的过程研究已经取得了重大进展.以亲水基团和亲脂基团为主要构成单元的两亲性分子在自组装领域中的表现优异于其他分子,其亲水的刚性棒状基团和疏水的柔性线团基团通过不同方法共同构成了各种类型的刚柔两亲性分子,而在水溶液中自组装...     

基于中性芳环间电子供体-受体相互作用驱动的有机超分子组装

综述了近年来中性单体分子之间的供体-受体相互作用在超分子自组装研究中的应用.首先介绍了应用广泛的典型中性芳环富电子和缺电子体系的种类,然后重点介绍了DAB和DAN作为富电子单元,PDI和NDI作为缺电子单元的供体-受体相互作用在互相锁链的超分子体系,非天然分子折叠体和二聚体组装方面的应用进展.     

Supramolecular Chemistry of Sumanene

Sumanene is a buckybowl molecule that is continuously attracting the attention of the scientific community because of its unique geometrical and physicochemical properties. This Minireview systematically summarizes advances and considerations regarding the applied supramolecular chemistry of sumanene. This work highlights the major fields in which potential or real applications of sumanene molecule have been reported to date, such as the design of sumanene-containing functional supramolecular materials and architectures, sumanene-based drug-delivery systems, or sumanene-tethered ion-selective molecular receptors. An assessment of the current status in the applied supramolecular chemistry of sumanene is provided, together with an emphasis on the key advances being made. Discussion on those milestones that are still to be achieved within this emerging field is also provided.