P改性NiW/γ-Al2O3的低温焦油芳烃组分加氢性能研究

以γ-Al₂O₃为载体,采用浸渍法制备了不同P添加量的负载型NiW加氢催化剂,采用固定床加氢装置,对模型化合物萘和低温焦油富集的芳烃组分进行了催化加氢。催化剂采用N₂吸附、XRD、H₂-TPR、XPS以及NH₃-TPD的方法进行表征,加氢产物采用GC-MS和GC×GC-TOFMS进行分析。结果表明,P助剂能够扩大催化剂的孔径并促进活性金属组分在载体表面的分散;当P含量为1.0%~1.5%时,能够促进Ni-W-O混合相生成,并提高催化剂表面弱酸的含量;萘加氢反应的转化率和十氢萘的选择性也在添加1.0%的P时达到最高,分别为80%和50%左右;低温焦油芳烃组分的催化加氢结果显示,芳烃饱和加氢反应占优,绝大部分芳烃转化为环烷烃,且催化剂具有显著的脱除杂原子效果。     

Ni基催化剂在邻甲酚原位加氢反应中的催化性能

采用等体积浸渍法制备了一系列负载型Ni基催化剂,利用XRD、H2-TPR、NH3-TPD 等技术表征了催化剂的理化特性,考察了载体（CMK-3、SiO2ZrO2、MgO、Al2O3）、助剂（Cu、Ce、Fe）对Ni基催化剂理化特性的影响,测试了230 oC、0.1 MPa冷压下催化剂对邻甲酚原位加氢反应的性能．结果表明,在负载型镍基催化剂作用下,甲醇水相重整制氢反应可以与邻甲酚的原位加氢反应相耦合;以CMK-3为载体的催化剂活性明显优于其他三种载体,邻甲酚的转化率为45.35%;助剂的添加对催化剂性能影响显著,Fe 的引入使原位加氢体系的转化率降至40.49%,助剂Ce、Cu的加入提高了Ni/CMK-3催化剂的原位加氢反应性能,转化率分别提高至64.6%、66.8%,Cu的添加改变了产物的分布,在产物中出现了新产物甲苯;同时探讨原位加氢反应路径及反应机理．     

γ-Mo_2N催化剂上的乙炔选择加氢

采用固定床连续流动反应器对γ Mo2 N催化剂上的乙炔加氢反应进行了研究 .在 15 0℃的反应温度下 ,乙炔的转化率为 95 % ,乙烯的选择性达到 80 % ,乙烷和丁烯的选择性分别为 4%和 10 % .反应温度和空速的变化对反应产物的选择性没有明显的影响 .在同样的反应条件下 ,钯催化剂上乙炔加氢反应的主要产物是乙烷 ,产物组成随反应温度和空速的变化而变化 .对γ Mo2 N上的乙炔选择加氢生成乙烯的机制进行了解释 ,认为γ Mo2 N表面上滞留的强吸附的碳氢物种可能有利于乙炔高选择性地生成乙烯 .     

NiWS/γ-Al2O3催化剂上吲哚加氢脱氮反应:H2S和喹啉的影响

在连续固定床微反装置上考察了吲哚（IND）和1,2-二氢吲哚（HIN）在NiWS/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂上加氢脱氮（HDN）的反应以及 H₂S和喹啉（Q）对其加氢脱氮反应的影响。结果表明,碱性含氮化合物HIN较吲哚对其自身的加氢脱氮反应抑制作用更为明显。H₂S能够促进HIN的C（sp³）－N断裂,但抑制了邻乙基苯胺（OEA）的 C（sp²）－N断裂;同时吲哚加氢反应途径也受到了抑制。喹啉的添加严重降低了吲哚加氢脱氮反应的转化率和脱氮率;喹啉对吲哚加氢反应和C－N键断裂反应均产生明显的抑制作用。喹啉的抑制作用主要源于喹啉及其中间产物1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉（THQ1）和5,6,7,8 -四氢喹啉（THQ5）与吲哚及其中间产物的竞争吸附。     

Pd组分的添加对Ni-B非晶态合金催化剂顺酐选择加氢制γ-丁内酯反应的影响

采用化学还原法制备了用于顺酐加氢的Pd-N i-B非晶态催化剂,考察了Pd含量,反应温度,反应时间对催化剂性能的影响;利用XRD,TEM,XPS,ICP等手段对催化剂进行了表征.结果发现,添加适量的Pd可以明显改善催化剂的加氢性能,在N i-Pd-B-3催化剂上,顺酐的转化率为100%,γ-丁内酯的收率为89.6%.催化剂中N i具有给电子效应,使Pd的表面呈富电子状态,有利于原料的吸附和产物的脱附.     

对苯二酚催化加氢制备1,4-环己二醇的研究

对Pt/C、Pd/C、Ru/C、Rh/C和Raney Ni几种催化剂,以及以钌为活性组分的催化剂载体如活性碳、SiO2、Al-MCM-41、ZSM-5、MgO、TiO2在对苯二酚加氢反应中的催化活性进行了比较.结果表明Ru/C催化剂的催化活性和对目的产物的选择性最好.对Ru/C催化剂催化对苯二酚加氢反应的反应条件如反应温度,氢气压力,反应溶剂,反应时间等对反应转化率和产物选择性的影响进行了讨论.反应的适宜条件为:反应物和催化剂的物质量比为367∶1,温度为150℃、氢气压力5 MPa,乙醇为溶剂,反应时间2 h.在此反应条件下,对苯二酚的转化率为98.8%,目的产物1,4-环己二醇的选择性为77.7%.并根据产物随时间的变化规律对该反应路径进行了分析.     

无定形硅铝改性TiO2负载Ru催化加氢解聚二苯醚的研究（英文）

采用蒸汽辅助法合成了无定形硅铝（ASA）-TiO₂复合载体，并在此基础上制备了双功能催化剂Ru₅/ASA-TiO₂。利用X-射线衍射（XRD）、吡啶吸附红外（Py-FTIR）、氨-程序升温脱附（NH3-TPD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）等手段对所制备催化剂的结构和酸性进行了详细表征。以二苯醚为褐煤模型化合物，在温和条件下考察了催化剂Ru₅/ASA-TiO₂加氢解聚4–O–5类型醚键的反应活性，二苯醚的转化率高于98%，苯收率为67.1%。弱Br?nsted酸和/或Lewis酸而非强Br?nsted酸是提高二苯醚的加氢解聚转化率和苯收率的主要因素，并且反应温度能够影响各类型酸的相对含量从而显著影响二苯醚加氢解聚产物的选择性。     

Ru/HY催化剂催化对苯二酚加氢研究

对苯二酚液相加氢制备1,4-环己二醇的途径环境友好,关键是研究高催化活性的催化剂来提高产物产率.我们以Ru/HY为催化剂用于对苯二酚加氢.用XRD,TEM对催化剂进行了表征,通过吡啶吸附红外对HY酸性的变化进行了讨论.对其反应条件进行了优化.结果表明3.0%Ru/HY的催化剂表现出高的活性,对苯二酚的转化率和1,4-环己二醇的选择性分别为96.5%和68.3%.我们还基于对Ru/HY催化剂结构的研究探讨并提出相应的反应机理.     

CoMoS/γ-Al2O3催化剂对麻疯树油加氢处理的研究

采用硫代硫酸铵器外预硫化制备CoMoS/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂,采用XRD、N₂物理吸附、NH₃-TPD、XRF等手段对催化剂进行表征,通过固定床微反装置研究其对麻疯树油加氢处理的性能。考察了硫化度、反应温度、氢气压力、反应时间对催化剂活性与催化产物分布的影响,并探讨了麻疯树油甘油三酯的反应路径。结果表明,硫化度为1的CoMoS₁/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂活性最佳,在温度360℃、氢气压力3 MPa条件下,对麻疯树油转化率为96.3%,产物主要成分C_15~18正构烷烃收率为75.6%,比相同条件下非硫化CoMo/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂的转化率提高36.9%。反应温度升至420℃时,CoMoS₁/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂对麻疯树油转化率达100%,产物中无含氧物。麻疯树油加氢处理过程中,增大硫化度和反应温度、减小氢气压力有利于甘油三酯发生加氢脱羧、脱羰反应。     

Ni-Mo/Al_2O_3催化剂上硫转移反应的研究

制备了以γ-Al2O3为载体的Ni-Mo催化剂,并用于FCC汽油的加氢硫转移反应。对Ni-Mo/Al2O3催化剂上的硫转移反应机理进行了研究,考察了不同反应条件对硫转移反应的影响。实验结果表明,硫醇与烯烃的反应在催化剂表面的加氢活性位上进行,小分子的硫醇发生加氢脱硫,生成吸附态H2S,吸附态的H2S与烯烃反应,生成大分子硫醇和硫醚;另外小分子硫醇还可直接与烯烃发生反应,生成硫醚。提高反应温度、压力、氢油比或降低空速,均可提高催化剂的硫转移反应活性,轻质硫转化率得到明显提高,且单烯选择性还能维持在98%左右。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.