SiO2负载的后过渡金属配合物／三乙基铝催化乙烯聚合研究

将后过渡金属配合物{[2,6-ArN=C(Me)2C5H3N]FeCl2} ( Ar=2,6-iPr2C6H3) Ⅰ负载于SiO2上, 并与三乙基铝(AlEt3)组成催化剂体系并催化乙烯聚合. 考察了Al/Fe比(AlEt3/催化剂摩尔比)、聚合温度对催化剂活性、聚乙烯(PE)分子量、熔融温度以及结晶度的影响. 在Al/Fe比为750、聚合温度为40 ℃时, 催化剂活性达到7.07×105g PE·(mol Fe·h)-1. 实验所得聚合物的分子量为1.05×105～2.33×105 g/mol, 熔融温度高达132 ℃左右,结晶度在44.2%～77.8%之间.     

中性镍催化剂的研制及其对乙烯聚合反应的催化性能

 通过环己基氯与对位取代酚烷基化方法在酚的氧邻位引入高位阻的环己基,再经甲酰化、胺 缩合及配合制得两种新的中性镍配合物［O-(3-C6H11)(5-CH3)C6H2-o-C(H)∶N-2,6-(i-Pr)2C6H3］Ni(Ph3P)(Ph)和［O-(3-C6H11)(5-Cl)C6H2-o-C(H)∶N-2,6-(i-Pr)2C6H3］Ni(Ph 3P)(Ph). 在Ni(COD)2(COD环辛二烯)存在下,两种配合物均可有效地催化乙烯聚合反应,且后者的催化性能明显优于前者的催化性能. 两种配合物对温度很敏感,适宜的聚合温度是45～55 ℃. 随着乙烯压力的提高,催化剂的活性显著提高,聚合物的粘均分子量(Mη)显著增大,带支链的聚乙烯减少. 在n(Ni(COD)2)/n(cat)=3,V(PhCH3)=30 ml,p(C2H4)=1.2 MPa,θ=45 ℃和t=20 min的条件下,前者配合物的活性为3.62×105 g/(mol·h),聚乙烯的Mη=4.94×104; 后者配合物的活性为7.29×105 g/(mol·h),聚乙烯的Mη=7.16×104. 两种配合物添加极性物质后的活性顺序为: 乙醚＞四氢呋喃＞乙酸乙酯＞水＞乙醇. 其中,乙醚和四氢呋喃可使催化剂活性提高.     

3-烯丙基-5-氯水杨醛亚胺镍系催化剂催化乙烯聚合研究

合成了 3 烯丙基 5 氯水杨醛亚胺配体 ,并与trans [NiCl(Ph) (PPh3) 2 ]反应合成了配合物 (7) { [O (3 Allyl) (5 Cl)C6 H2 ortho C(H)N 2 ,6 C6 H3(i Pr) 2 ]Ni(Ph3P) (Ph) } ,以质谱 ,1 H NMR和元素分析对配体及配合物进行了表征 .在Ni(COD) 2 作助催化剂下能有效地催化乙烯聚合 .在 8 0 8× 10 5Pa的压力下 ,其最高活性可达 6 31× 10 5gPE (molNi·h) ,所得聚乙烯粘均分子量在 1 5 7× 10 4 ～ 4 34× 10 4 之间 .添加THF、乙酸乙酯、乙醚对催化聚合性能影响不显著 ,然而添加MMA则不仅没有共聚 ,相反严重降低了催化活性 .     

单茂钛/MAO体系催化乙烯/丙烯共聚合研究Ⅱ.乙烯/丙烯共聚物的核磁共振分析

用13C NMR测定了由单茂基钛化合物 /mMAO催化体系制备的乙烯 /丙烯共聚物大分子链的立体结构和单体序列分布 ,计算了单体的竞聚率r1=7 91± 0 0 6 ,r2 =0 135± 0 0 3 ,其乘积r1r2 ≈ 1.Fineman Ross计算得到的单体竞聚率与13C NMR测定值相近 ,即r1=7.94,r2 =0 .134,其乘积r1r2 =1 0 4.这表明共聚物是立构无规的 .共聚物经溶剂萃取后 ,乙醚可溶和己烷可溶两个级分中单体的序列分布和竞聚率略有不同 .乙醚可溶级分中丙烯链段稍长 ,而己烷可溶级分中乙烯链段稍长     

非茂钯催化剂催化乙烯/丙烯/ω-Cl-α-乙烯基单体三元共聚合的研究

本文探索了乙烯/丙烯/极性单体三元共聚物的合成方法.乙烯/丙烯/ω-Cl-α-乙烯基单体三元共聚物由于分子中引入了ω-Cl-α-乙烯基极性单体,改变了乙烯丙烯共聚物的化学惰性.我们采用催化剂Cat.L-Pd配位催化乙烯/丙烯/ω-Cl-α-乙烯基单体三元共聚合,合成了极性三元无规共聚物.探讨了催化剂结构、聚合条件对三元共聚合行为的影响,并优化了聚合条件.采用红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振碳谱(氢谱)(~(13)C(~1H)NMR)、示差扫描量热(DSC)和高温凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)等方法研究了共聚物的结构与性能.FTIR与~(13)C(~1H)NMR结果表明,催化剂Cat.L-Pd能够有效催化乙烯/丙烯/ω-Cl-α-乙烯基单体三元共聚合,共聚物中ω-氯代极性单体的插入量达3.6 mol%.极性单体不发生均聚合反应,但能够有效参与乙烯和丙烯的共聚合反应,形成三元无规共聚物.丙烯能够发生均聚合反应,但是不能形成聚丙烯长链段,主要发生乙烯与丙烯共聚合反应.乙烯最易发生聚合反应,并能够形成较长链段的聚乙烯.共聚物的Mw高于2×10~5g/mol.分子量分布在1.6～3.0,说明该类催化剂催化乙烯/丙烯/ω-Cl-α-乙烯基单体三元共聚合行为遵循单中心聚合机理.     

单茂钪催化乙烯与苯乙烯衍生物共聚合的研究

以(C5Me4Si Me3)Sc(CH2C6H4NMe2-o)2和[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]组成的单茂钪催化体系,考察了其催化不同取代基团苯乙烯衍生物均聚合以及与乙烯共聚合的性能.结果表明单茂钪催化体系可以催化对甲基苯乙烯和对乙烯苯基二甲基硅烷均聚合,高活性(106g聚合物(mol Sc)-1h-1)地获得高间规聚合物;催化二乙烯基苯和乙烯苯基-1-丁烯聚合会发生不同程度的交联反应.在1.01×105Pa乙烯压力下,单茂钪催化体系分别催化对甲基苯乙烯、对乙烯苯基二甲基硅烷与乙烯与共聚合,获得了组成和分子量可控的乙烯/对甲基苯乙烯、乙烯/对乙烯苯基二甲基硅烷共聚物,共聚合活性高达106g聚合物(mol Sc)-1h-1.通过1H-NMR、13CNMR、GPC和DSC对共聚物组成、结构和热性能进行了分析表征.结果表明,在1.01×105Pa乙烯压力下改变苯乙烯衍生物的用量,共聚物中对甲基苯乙烯或对乙烯苯基二甲基硅烷的摩尔含量可以在8 mol%~55 mol%间调控,共聚物含有间规聚对甲基苯乙烯嵌段或间规聚对乙烯苯基二甲基硅烷嵌段、聚乙烯嵌段和乙烯-苯乙烯衍生物的链接序列,共聚物分子量(Mn)可以在3×104~16×104间调控,共聚物具有约127℃的熔点.     

不饱和取代水杨醛亚胺镍的合成及其对乙烯聚合的催化性能

 合成了烯丙基对甲基水杨醛亚胺和环戊烯基对甲基水杨醛亚胺配体,并与trans-［NiCl(Ph)(PPh3)2］反应合成了配合物［O-(3-allyl)(5-CH3)C6H2-o-C(H)∶N-2,6-C6H3(i-Pr)2］Ni(PPh3)(Ph)和［O-(3-cyclopentenyl)(5-CH3)C6H2-o-C(H)∶N-2,6-C6H3(i-Pr)2］Ni(PPh3)(Ph),以MS,1H NMR和元素分析对配体及配合物进行了表征. 在Ni(COD)2(COD环辛二烯)助催化下成功地催化乙烯聚合,在808 kPa的压力下,前者配合物的最高活性可达265 kg/(mol·h),聚乙烯的粘均分子量在(0.95～3.85)×104间; 后者配合物的最高活性可达434 kg/(mol·h),聚乙烯的粘均分子量在(0.87～5.81)×104间. 添加THF,CH3COOEt和EtOEt对催化聚合性能无显著影响,添加甲基丙烯酸甲醇则不仅不发生共聚,相反严重降低了催化活性.     

新型双苯并环己酮芳亚胺镍(Ⅱ)催化降冰片烯与甲基丙烯酸丁酯共聚合

采用自制的新型双苯并环己酮芳亚胺镍催化剂双苯并环己酮-2,6-二甲基苯亚胺镍(Ⅱ)(Ni{C10H8(O)C[2,6-C6H3(CH3)2N]CH3}2,C1)和双苯并环己酮-2,6-二氯苯亚胺镍(Ⅱ)(Ni{C10H8(O)C[2,6-C6H3Cl2N]CH3}2,C2)与三五氟苯硼[B(C6F5)3]结合,在一定的反应条件下可高效催化降冰片烯(NB)与甲基丙烯酸正丁酯(n-BMA)的乙烯基加成共聚合.提出了催化聚合时存在的可能失活机理;研究了不同单体投料比对催化活性、产率及产物性能的影响.根据Kelen-Tüds方法分别估算出2种单体在不同催化体系下的竞聚率,即当催化体系为C1/B(C6F5)3时,竞聚率rn-BMA=0.02,rNB=16.28,rNB·rn-BMA=0.32;当催化体系为C2/B(C6F5)3时,rn-BMA=0.01,rNB=64.83,rNB·rn-BMA=0.65.结果表明,2种单体在2种体系催化下均为无规共聚合.     

三齿β-酮亚胺钒(Ⅲ)配合物的合成及其催化乙烯(共)聚合行为研究

合成了6种三齿β-酮亚胺钒(Ⅲ)配合物{[R)X(C_6H_4)N=CH(C_6H_5)NC_(10)H_7O]VCl_2(THF):2a,R=CH_3,X=S;2b,R=CF_3,X=S;2c,R=Ph,X=S;2d,R=~tBu,X=S;2e,R=Ph_2,X=P;2f,R=Ph,X=O},并对其结构进行了表征和证明.2a～2f在催化乙烯均聚及其与环烯烃共聚时表现出了较高的催化活性和较为优异的稳定性,所得聚合物的分子量均呈单峰分布.在催化乙烯与降冰片烯(NBE)共聚以及乙烯与外型-1,4,4a,9,9a,10-六氢-9,10(1′,2′)-桥苯亚基-1,4-桥亚甲基蒽(HBM)共聚时,部分催化剂表现出了"正共单体效应".催化所得乙烯/NBE共聚物的分子量为43.1～66.4 kg/mol,NBE单元含量为30.9 mol%～42.1mol%,玻璃化转变温度为84～105°C;乙烯/HBM共聚物的分子量为90.2～138 kg/mol,HBM单元含量为14.7 mol%～25.0 mol%,玻璃化转变温度为173～188°C.     

配体骨架烷基取代基对α-二亚胺镍催化乙烯聚合的影响

合成了4种α-二亚胺镍催化剂Ar—NC(R1)C(R2)N—ArNiBr2[Ar=2,6-dimethylphenyl,R1=CnH2n+1,R2=CmH2m+1;其中Cat1:m=1,n=1;Cat2:m=2,n=1;Cat3:m=3,n=1;Cat4:m=2,n=2],考察了聚合温度、催化剂浓度和催化剂配体骨架碳原子上烷基取代基对乙烯聚合反应活性、聚合物链结构和结晶性能的影响.实验发现,当配体骨架上烷基取代基R1和R2不同时,催化剂具有较高的活性,且聚合物分子量也较高;其中,Cat2和Cat3在20℃,乙烯常压和5.8mmol/L催化剂用量下,乙烯聚合活性达1.86×103kgPE/(molNi.h)和1.92×103kgPE/(molNi.h),聚合物分子量(Mw)达6.82×105和1.019×105.聚乙烯链结构分析表明,甲基支链在聚乙烯支链中占主导地位,支化度主要受反应温度的影响;同时还发现,配体骨架碳原子上烷基取代基不同的二亚胺镍催化合成聚乙烯的长支链比例相对较高,特别是在较高反应温度40℃下,己基及以上长支链比例明显增加.     

Scandium alkyl complex with phosphinimino-amine ligand: synthesis, structure and catalysis on ethylene polymerization

The THF-free scandium dialkyl complex LSc(CH(2)SiMe(3))(2) (L = (2,6-iPr(2)C(6)H(3))NC(Me)CHPPh(2)N(2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3))) bearing the phosphinimino-amine ligand was prepared, which under the activation of [Ph(3)C][B(C(6)F(5))(4)] initiated the polymerization of ethylene with high activity.     

Scandium half-metallocene-catalyzed syndiospecific styrene polymerization and styrene-ethylene copolymerization: unprecedented incorporation of syndiotactic styrene-styrene sequences in styrene-ethylene copolymers

On treatment with 1 equiv of [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4], the scandium half-sandwich bis(alkyl) complex (C5Me4SiMe3)Sc(CH2SiMe3)2(THF) showed extremely high activity (up to 1.36 x 104 kg of sPS/(mol Sc.h)) and syndiospecificity (rrrr > 99%) for the polymerization of styrene at room temperature in toluene. More remarkably, this catalyst system could also effect the syndiospecific copolymerization of styrene with ethylene to yield styrene-ethylene copolymers having syndiotactic styrene-styrene sequences. The styrene content in the copolymers could be easily controlled by changing the styrene feed and could reach higher than 80 mol %. This is the first example of formation of such types of styrene-ethylene copolymers, which are expected to show novel properties.     

DMAO-activated Rare-earth Metal Catalysts for Styrene and Its Derivative Polymerization

The catalytic performance of rare-earth metal dialkyl complexes in combination with DMAO(dry methylaluminoxane) is explored.In the presence of 60 equivalents of DMAO,the half-sandwich complex(C₁₃H₈ CH₂ Ph)Sc(CH₂ SiMe₃)₂(THF)(1) is inert for styrene polymerization,but(C₅ Me₄ Ph)Sc(CH₂ C₆ H₄ NMe₂-o)₂(2) converts 18% styrene into syndiotactic polystyrene.Und...     

Bis(imino)pyridine iron(II) alkyl cations for olefin polymerization

Treatment of the five-coordinate ferrous dialkyl complex, (iPrPDI)Fe(CH2SiMe3)2 (iPrPDI = ((2,6-CHMe2)2C6H3N=CMe)2C5H3N), with [PhMe2NH][BPh4] in the presence of diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran furnished the corresponding alkyl cations, where the donor ligand is coordinated in the basal plane of a distorted square pyramidal iron(II) alkyl cation. Performing the same reaction with the neutral Lewis acid, B(C6F5)3, induced methide abstraction from a silicon atom followed by rearrangement to afford the base free ferrous alkyl cation, [(iPrPDI)Fe(CH2SiMe2CH2SiMe3)][MeB(C6F5)3]. This complex is active for the polymerization of ethylene and yields polymers that are of higher molecular weight and narrower polydispersity than traditional methylalumoxane-activated catalysts.     

Metal versus ligand alkylation in the reactivity of the (bis-iminopyridinato)Fe catalyst

The alkylation of the Brookhart-Gibson {2,6-[2,6-(i-Pr)2PhN=C(CH3)]2(C5H3N)} FeCl2 precatalyst with 2 equiv of LiCH2Si(CH3)3 led to the isolation of several catalytically very active products depending on the reaction conditions. The expected dialkylated species {2,6-[2,6-(i-Pr)2PhN=C(CH3)]2}(C5H3N)Fe(CH2SiMe3)2 (2) was indeed the major component of the reaction mixture. However, other species in which alkylation occurred at the pyridine ring ortho position, {2,6-[2,6-(i-Pr)2PhN=C(CH3)]2-2-CH2SiMe3}(C5H3N)Fe(CH2SiMe3) (1), and at the imine C atom, {2-[2,6-(i-Pr)2PhN=C(CH3)]-6-[2,6-(i-Pr)2PhNC(CH3)(CH2 SiMe3)](C5H3N)}Fe(CH2SiMe3) (3), have also been isolated and fully characterized. In addition, deprotonation of the methyl-imino functions and formation of a new divalent Fe catalyst {[2,6-[2,6-(i-Pr)2PhN-C=(CH2)]2(C5H3N)}Fe(mu-Cl)Li(THF)3 (4) also occurred depending on the reaction conditions. In turn, the formation of 4 might trigger the reductive coupling of two units through the methyl-carbon wings. This process resulted in the one-electron reduction of the metal center, affording a dinuclear Fe(I) alkyl catalyst {[{[2,6-(i-Pr)2C6H5]N=C(CH3)}(C5H3N){[2,6-(i-Pr)26H5]N=CCH2}Fe(CH2SiMe3)]}2 (5). Different from other metal derivatives, complex 5 could not be prepared from the monodeprotonated version of the ligand. Its reaction with a mixture of FeCl2 and RLi afforded instead [{2,6-[2,6-(i-Pr)2PhN-C=(CH2)]2(C5H3N)}FeCH2Si(CH3)3][Li(THF)4] (6) which is also catalytically active. All of these high-spin species have been shown to have high catalytic activity for olefin polymerization, producing polymers of two distinct natures, depending on the formal oxidation state of the metal center.     

Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity of rare earth metal amides supported by a diamido ligand with a CH2SiMe2 link

A series of four coordinate rare earth metal amides with general formula ((CH2SiMe2)[(2,6- IPr2C6H3)N]2)LnN(SiMe3)2(THF) [(Ln = Yb(2), Y (3), Dy (4), Sm (5), Nd (6)] containing a diamido ligand (CH2SiMe2)[(2,6-iPr2C6H3)N]2(2-) with a CH2SiMe2 link were synthesized in good yields via reaction of [(Me3Si)2N]3Ln(III)(mu-Cl)Li(THF)3 with the corresponding diamine (CH2SiMe2)[(2,6-iPr2C6H3)NH]2 (1). All compounds were fully characterized by spectroscopic methods and elemental analyses. The structures of complexes 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 were determined by single-crystal X-ray analyses. Investigation of the catalytic properties of the complexes indicated that all complexes exhibited a high catalytic activity on the cyclotrimerization of aromatic isocyanates, which represents the first example of cyclopentadienyl-free rare earth metal complexes exhibiting a high catalytic activity and a high selectivity on cyclotrimerization of aromatic isocyanates. The temperatures, solvents, catalyst loading, and the rare earth metal effects on the catalytic activities of the complexes were examined.     

Highly trans-1,4 selective (co-)polymerization of butadiene and isoprene with quinolyl anilido rare earth metal bis(alkyl) precursors

The N-R-quinolinyl-8-amino ligands HL(1-3) (R = 2,6-(i)Pr(2)C(6)H(3) (HL(1)), 2,6-Et(2)C(6)H(3) (HL(2)), 2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3) (HL(3))) have been prepared, which reacted readily with one equiv. of rare earth metal tris(alkyl)s to afford the corresponding bis(alkyl) complexes L(1)Y(CH(2)SiMe(3))(2)(THF) (1) and L(1-3)Lu(CH(2)SiMe(3))(2)(THF) (2-4) via alkane elimination. Contrastingly, treatment of the in situ generated neodymium tri(alkyl)s with HL(1) afforded a mono(alkyl) neodymium complex (5). Complexes 1, 2 and 5 in combination with aluminium alkyls and organoborates established homogenous ternary systems that exhibited versatile catalytic activities and trans-1,4 selectivities for the polymerization of butadiene, depending on the types of aluminium alkyl, organoborate and rare earth metal used. Furthermore, the trans-1,4 selective copolymerization of butadiene and isoprene was achieved by using the ternary system of 1/AlMe(3)/[Ph(3)C][B(C(6)F(5))(4)]. Both the kinetics of copolymerization and the thermal behavior of the copolymers were investigated.     

Synthetic and structural experiments on yttrium, cerium and magnesium trimethylsilylmethyls and their reaction products with nitriles; with a note on two cerium beta-diketiminates

The yttrium, cerium and magnesium bis(trimethylsilyl)methyls [Ln[CH(SiMe3)2]3][Ln = Y (1), Ce (2)], and the known compound Mg[[CH(SiMe3)2]2 (C) and [Mg(mu-Br)[CH(SiMe3)2](OEt2)]2 (D) formed the crystalline nitrile adducts [1(NCBut)2] (5), [2(NCPh)] (6), [C(NCR)2][R = But (8), Ph (9), C6H3Me2-2,6 (10)] and [Mg(mu-Br)[CH(SiMe3)2](NCR)]2 [R = But (11), Ph (12), C6H3Me2-2,6 (13)], rather than beta-diketiminato-metal insertion products. The beta-diketiminato-cerium complex [Ce[(N(SiMe3)C(C6H4But-4))2CH][N(SiMe3)2]2] (16) was obtained from [Ce[N(SiMe3)2]3] and the beta-diketimine H[[N(SiMe3)C(C6H4But-4)]2CH]]. The cerium alkyl 2 and [Ln[CH(SiMe3)(SiMe2OMe)]3][Ln = Y (3), Ce (4)] were obtained from the appropriate lithium alkyl precursor and [Ce(OC6H2But2-2,6-Me-4)3] or LnCl3, respectively. Heating complex 3 with benzonitrile in toluene afforded 2,2-dimethyl-4,6-diphenyl-5-trimethylsilyl-1,3-diaza-2-silahexa-1,3-diene (7), a member of a new class of heterocycles. The X-ray structures of the crystalline compounds, D, [Mg[CH(SiMe3)2]2(OEt2)2], the known [Ce(Cl)[(N(SiMe3)C(Ph))2CH]2] (E) and 16 are reported. The cerium alkyl (like 1) has one close Ce...C contact for each ligand, attributed to a gamma-C-Ce agostic interaction. The Ln alkyls and have a trigonal prismatic arrangement of the chelating ligands (each of the same chirality at Calpha) around the metal. In an arene solution at 313 K exists as two isomers, as evident from detailed NMR spectroscopic experiments.