激光二极管侧抽运双棒串接准连续Nd∶YAG高功率绿光激光器

研制一台激光二极管(LD)侧面抽运双棒串接准连续Nd∶YAG折叠腔高功率绿光激光器,理论分析了热致双折射效应对系统的影响,并对用石英旋转片补偿前后的情况进行模拟对比。在考虑了补偿后的情况下设计了热稳定谐振腔。实验中采用两个串接的由30个20 W的LD阵列侧面抽运的Nd∶YAG棒和Ⅱ类临界相位匹配HGTR-KTP晶体,在抽运电流均为21.6 A,重复频率为27.2 kHz时,获得了最大平均输出功率为164 W,脉冲宽度为130 ns的532 nm绿光输出,光-光转换效率为13.7%,测得光束质量因子为M2x=9.52, M2y=9.86,不稳定度为2.3％。实验结果显示,经补偿后的激光系统能在宽的稳区范围内稳定运转。     

A novel approach for compensation of birefringence in cylindrical Nd: YAG rods

A new concept for compensation of birefringence in solid-state rod lasers is presented. The basic idea of our approach is the simultaneous use of an in-cavity polarization rotator and an imaging optical system between the two passes through the laser rod. The theoretical analysis based on matrix optics shows that perfect compensation for the birefringence and bifocusing in laser rods is possible for a large pumping range. Experimental results with two Nd:YAG rods are also presented. The measured depolarization loss per transit for a test beam at 0.63 m is less than 5% for pumping power up to 6kW per rod. This would allow efficient generation of high-power TEM₀₀ mode and linearly polarized multimode output power from Nd:YAG oscillators in rod geometry.     

High-Sensitivity Two-Dimensional Observation of Thermal Birefringence Compensation in Laser-Diode Pumped Nd: Glass Laser Rods

We measured the two-dimensional birefringence compensation in laser-diode (LD) pumped Nd:glass (HAP4) laser rods with a high-sensitivity polarimeter. The compensation was performed by inserting a 90° quartz rotator between two identical LD pumped Nd:glass rods with conductive cooling. A considerable reduction of birefringence loss from 9.8% to less than 0.9% after compensation was observed.     

High-energy, spatially flat-top green pump laser by beam homogenization for petawatt scale Ti:sapphire laser systems

We have demonstrated that we can homogenize the spatial profile of a high-energy green laser pulse used for pumping a petawatt scale Ti:sapphire amplifier. The second harmonic of a high-energy, large aperture Nd:glass laser system generates laser emission at a green wavelength with 75 J single pulse energy. Using a diffractive optical element for beam homogenization, we have obtained a highly spatially uniform flat-top second harmonic profile.     

Lensing effects in Q-switched unstable laser cavities with side-pumped Nd:YAG and ruby crystal rods

We present a comprehensive numerical model that accounts for non-uniform pumping and a related thermal and electronic lensing effects in Q-switched unstable laser cavities. We study the influence of these effects on the output beam profile in Nd:YAG and ruby laser systems with side-pumped crystal rods. We also constructed both lasers to experimentally validate the numerical results and found very good agreement. The results show that both types of lensing effects are particularly detrimental in ruby, while they are insignificant in Nd:YAG.     

不同泵浦光下Nd:GdVO4晶体输出特性

为研究808 nm和879 nm两种泵浦光对Nd:GdVO4晶体激光输出特性的影响,并比较两种不同波长泵浦所得连续输出光的效率高低,分析了Nd:GdVO4晶体的能级结构和两种泵浦光作用下的激光输出特性,发现在879 nm也有较强的吸收峰.用808 nm和879 nm两种不同波长泵浦Nd:GdVO4晶体的过程是不同的,808 nm泵浦是一种间接方式能量转移的过程,在此过程中有明显的热负载产生.而879 nm泵浦是将粒子直接激励到激光辐射上能级,降低无辐射弛豫过程产生的热量.从理论上可知,879 nm的泵浦量子效率要高于808 nm的泵浦量子效率,对减少晶体的热产生有很强的优势.实验中采用激光二极管端面泵浦Nd:GdVO4晶体直腔方案,研究了两种不同泵浦光泵浦Nd:GdVO4晶体以获得1 063 nm的连续光,得到了两种光抽运时的斜效率,发现在同样实验条件下,879 nm泵浦的输出光斜效率在小功率泵浦时略高于808 nm|而在大功率泵浦的情况下明显高于808 nm,最高达到38%.同时,在808 nm抽运时,实验上获得了1 341 nm波长的激光,为光通讯的应用提供了一种光源.     

Absorption background and laser properties of YAP:Nd

YAP:Nd laser crystals suffer to a greater extent than YAG:Nd from colour centres formation. Stable brownish-yellow or green colourations are evoked by non-oxidizing treatment at high (>1500 °C) temperature. The former colouration may be attributed to holes in the oxygen neighbourhood of Y³⁺ at Al sites, the latter to the F⁺ centres. Brownish-red colouration of less stability is induced by optical pumping of Nd³⁺ containing crystals. It may be attributed to holes in oxygen neighbourhood of Nd³⁺.Dependences of the colourations on the preparation methods are described. YAP:Nd,Zr laser rods, oxygen annealing of which was followed by medium (1100–1400 °C) temperature treatment in vacuum or hydrogen showed no anomalous colouration and extremely low losses at Nd³⁺ emission wavelength independent of pumping power. Using such rods, an overall efficiency of 2·5% and a slope efficiency of 3·0% in CW lasers were reached.     

加长棒脉冲钕玻璃激光器异常实验现象理论研究

以激光原理为基础, 以大量精确的实验数据为依据;考虑被忽略的自发辐射的影响, 对加长到抽运腔外的钕玻璃棒, 未受到抽运, 反而产生光放大异常实验现象的机理进行了理论研究.理论研究结果与实验结果基本相符.     

钕玻璃片状放大器玻璃腔的概念设计

针对片状放大器片腔的洁净度问题,提出一种钕玻璃片状放大器玻璃腔的设计方案.选用滤紫外石英玻璃作为主框架的材料,对玻璃腔的结构和密封方案进行设计,并利用玻璃腔外表面镀金属材料的方式进行遮光.采用神光Ⅱ升级主放和100片状放大器进行不同腔体的洁净度对比试验,结果表明玻璃腔的洁净度较不锈钢腔提高了近70%.运用光学高级系统分析程序对玻璃腔进行光线追迹,其钕玻璃泵浦比例提高了8.84%.该方案不仅能减少腔内气溶胶的产生,还能提高钕玻璃泵浦比例.     

激光二极管泵浦Nd：YVO4晶体的高效内腔倍频绿光激光器研究

对两种Ｎｄ：ＹＶＯ４晶体的内腔倍频特性进行了研究和实验对比，Ⅱ号晶体的倍频效率比Ｉ号晶体提高一倍，斜率效率达到３１％。此外，用１Ｗ国产半导体二极管泵浦一块浓度２％的晶体，其最高输出绿光达１０８ｍＷ，降低输入泵浦功率，单频绿光功率大于１０ｍＷ。     

Measurement of the figure of merit of indigenously developed Nd-doped phosphate laser glass rods for use in high power lasers

High energy, high power (HEHP) Nd:glass laser systems are used for inertial confinement fusion and equation of state (EOS) studies of materials at high temperature and pressure. A program has been undertaken for the indigenous development of Nd-doped phosphate laser glass rods and discs for HEHP lasers. In this paper, we report the characterization of the Nd-doped phosphate laser glass rods produced under this program and compare the indigenously developed laser glass to LHG-8 laser glass of M/s Hoya, Japan. We experimentally measured the values of the stimulated emission cross-section (σ) and coefficient of intensity-dependent refractive index (n ₂) and hence the figure of merit F = σ / n₂ of the indigenous phosphate laser glass rods. This value is found comparable to the reported value of identically doped Nd:glass rods.     

ZnO random laser spectra under nanosecond pumping

Spectra of ZnO random lasers were obtained using a Peltier-cooled CCD camera Videoscan-285 at a single shot of nanosecond pumping. It was demonstrated that these spectra differ essentially from lasing spectra under picosecond pumping: as a rule, the line widths are significantly larger and the spectra often change essentially from shot to shot in a random manner on the same pumping spot. We suggest that large line widths can be the result of many lasing acts appearing during a single pumping pulse and of the lasing frequency changing in every lasing act. The random variations of spectra from shot to shot can be called forth by spontaneous emission fluctuations.     

神光-Ⅱ装置三倍频实验中靶场单元技术的改进

 主要介绍为了满足神光-Ⅱ高功率激光装置三倍频光（351nm，3ω）的物理实验要求，靶场三倍频模拟光源和瞄准监视系统两个主要单元技术的改进，即三倍频模拟光源由基频光（1 053nm，3ω）通过腔外的KTP+BBO晶体倍频获得，再经八路分光系统和主激光耦合；瞄准监视系统由透射式光学系统改进为反射式光学系统，避免原系统存在较大的色差，提高瞄准精度。     

Recent advances on single photon sources based on single colloidal nanocrystals

Single colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are increasingly exploited as triggered sources of single photons. This review reports on recent results on single photon sources (SPS) based on colloidal quantum dots, whose size, shape and optical properties can be finely tuned by wet chemistry approach. First, we address the optical properties of different colloidal nanocrystals, such as dots, rods and dot in rods and their use as single photon sources will be discussed. Then, we describe different techniques for isolation and positioning single QDs, a major issue for fabrication of single photon sources, and various approaches for the embedding single nanocrystals inside microcavities. The insertion of single colloidal QDs in quantum confined optical systems allows one to improve their overall optical properties and performances in terms of efficiency, directionality, life time, and polarization control. Finally, electrical pumping of colloidal nanocrystals light emitting devices and of NC-based single photon sources is reviewed.     

Time resolved spectroscopy of picosecond laser pulses with the aid of optical Kerr effect photography

An extension of the transverse gating, focal plane, optical Kerr effect photographic technique has permitted the direct observation of a frequency sweep within single ≈ 10 psec duration 0.53 μ wavelength pulses derived from a mode-locked Nd: glass laser.     

阵列口径Nd：YAG片状激光器重复频率输出特性研究

 介绍了一种新型阵列口径的固体片状激光器的设计及初步实验，研究了其激光输出特性。激光器采用2×1阵列的以布儒斯特角放置的片状Nd:YAG激光头模块，并采用氙灯泵浦方式，由平均功率为60 kW电池组电源供电；电源采用大电流恒流放电，对输出放电进行可编程控制。实验得到32 J的单脉冲输出，小信号增益系数为0.047 5 cm^-1；泵浦单脉冲运行，脉宽为1~5 ms时，输出能量呈线性增长；当重复频率为20 Hz时，5 ms脉宽比1 ms脉宽输出功率下降30%，其原因是布儒斯特角结构存在时，由热应力引起的热致双折射损耗造成输出下降。     

高功率激光系统中B积分的研究

通过对非线性薛定谔方程的求解,数值模拟了高功率激光系统中钕玻璃的B积分传输规律,并理论分析了B积分对光脉冲的波形和频谱的影响,详细介绍了几种消除B积分影响的方法。这对高功率激光系统中光放大有一定指导意义。     

Pulse shape measurement by a non-collinear third-order correlation technique

A third-order correlator suitable for detailed shape measurements of picosecond laser pulses has been developed. The working principle in both the single shot and the scanning mode is based on detection of the phase-matched difference frequency non-collinear generated signal in a non-linear crystal. This third-order OPA correlator was applied for the characterization of the specifically shaped picosecond laser pulses from the MBI CPA Nd: glass laser system.     

Positive-branch unstable resonators with thermal lens compensation

In order to compensate for thermal lensing in Nd : YAG rod active media, placed in unstable resonators with a super-Gaussian reflectivity profile of the output mirror, a deformable thin glass plate was used as the rear mirror. Unstable resonators with a magnification of M = 1.8 and with one and two Nd : YAG rods inside were investigated. By a proper variation of the radius of the thin glass plate, the magnification of the resonator was maintained constant by varying the refractive powers of the rods. For compensated resonators, the output energy of the laser working at 10 Hz repetition rate and pump energies up to 50 J per pulse was close to those obtained for a 1 Hz repetition rate.     

多段阵列式钕玻璃放大器泵浦腔的光线追迹分析

采用光线追迹和蒙特卡罗法以及实验拟合数据，建立了多段钕玻璃放大器闪光灯泵浦腔的数值计算模型，模拟结果表明，光传输效率，储能密度分布和泵浦均匀性与泵浦腔几何形成有关，提出了一种新泵浦腔构形，它具有效率高，均匀性好和造价不很优点，本文所得结果对大尺寸多段阵列式钕玻璃的大器的设计有参考价值。