Highly Chemoselective Aerobic Oxidation of Amino Alcohols into Amino Carbonyl Compounds

The direct oxidation of unprotected amino alcohols to their corresponding amino carbonyl compounds has often posed serious challenges in organic synthesis and has constrained chemists to adopting an indirect route, such as a protection/deprotection strategy, to attain their goal. Described herein is a highly chemoselective aerobic oxidation of unprotected amino alcohols to their amino carbonyl compounds in which 2‐azaadamantane N‐oxyl (AZADO)/copper catalysis is used. The catalytic system developed leads to the alcohol‐selective oxidation of various unprotected amino alcohols, carrying a primary, secondary, or tertiary amino group, in good to high yield at ambient temperature with exposure to air, thus offering flexibility in the synthesis of nitrogen‐containing compounds.     

Benzimidazole Annulated New Heterocyclic Compounds: Synthesis of Polycyclic Pyrrole Derivatives

Several benzimidazolo[1,2‐a]pyrrole derivative s were obtained by reaction of benzimidazolo[1,2‐a]indeno[2,1‐d]pyrrole derivative with different reactants such as p‐toluenesulfonyl chloride, phenylthiocyanate, phenyl‐isothiocyanate, dimethylsulfate, and active methylene such as malononitrile, ethyl cyanoacetate, benzoyl acetonitrile, ethyl acetoacetate, and diethyl malonate. The newly synthesized products have been deduced on the basis of spectral and analytical data.     

Manganese-Catalyzed Sustainable Synthesis of Pyrroles from Alcohols and Amino Alcohols

The development of reactions that convert alcohols into important chemical compounds saves our fossil carbon resources as alcohols can be obtained from indigestible biomass such as lignocellulose. The conservation of our rare noble metals is of similar importance, and their replacement by abundantly available transition metals, such as Mn, Fe, or Co (base or nonprecious metals), in key technologies such as catalysis is a promising option. Herein, we report on the first base-metal-catalyzed synthesis of pyrroles from alcohols and amino alcohols. The most efficient catalysts are Mn complexes stabilized by PN₅P ligands whereas related Fe and Co complexes are inactive. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions at catalyst loadings as low as 0.5 mol %, and has a broad scope and attractive functional-group tolerance. These findings may inspire others to use Mn catalysts to replace Ir or Ru complexes in challenging dehydrogenation reactions.     

Benzimidazole Annulated New Heterocyclic Compounds: Synthesis of New Polycyclic Pyrazole Derivatives

Several ( 3 ) new benzimidazole based polycyclic compounds of potential pharmaceutical interest have been prepared starting from 2‐benzimidazolelyl (1,3‐dioxo‐2‐indenylidene) acetonitrile. Unhypothesized, the C≡N function of the plausible intermediates was released as HCN rather than a classical nucleophilic addition when treated with bidentate reagents such as hydrazines, 5‐amino‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazole, 5‐amino‐4‐cyano‐1H‐pyrazole and 2‐aminobenzimidazole. When compound 3 reacted with active acetonitrile derivatives it afforded new polyfunctional pyridines via elimination of HCN in addition to, new pyrimidine, pyrazine and azepine derivatives.     

Phosphorus-Containing Heterocyclic Compounds Derived from N-Vinylpyrroles

C-phosphorylation of N-vinylpyrroles with phosphorus(III) halides is shown to occur both at position 2 of the pyrrole ring and at the vinyl group. The properties of the resulting phosphorus-containing heterocyclic compounds and bis-phosphorylated N-vinylpyrroles are reported. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 8: 495–499, 1997     

氮杂环化合物对苄醇电氧化的催化媒介作用研究进展

将芳香醇选择性地氧化为相应的羰基化合物(醛或酮)一直是化学研究人员面临的挑战之一。有机电合成技术中的间接电氧化法是进行芳香醇电氧化反应的常用方法,其中通过调控有机媒质结构是提高醇氧化选择性的一种有效途径。本文综述了几类含不同框架的有机媒质及其在醇的电化学氧化转化中的应用,介绍了这几类有机媒质的结构及其在间接电氧化反应中的作用机制,并进一步阐述了如何提高有机媒质的稳定性、溶解性和催化活性,实现醇的可控氧化转化。     

L-亮氨酸衍生物手性氨基醇的合成与应用

以N,N-二甲基苯胺为原料,经对位溴化、邻位甲酰化得到5-溴-2-(二甲氨基)苯甲醛;L-亮氨酸经酯化、格氏反应得到二齿手性氨基醇;将5-溴-2-(二甲氨基)苯甲醛与上述氨基醇经缩合、还原得到三齿手性氨基醇;产物经红外光谱(IR)、质谱(MS)及核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)表征,考察了二齿手性氨基醇和三齿手性氨基醇作为...     

Review of Synthesis of Spiro Heterocyclic Compounds from Isatin

Isatin is an essential building block in organic synthesis and shows various biological activities. The most attractive application of isatin in organic synthesis is undoubtedly in the highly reactive C-3 carbonyl group, which is a prochiral center as well. The construction of a spiroheterocyclic framework has always been a challenging endeavor for synthetic organic chemists as it frequently requires synthetic design based on specific strategies. This review gives a short summary of the advances in the use of isatin in the synthesis of various spiroheterocyclic compounds through multicomponent reactions and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions.     

Review of Synthesis of Multispiro Heterocyclic Compounds from Isatin

Because of its various biological activities, isatin plays important roles in organic chemistry. The C-3 carbonyl group of the isatin possesses very high reactivity and thus isatin possesses many diverse applications in organic synthesis. This carbonyl group reacts like a prochiral center. For the organic synthetic chemist, the conception of a spiroheterocyclic building block has always been interesting, as it often requires synthetic design based on specific strategies. This review summarizes the synthesis of various multispiro heterocyclic compounds by using isatin through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions and multicomponent reactions.     

Synthesis of Amphiphilic Amino Alcohols

An efficient and general approach for the synthesis of amphiphilic 1,2-amino alcohols is reported. The use of N-benzyl protecting groups is essential for obtaining good yields when opening a long-chain terminal epoxide with an amine.     

Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds from Metallated Unsaturated Compounds and Isothiocyanates. (Review)

Novel syntheses of heterocyclic compounds resulting from reactions of metallated acetylenes, allenes, and conjugated dienes with isothiocyanates and from reactions of the latter with strong bases are reviewed.     

Palladium‐Catalyzed Vicinal Amino Alcohols Synthesis from Allyl Amines by In Situ Tether Formation and Carboetherification

Vicinal amino alcohols are important structural motifs of bioactive compounds. Reported herein is an efficient method for their synthesis based on the palladium‐catalyzed oxy‐alkynylation, oxy‐arylation, or oxy‐vinylation of allylic amines. High regio‐ and stereoselectivity were ensured through the in situ formation of a hemiaminal tether using the cheap commercially available trifluoroacetaldehyde in its hemiacetal form. The obtained compounds are important building blocks, which can be orthogonally deprotected to give either free alcohols, amines, or terminal alkynes.     

含哌啶结构杂环醇的立体化学研究

用分子力学和量子化学计算方法(AM1)研究了含哌啶结构杂环醇(1_4)及其羧酸酯类化合物的立体化学问题.结果表明,在哌啶醇(1)及醇(3)分子中,4位羟基处于哌啶环的a键位时,环上的氮原子和羟基氧原子之间可能形成非经典的轨道超共轭作用,使其构型构象得到稳定.     

Stereochemistry of the Heterocyclic Alcohols Containing Piperidine Unit

The stereochemistry of the heterocyclic alcohols (R₁-OH~R₄-OH,see Fig.1) containing piperidine unit has been studied on the basis of the calculations of molecular mechanics and quantum chemistry. The calculations of alcohols (R₁-OH~R₄-OH) and their carboxylate derivatives were carried out, and the results of these calculations were listed in Tab.1 and Tab.2. It was showed that there existed the non-classical orbital super-conjugated interactions between the nitrogen atom and oxygen atom which caused the conformations to be more stable when the hydroxylic group lay at axial than at equatorial with respect to the piperidine ring in compounds (R₁-OH) and (R₃-OH). If the axial hydrogen atoms at C₂ and C₆ positions in the piperidine ring were substituted, or the molecular existed in the polar solutions, this non-classical orbital super-conjugated interactions would be much weak even diminished. In this case,the conformations were more stable when the hydroxylic group at equatorial than at axial in these compounds. These consistented with the experimental results.     

缩杂环酮化合物的合成

酮(troponoid)是自然界中某些抗菌素和毒菌的基本骨架组成。近年来,人们合成了许多具有各种生理活性的酮类化合物,而     

Novel Stereocontrolled Preparation of Amino Polyols from 2,3-Aziridine Alcohols

Starting from 2,3-aziridine alcohols, a novel and versatile preparation of optically active amino polyol was achieved using a simple strategy with few purification steps and a good overall yield.