单独和合用硒化壳聚糖与阿霉素对K562细胞作用的研究

应用MTT法和AO／EB荧光染色法观察单独和合用硒化壳聚糖与阿霉素对K562细胞株的影响,结果发现硒化壳聚糖和阿霉素均可有效地抑制K562细胞生长。且两药联合使用效果更佳。硒化壳聚糖可诱导细胞凋亡。两药合用诱导细胞凋亡效果更好。     

高效液相色谱法测定血浆中表阿霉素浓度

报道了高效液相色谱法测定血浆中表阿霉素浓度的实验方法。采用μＢｏｎｄａｐａｋＣ＿（１８）色谱柱,正磷酸、甲醇、乙腈、异丙醇为流动相。荧光检测器检测,激发波长为４５０ｎｍ,发射波长为５３０ｎｍ。血浆经离心后,取血清,用甲醇沉淀蛋白。方法的平均相对回收率为９９．４％±４．６％,日内和日间平均ＲＳＤ小于５％和６％。最低检测限为３ｎｇ。本方法快速、准确,灵敏度高。     

一种液相色谱分离与质谱鉴定白血病K562细胞蛋白的方法

分别通过3种色谱模式:反相高效液相色谱(RPLC)、弱阴离子交换-反相高效液相色谱(WAX-RPLC)和排阻-反相高效液相色谱(SEC-RPLC)对K562细胞的蛋白质进行分离,收集的色谱馏分采用基质辅助电离解析时间飞行质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)进行鉴定后,比较所获得的蛋白质数据.结果显示:当选择SEC-RPLC模式构建K562细胞蛋白质图谱时,检测到的蛋白质数目最多,信息最为全面.此法的建立为白血病的临床研究提供了一种有效的手段.     

肿瘤细胞中长春新碱的高效液相色谱法测定

长春新碱（ＶＣＲ）为重要和常用抗肿瘤药物之一。肿瘤细胞耐药性是导致化疗失败的主要原因。为了筛选耐药细胞的逆转剂,建立了测定肿瘤细胞内ＶＣＲ浓度的高效液相色谱法,色谱条件为：Ｚｏｒｂａｘ－ＯＤＳ反相柱２５ｃｍ×４．６ｍｍｉ．ｄ．,流动相：０．０２ｍｏｌ／ＬＫ２ＨＰＯ４（ｐＨ６．６）∶ＣＨ３ＯＨ（２０∶８０,Ｖ／Ｖ）,流速：１．０ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ,检测波长：２６７ｎｍ。方法简单、快速、选择性好,在１０～２００ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内ＶＣＲ浓度－峰高呈良好的线性关系（ｒ＝０．９９９８）,仪器灵敏度为４ｎｇ。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定肿瘤细胞mRNA中12种正常核苷和修饰核苷

建立了一种肿瘤细胞mRNA中12种正常核苷和修饰核苷的分析方法。肿瘤细胞样品经总RNA提取、mRNA纯化和mRNA水解后,加入8-溴鸟苷(8Br-G)为内标,以0.1%甲酸水溶液和0.1%甲酸甲醇溶液为流动相,采用Agilent RRHD SB-C18(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.8 μm)色谱柱进行分离,电喷雾电离源正离子扫描(ESI+),多反应监测(MRM)模式检测。该方法符合方法学验证要求,12种正常核苷和修饰核苷在一定浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均大于0.99,定量下限(LOQ)为0.17~3.13 ng/mL,检出限(LOD)为0.08~1.56 ng/mL。将建立的方法应用于人鼻咽癌5-8F细胞系、人宫颈癌Hela细胞系和人胚肾上皮293T细胞系,成功地检测出多种修饰核苷水平。该方法细胞用量少(每样品2×106个),分析时间短(每样品6　min),灵敏度高,可为癌症研究和临床诊断等提供一种有效的分析方法。     

三维荧光光谱结合二阶校正方法测定细胞培养基中阿霉素的含量

本文采用交替三线性分解(ATLD)和交替归一加权残差三线性分解(ANWE)两种二阶校正方法结合激发发射矩阵荧光光谱对完全不经任何预处理的细胞培养基中的阿霉素进行简单、快速、直接的定量测定.当算法选取组分数为2时,解析得到细胞培养基中阿霉素的平均回收率分别为(100.5±1.8)%和(100.3±1.9)%.在细胞培养基中加入烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADH)、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(NADPH)、黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸(FAD)和黄素单核苷酸(FMN)四种细胞内的自发荧光物后,选取组分数为4时,解析得到细胞培养基中阿霉素的平均回收率分别为(99.1±2.9)%和(99.2±3.1)%.结果表明该分析方法能够准确、快速地直接测定细胞培养基中阿霉素的含量,并且在模拟细胞内荧光干扰环境下可定量测定阿霉素,且能获得令人满意的结果.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定肿瘤细胞mRNA中12种正常核苷和修饰核苷（英文）

建立了一种肿瘤细胞mRNA中12种正常核苷和修饰核苷的分析方法。肿瘤细胞样品经总RNA提取、mRNA纯化和mRNA水解后,加入8-溴鸟苷(8Br-G)为内标,以0.1%甲酸水溶液和0.1%甲酸甲醇溶液为流动相,采用Agilent RRHD SB-C₁₈(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱进行分离,电喷雾电离源正离子扫描(ESI⁺),多反应监测(MRM)模式检测。该方法符合方法学验证要求,12种正常核苷和修饰核苷在一定浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均大于0.99,定量下限(LOQ)为0.17～3.13 ng/mL,检出限(LOD)为0.08～1.56 ng/mL。将建立的方法应用于人鼻咽癌5-8F细胞系、人宫颈癌Hela细胞系和人胚肾上皮293T细胞系,成功地检测出多种修饰核苷水平。该方法细胞用量少(每样品2×10⁶个),分析时间短(每样品6 min),灵敏度高,可为癌症研究和临床诊断等提供一种有效的分析方法。     

一种简便的双酚A高效液相色谱检测方法

建立了用紫外检测器高效液相色谱法(HPLC)代替荧光检测器HPLC法检测去除双酚A过程中,双酚A残留量的分析方法.采用Symmetry C18柱(5μm,4.6 mm i.d.×150 mm),以V(甲醇):V(水):V(乙腈):V(四氢呋喃)=40:44:8:8为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,紫外检测波长为276 nm,柱温为室温,进样量50μL.双酚A在0.500～20.0 mg/L范围内,峰面积与质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,相对标准偏差RSD为1.5%(n=6),回收率在99.98%～100.13%之间,该方法简便、准确、价廉,可用于去除环境中双酚A的跟踪检测.     

基于报告基因技术的MDR1转录抑制剂高通量筛选模型的建立和应用

MDR1基因是引起肿瘤多药耐药的主要基因,其编码的P-gp蛋白可持续将药物由胞内排出胞外以降低胞内药物浓度导致多药耐药,MDR1基因的转录抑制剂可抑制MDR1基因在癌细胞中的表达,从而逆转肿瘤多药耐药.通过克隆MDR1基因的启动子,将其插入pGL3-basic质粒构建MDR1-luc＋报告基因载体,再将重组载体转染入HepG2肝癌细胞并筛选单克隆细胞株,构建了MDR1启动子的高通量筛选模型,Z′因子为0.75;通过对中药样品库的筛选,得到两种中药提取物高良姜水提物、红豆蔻醇提物有明显耐药逆转效果,EC50值分别为高良姜水提物16.37mgL-1和红豆蔻醇提物14.96mgL-1,RT-PCR验证上述两种阳性样品具有明显的抑制MDR1基因表达的作用.以上结果为MDR1基因的转录抑制剂高通量筛选奠定了基础.     

大鼠血浆中木兰花碱浓度的测定

采用LC-MS/MS技术建立大鼠血浆中木兰花碱浓度的测定方法,并进行大鼠体内药动学研究.以水-乙腈溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,以Kromasil Eternity-5 C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×50 mm,5μm)为分析柱,电喷雾离子源(ESI),正离子模式,选择离子监测(SRM).木兰花碱在0.2～50μg·L~(-1)的范围内线性良好,相关系数R~2=0.991 2.方法专属性、准确度与精密度、提取回收率与基质效应、稳定性均符合生物样品的测定要求.大鼠灌胃给与5 mg·kg~(-1)木兰花碱后,AUC_(0-∞)为(184.5±58.7)μg·h·L~(-1),MRT为(7.7±3.1) h,t_(1/2z)为(6.3±2.3) h,T_(max)为(0.75±0.0) h,C_(max)为(50.36±17.8)μg·L~(-1).采用LC-MS/MS技术建立了大鼠血浆中木兰花碱的浓度测定方法,并进行了方法学验证,方法专属性好,灵敏、准确、快速,适用于木兰花碱在大鼠体内的药动学研究.     

Chemical constituents from Cicuta virosa Linnaeus and their reversal effects on doxorubicin-resistant human myelogenous leukemia (K562/A02) cells

Two new compounds,11,11 '-dimer of scopoletin(1) and 11-O-β-glucopyranosylhamaudol(2),together with seven known compounds were isolated and identified from the whole grass of Cicuta virosa.The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using different spectroscopic methods.In addition,the chemical constituents were evaluated for multidrug resistance reversing activity towards doxorubicin-resistant K562/A02 cells.Compounds 1,8,and 9 were endowed with remarkable MDR reversing effects.     

Redirecting Cisplatin and Doxorubicin to Mitochondria Affords Highly Effective PlatinumIV Prodrug Against Triple Negative Breast Cancer

A mitochondria targeting dual-action platinum^IV prodrug exhibits high anticancer activity in triple negative breast cancer cells. The complex intervenes in several cellular processes including DNA damage, perturbation of mitochondrial bioenergetics and induction of necrosis to kill cancer cells.     

New Imatinib Derivatives with Antiproliferative Activity against A549 and K562 Cancer Cells

Tyrosine kinase enzymes are among the primary molecular targets for the treatment of some human neoplasms, such as those in lung cancer and chronic myeloid leukemia. Mutations in the enzyme domain can cause resistance and new inhibitors capable of circumventing these mutations are highly desired. The objective of this work was to synthesize and evaluate the antiproliferative ability of ten new analogs that contain isatins and the phenylamino-pyrimidine pyridine (PAPP) skeleton, the main pharmacophore group of imatinib. The 1,2,3-triazole core was used as a spacer in the derivatives through a click chemistry reaction and gave good yields. All the analogs were tested against A549 and K562 cells, lung cancer and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell lines, respectively. In A549 cells, the 3,3-difluorinated compound (3a), the 5-chloro-3,3-difluorinated compound (3c) and the 5-bromo-3,3-difluorinated compound (3d) showed IC₅₀ values of 7.2, 6.4, and 7.3 μM, respectively, and were all more potent than imatinib (IC₅₀ of 65.4 μM). In K562 cells, the 3,3-difluoro-5-methylated compound (3b) decreased cell viability to 57.5% and, at 10 µM, showed an IC₅₀ value of 35.8 μM (imatinib, IC₅₀ = 0.08 μM). The results suggest that 3a, 3c, and 3d can be used as prototypes for the development of more potent and selective derivatives against lung cancer.     

Determination of Doxorubicin,Daunorubicin and some of their Metabolites in Mouse Plasma by High-Performance Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography with Amperometric Detection

Abstract

A selective and sensitive reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method with electrochemical detection for the analysis of doxorubicin, daunorubicin and some of their metabolites in plasma is reported. A mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-phosphate buffer solution-tetrahydrofuran (25–71,5–3,5) flowing at 1 ml/min through a Lichrocart RP 18 column was employed. The influence of various parameters on the separation (solvent composition, pH, tetrahydrofuran content) has been examined. An extraction of anthracyclines from plasma was performed using chloroform-ethanol mixture (4: 1) with high extraction efficiency; reproducible results were attained by working with a 1 M phosphate buffer which ensured a real buffering of the plasma samples. The sensitivity of amperometric detection makes this method suitable for analyzing small amounts of the parent drugs and their metabolites. The precision was better than 4% in the range 0.2 to 5 μg/ml plasma.     

硒化壳聚糖对K 562和K 562/ADM作用的比较研究

应用MTT法和细胞集落形成率法观察了硒化壳聚糖对K562和K562／ADM肿瘤细胞株生长的影响，结果发现硒化壳聚糖可有效地抑制两种K562细胞生长，呈量效关系。同等剂量的硒化壳聚糖对K562细胞的作用强度高于对K562／ADM细胞。硒化壳聚糖对耐药的细胞株可产生抑制作用，若与化疗药合用则可减慢甚至部分逆转临床上K562细胞耐药性的发生。     

Reversal of Multidrug Resistance by Apolipoprotein A1-Modified Doxorubicin Liposome for Breast Cancer Treatment

Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains a major problem in cancer therapy and is characterized by the overexpression of p-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump, upregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins or downregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins. In this study, an Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1)-modified cationic liposome containing a synthetic cationic lipid and cholesterol was developed for the delivery of a small-molecule chemotherapeutic drug, doxorubicin (Dox) to treat MDR tumor. The liposome-modified by ApoA1 was found to promote drug uptake and elicit better therapeutic effects than free Dox and liposome in MCF-7/ADR cells. Further, loading Dox into the present ApoA1-liposome systems enabled a burst release at the tumor location, resulting in enhanced anti-tumor effects and reduced off-target effects. More importantly, ApoA1-lip/Dox caused fewer adverse effects on cardiac function and other organs in 4T1 subcutaneous xenograft models. These features indicate that the designed liposomes represent a promising strategy for the reversal of MDR in cancer treatment.     

A Simple Electrochemical Aptamer Cytosensor for Direct Detection of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia K562 Cells

A simple and rapid electrochemical aptamer cytosensor has been developed for direct detection of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) K562 cells based on a specific aptamer and a biotin conjugated concanavalin A (bio‐ConA) detection probe. The K562 cell could be specifically recognized by T2‐KK1B10 capture aptamer pre‐immobilized on gold modified electrode surface. Then, bio‐ConA was added in the reaction to identify K562 cell surface mannose, resulting in an aptamer‐K562 cell‐bio‐ConA sandwich complex. Finally, streptavidin conjugated alkaline phosphatase (ST‐ALP) combined with the bio‐ConA to catalyze α‐naphthyl (α‐NP) phosphate to form α‐naphthol which is highly electroactive at an operating voltage of 180 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl). Under optimum conditions, the DPV signals were proportional to the logarithm of K562 cell from 1×10² to 1×10⁷ cells mL⁻¹ with a detection limit of 79 cells mL⁻¹. The cytosensor also exhibited high selectivity, stability and reproducibility. When applied to detect K562 cells in human blood samples, recoveries between 79.6 %–93.3 % were obtained, indicating the developed biosensor would be a potential alternative tool for CML K562 cell detection in real biological samples.     

Mixed Micelles for Targeted and Efficient Doxorubicin Delivery to Multidrug‐Resistant Breast Cancer Cells

For efficient treatment of multidrug‐resistance (MDR) breast cancer cells, design of biocompatible mixed micelles with diverse functional moieties and superior stability is needed for targeted delivery of chemical drugs. In this study, polypropylene glycol (PPG)‐grafted hyaluronic acid (HA) copolymers (PPG‐g‐HA) are used to make mixed micelles with different amounts of pluronic L61, named PPG‐g‐HA/L61 micelles. Optimized PPG‐g‐HA/L61 micelles with 3% pluronic L61 exhibit great stability in aqueous solution, superior biocompatibility, and significantly increased uptake into MCF‐7 MDR cells via HA–CD44‐specific interactions when compared to free doxorubicin (DOX) and other types of micelles. In addition, DOX in PPG‐g‐HA/L61 micelles with 3% pluronic L61 have toxicity in MCF‐7 MDR cells but significantly lower toxicity in fibroblast L929 cells compared to free DOX. Thus, PPG‐g‐HA/L61 micelles with 3% pluronic L61 content can be a promising nanocarrier to overcome MDR and release DOX in a hyaluronidase‐sensitive manner without any toxicity to normal cells.

     

火焰原子吸收法测定癌细胞中的钙、镁、铜等金属元素

采用火焰原子吸收法直接测定一系列(食道、胃)癌细胞及其近旁的正常细胞中的钙、镁、铜等金属含量。结果表明，钙的变异系数为1．83％-4．19％，回收率为99．8％-104．0％；镁的变异系数为0．02％～1．18％，回收率为97．2％-98．5％；铜的变异系数为3．80％-6．68％，回收率为90．5％～99．7％；均得到较满意的结果，具有一定的参考价值。     

固相萃取/高效液相色谱法对肝癌细胞中多西紫杉醇的测定

建立了固相萃取/高效液相色谱法测定肝癌细胞中多西紫杉醇浓度的方法。细胞样品经三氯乙酸沉淀蛋白,Bond-elut C18固相萃取柱提取,采用Agilent TC-C18(5μm,4.6 mm×150 mm)色谱柱分析,以乙腈-0.02 mol/L醋酸铵缓冲液(体积比50∶50,醋酸调至pH5.0)为流动相,流速为1 mL/min,检测波长为230nm,进样体积为20μL。多西紫杉醇的质量浓度在0.05~2.25 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.999 3,检出限为0.03 mg/L,提取回收率为93%~95%,其日内、日间精密度(n=5)不大于6.9%,且稳定性良好。方法简便、快速、灵敏度高、干扰小,可用于生物样品中低浓度多西紫杉醇的测定。