在环形理想导体空腔中极向线电流产生的磁场

本文研究在环形理想导体空腔中极向线电流产生的磁场。在一级环形效应近似下得到的理论结果，基本上与实验数据一致，并且可以推广使用到具有一定类型极向电流分布的情况。     

A pθ, pz dependent equilibrium solution for the cylindrical pinch

We have obtained a solution of the cylindrical pinch equilibrium equation with both a poloidal and a longitudinal current. The β poloidal is typically between 0.1 and 0.5. The ratio of poloidal and toroidal currents is estimated.     

Effect of subsonic toroidal flows on plasma poloidal rotation and ion heat conductivity. In collisional plasmas of elongated tokamaks

The ion poloidal rotation and heat conductivity in collisional plasmas of axially-symmetric tokamaks with elongated cross-sections and with subsonic toroidal plasma flows are considered. It is shown that subsonic toroidal plasma flows, induced by neutral beam injection or radio frequency waves, can strongly affect the poloidal plasma velocity and ion heat conductivity in collisional plasmas of tokamaks. The transport coefficients also depend on the tokamak ellipticity parameter which, in combination with the Mach number, allows to operate transport processes at smaller values of the toroidal Mach number. The importance of taking into account the ion-electron heat exchange and electron temperature toroidal perturbations to find ion temperature toroidal perturbations is demonstrated. This work was partially supported by the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) and the Rio de Janeiro Research Foundation (FAPERJ).     

Eigenmodes for electromagnetic waves propagating in a toroidalcavity

A solution has been attempted by means of the Helmholtz equation for an electromagnetic wave propagating in an empty torus in a system of toroidal coordinates. The electromagnetic fields are expressed in terms of the Hertz vector to obtain a scalar Helmholtz equation. The latter has been solved by making use of an inverse aspect ratio expansion of the solution. Unlike most previous workers, the authors have obtained their solutions in terms of hypergeometric functions whose static limit is the toroidal harmonics. The cylindrical solutions in terms of Bessel functions can also be recovered by taking the appropriate large aspect ratio limit. The eigenmodes, with arbitrary toroidal and poloidal mode numbers, have been obtained by applying the boundary conditions on the metallic walls of infinite conductivity, and they cannot be distinguished as TE or TM modes. Eigenfrequencies for various toroidal and poloidal mode numbers are plotted against the inverse aspect ratio. First-order approximations to the fields in the toroidal cavity have also been derived     

参量调制驱动环形等离子体稳态电流的简化分析

本文用简化模型分析托卡马克装置,建议用等离子体往径向速度振荡和角向磁场振荡的相互作用产生一个定常环向电动势以驱动稳态电流。这可由按一定相位差调制两个外加参量来达到。按反应堆参数估计,这种调制频率可以是工业频率。     

Transport in boundary layer of divertor tokamaks

Study of transport in the boundary layer of tokamak plasma in presence of magnetic divertors is extended to the second order in ion collision frequency. Numerical results for ion and energy losses to the collector plates are presented for toroidal and poloidal divertors. For the toroidal case, the Wiener-Hopf solution for the second order distribution function is obtained. An error occurring in an earlier first order calculation is pointed out and corrected first order fluxes are also given. For the poloidal divertor, asymmetry observed in ion and energy transport is found to persist in the second order result.     

An improved “peeling” stability criterion

The stability of a general toroidal magnetohydrostatic equilibrium configuration surrounded by a vacuccum is re-investigated. The “peeling” criterion given perviously has been improved. In the case of axisymmetry with vanishing poloidal current the new form of the criterion requires vanishing of the toroidal current at the edge of the plasma.     

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HT-7上用于低杂波电流驱动的相控波导阵天线采用的是标准波导,长和宽都是有限值。在考虑了天线上下排波导之间可能存在的极向相位差以及电磁干扰时,通过数值模拟的方法,分别得到了低杂波在环向方向的平行功率谱和在极向方向的极向功率谱。由于极向波矢的存在,低杂波进入等离子体的入射方向会发生改变。最后在不同极向相位差下对低杂波进入等离子体的入射方向进行了简要的计算和讨论。     

Self-reversal phenomena of toroidal current by reversing the external toroidal field in helicity-driven toroidal plasmas

In order to understand self-organization in helicity-driven systems, we have investigated the dynamics of low-aspect-ratio toroidal plasmas by decreasing the external toroidal field and reversing its sign in time. Consequently, we have discovered that the helicity-driven toroidal plasma relaxes towards the flipped state. Surprisingly, it has been observed that not only toroidal flux but also poloidal flux reverses sign spontaneously during the relaxation process. The self-reversal of the magnetic fields is attributed to the nonlinear growth of the n=1 kink instability of the central open flux.     

Simulation on effect of poloidal power spectrum on lower hybrid wave propagation

The coupling of lower hybrid wave to the plasma is a crucial issue for efficient current drive in tokamaks. This paper establishes a new coupling model which assumes the antenna to be a curved face and the plasma to be a cylinder. Power spectrum considering the coupling between wave-guides in both poloidal and toroidal direction is simply estimated and discussed. The effect of the poloidal wave vector on wave propagation, power deposition and driven current is also investigated with the help of lower hybrid current drive code. Results show that the poloidal wave vector affects the ray tracing, and also has effect on power deposition and driven current. The effect of the poloidal wave vector on power deposition and driven current profile depends on plasma parameters. Preliminary studies suggest that it seems possible to control the current profile by adjusting the poloidal phase difference between the waveguide in poloidal direction.     

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HT-7上用于低杂波电流驱动的相控波导阵天线采用的是标准波导,长和宽都是有限值。在考虑了天线上下排波导之间可能存在的极向相位差以及电磁干扰时,通过数值模拟的方法,分别得到了低杂波在环向方向的平行功率谱和在极向方向的极向功率谱。由于极向波矢的存在,低杂波进入等离子体的入射方向会发生改变。最后在不同极向相位差下对低杂波进入等离子体的入射方向进行了简要的计算和讨论。     

托卡马克中极向静电天线的离子Bernstein波的耦合计算

本文采用均匀的等离子体模型,对在托卡马克低场边由极向静电天线激发离子Bernstein波(IBW)的耦合问题作详细的理论分析。为了能更符合实验中的实际情况,文中考虑天线为有限长度以及非零的极向波数(k_y≠0)对耦合特性计算的影响。计算表明,极向静电天线可以有效地在等离子体中激发IBW。比较该天线与传统的环向IBW天线的辐射功率谱和阻抗等计算结果,表明两种天线对IBW的耦合有相似的特性。 关键词：     

Toroidicity and shape dependence of peeling mode growth rates in axisymmetric toroidal plasmas

The growth rate of the peeling mode instability with large toroidal mode number is calculated for general axisymmetric toroidal plasmas, including tokamaks and the spherical torus(ST) equilibia by using formalism presented by Connor et al.Analytic equilibia with non-zero edge current density and quasi-uniform current profiles are assumed. It is found that in sharp D-shape tokamak plasma, the derivative of the safety factor with respect to the poloidal flux becomes very large,making the perturbed poloidal motion very large, in turn making a significant reduction of the growth rate of the peeling mode, similar to the X-point effect in diverted plasma. The large aspect ratio effect is also studied, which reduces the growth rate further.     

Effect of Elongation on Critical Gradient for Toroidal Electron Temperature Gradient Modes

The electron temperature gradient mode is investigated in elongated toroidal plasmas with a gyrokinetic integral eigenmode equation code. Dependence of the critical electron temperature gradient on the elongation is calculated. It is found that when the elongation increases, the growth rate spectrum is greatly shifted towards shorter poloidal wavelength, and then the poloidal wavenumber at which the mode is destabilizing critically in elongated plasmas will be larger than that in circular plasmas.     

Gyrokinetic microtearing turbulence

The nonlinear dynamics of microtearing modes in standard tokamak plasmas are investigated by means of ab initio gyrokinetic simulations. The saturation levels of the magnetic field fluctuations can be understood in the framework of a balance between (small poloidal wave number) linear drive and small-scale dissipation. The resulting heat transport is dominated by the electron magnetic component, and the transport levels are found to be experimentally relevant. Microtearing modes thus constitute another candidate for explaining turbulent transport in such toroidal systems.     

开放型偏滤器平衡位形的数值计算

本文叙述自由边界环形等离子体MHD平衡崔序SWEQU的数值计算方法,并用该程序计算了开放型偏滤器平衡位形及相应的极向场线圈电流的配置。     

一个推广的回旋动力方程

本文导出了一个新的回旋动力方程。该方程能够描述沿磁力线有宏观速度的环形等离子体的低频不稳定性,也适用于有外加极向电场的环形等离子体。     

Observation of high-field-side crash and heat transfer during sawtooth oscillation in magnetically confined plasmas

High resolution (temporal and spatial), two-dimensional images of electron temperature fluctuations during sawtooth oscillations were employed to study the crash process and heat transfer in magnetically confined toroidal plasmas. The combination of kink and local pressure driven instabilities leads to a small poloidally localized puncture in the magnetic surface at both the low and the high field sides of the poloidal plane. This observation closely resembles the "fingering event" of the ballooning mode model with the high- mode only predicted at the low field side.     

Oscillating-field current-drive experiments in a reversed field pinch

Oscillating-field current drive (OFCD) is a steady-state magnetic helicity injection method to drive net toroidal current in a plasma by applying oscillating poloidal and toroidal loop voltages. OFCD is added to standard toroidal induction to produce about 10% of the total current in the Madison symmetric torus. The dependence of the added current on the phase between the two applied voltages is measured. Maximum current does not occur at the phase of the maximum helicity injection rate. Effects of OFCD on magnetic fluctuations and dissipated power are shown.     

HT-7超导托卡马克边界等离子体参量及其涨落的实验研究

利用径向可移动朗缪尔三探针和马赫探针对HT-7超导托卡马克边界等离子体参量及其涨落进行了空时空分辨测量.给出了欧姆放电及其与低杂波电流驱动共同作用下边界等离子体电位φ_p、电子温度T_e和电子密度n_e及其涨落的径向分布.实验表明,在限制器附近,存在一由E_r×B确定的极向旋转速度剪切层.在剪切层内,T_e和n_e分布较陡,且φ_p,T_e和n_e的相对涨落水平下降明显.这说明剪切层对边界区的等离子体涨落具有抑制作用.低杂波驱动使径向电场梯度变陡,从而使剪切程度加深但对剪切层宽度无影响.此外,测量表明等离子体环向速度马赫数M_φ存在径向梯度.环向流的这种径向梯度可能是形成径向电场所需的平均极向流的一种重要驱动源 关键词： 托卡马克 边界涨落 低杂波驱动