基于网络环境的大学物理实验教学改革研究与实践

本文结合我校大学物理实验课程改革的具体实际, 介绍了课程教学的设计理念和课程教学的组织模 式, 通过课程改革的运行, 总结出大学物理实验课程改革对人才培养发挥的作用, 指出了课程改革存在的问题, 以 及解决问题的方法     

浅谈物理专业太阳能发电方向的课程群设置和实施

课程群是为完善同一施教对象的认知结构和优化资源,而将本专业或跨专业培养方案中若干门在知识、方法、问题等方面有逻辑联系的课程加以整合而成的课程体系.本文浅谈了上海电力学院物理专业面向太阳能专业方向的课程群的设置以及改革的原因和必要性,以此课程群为依托,努力优化了教学内容,完善了实践和实习基地,建立了一整套创新能力拓展平台,尝试改革了课程群内课程的考核方式,取得了一定改革成效,提高了学生的创新能力,毕业生得到了用人单位的一致好评.     

探讨物理实验教学融合S T EAM 理念的几种方法

把美国作为中国教育界的关注对象, 研究其教育科研成果, 促进中国的教育课程改革, 是我国基础教 育改革的途径之一. 当前美国课程改革中, S T EAM 教育是其基础教育改革的重点. 近些年的课程发展中, 提出了不 少可行性高、 课程资源完整的解决方案. 然而,这些解决方案仍然存在很多实践上的限制条件. 笔者通过研究美国 课程改革中运用的 S T EAM 教育理念,并通过在物理实验教学中,不断实践与总结,探讨并提出了几种融合 S T EAM 理念的方法     

试论物理教师的课程能力

新课程改革是我国基础教育面向世界、面向未来、面向现代化的重大改革,是一个由课程改革所牵动的整个基础教育的全面改革,是实施素质教育的一场攻坚战.基础教育的全面改革,是实施素质教育的一场攻坚战.这次改革充分体现基础教育性质和素质教育要求,真正让学生成为的学习主人,对教师赋予更多课程自主权的同时,教师素质的要求提出了更高的标准,也对教师专业化水平提出了更高的要求.     

物理实验室课程资源的开发

实验是以实验室为基地的教学活动．2002年部颁的普通高中《物理课程标准》（以下简称：新课标）针对实验教学愈来愈凸现的重要性，指出：“实验是物理课程改革的重要环节，是落实物理课程目标、全面提高学生科学素养的重要途径，也是物理课程改革的重要资源．”把“实验”作为“物理课程改革的重要资源”的这一提法，在历次大纲中是前所未有的，给我们从事物理实验教学的教师提出了一个实验教学改革更深层次的要求，所以物理实验室课程资源的开发与利用是课程改革的重要部分．以下是笔者实施新课标以来在实验教学实践中利用开发物理实验室课程资源的一些做法．     

利用多媒体技术完善《模拟电子技术》课程教学手段的改革

探讨了利用多媒体技术进行《模拟电子技术》课程教学手段改革的必要性 ,多媒体技术的发展为《模拟电子技术》课程教学手段改革带来的启示 ,科学有效地使用多媒体是教学手段改革的关键。多媒体技术在教学领域中使用存在的问题及其展望。     

新课程视野下大学物理教学改革策略分析

基础课程改革的不断深入展开，使大学课程的受众群体在知识结构、学习能力和学习方式等方面都与以往有了较大差异。本文以大学物理课程为例，通过对基础课程改革主要理念的简单介绍，从教学理念、教学组织、教学方法和学习评价四方面阐述大学课程应该如何改革，做好与基础课程的教学衔接。     

新课程理念下高师《中学物理教学论》课程的改革与实践

面对全球基础教育改革浪潮，2001年国家教育部颁布了《基础教育课程改革纲要（试行）》，调整和改革基础教育的课程体系、结构、内容，构建符合素质教育要求的新的课程体系．课程改革对中学教师的教育理念、教学行为、知识结构等方面都提出了严峻的挑战．因此，高师院校的《中学物理教学论》系列课程，应积极地调整培养目标、课程结构、课程内容，改革教学方法，培养适应时代发展要求、推进素质教育实施的新型的物理教师．     

应用物理专业“ 学科前沿讲座”的 课程教学及考试模式探讨

介绍了应用物理专业“ 学科前沿讲座”的课程开设情况, 对教学的安排、 授课教师选聘做了详细说明. 针对多人授课的模式, 重点讨论了课程考试改革的内容, 并对改革的效果进行了评价     

为素质教育构建了一个可实施的平台——对教科版《物理·必修1》的几点认识

随着基础教育课程改革的逐步深入,越来越多的城市步入了课改的行列,2007年秋季,我们也进入了课改.根据"一纲多本"的课程改革指导思想,北京选用了人教版(人民教育出版社出版)和教科版(教育科学出版社出版)两种版本的普通高中物理新教材.     

白光和红绿蓝光LED可调光源研制

为了提高LED光源色温和亮度的调节精度和准确度,结合色温由低向高变化时光色所呈现的渐变特点,提出了一种低色温白光LED灯珠、高色温白光LED灯珠加红绿蓝光LED灯珠补偿式调光的方法.将色温分成三个部分进行调节,每个部分选用不同的LED灯珠组合来进行调光.实验结果表明:不同组合情况下的LED光源的初始输出色温相对于目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;亮度可以在保证色温不变的情况下独立进行调节,初始输出值与目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;经过微调之后可以达到目标值;达到了色温和亮度独立调节的要求;光源发光稳定,不会因为长时间工作而影响调节精度.     

Muonic and pionic L- and M-series in carbon and oxygen and the pionic 2p level shift and width of oxygen

Muonic and pionic X-rays of the L- and M-series in C and O have been measured with a Si(Li) detector in the energy range between 7 keV and 60 keV. The target consisted of mylar (C₅H₄O₂). Energies and intensities of 21 transitions have been determined. The strong interaction shift of the pionic 2p level in O was measured and found to be +4.1 ±2.3 eV. The measured width of this level is 11±6 eV. The measured yields have been compared with cascade calculations.     

Visualization and interferometry for cylindrical and spherical sample tomography and profilometry

A technique combining image processing and laser interferometry for visualizing and detecting the deformation of transparent cylindrical and spherical sample is proposed. This deformation includes geometric deformation such as volume transition in profilometry and physical deformation such as refractive index change in tomography. Phase contour lines are used for quantitative analysis and graphical representation of the deformation. This method allows us to visually detect the spatial variation of the deformation field and to evaluate the test quality such as misalignment of optical system. A theoretical analysis using phase contour map to characterize the deformation field is described in detail. A method using phase contour map to qualify the interferometric test is proposed. Analysis of test examples is carried out. Suggestions on using phase contour line method to ameliorate test system design are finally discussed.     

Nonlocal potentials and their exact and approximate local and velocity-dependent equivalents

We show that good approximations to the exact equivalent local potential (ELP) and damping factor of a nonlocal Perey-Buck potential can be calculated in the partial wave WKB approximation of Horiuchi. The exact ELP and damping factor are obtained by means of a method previously given by one of us. We also confirm that an approximate ELP proposed by Bauhoff et al. is of comparable accuracy as the Horiuchi approximation. Thesel-dependent ELP's exhibit reduced attraction in the interior and provide a test for higher order WKB approximations. We subsequently obtain an equivalent velocity dependent potential (EVDP) which is even exactly wave function equivalent to the original nonlocal potential. This almost local potential, unlike the trivial equivalent local potential, is smooth and well-behaved and is therefore particularly useful in nuclear reactions where the off-shell behaviour of the potential is important.     

Quantum and Classical Disparity and Accord

Discrepancies and accords between quantum (QM) and classical mechanics (CM) related to expectation values and periods are generally found for both the harmonic oscillator (SHO) and a free particle in a box (FPB), which may apply generally. These indicate non-locality is expected throughout QM. The FPB energy states violate the Correspondence Principle. Previously unexpected accords are found and proven that 〈x ²〉 _CM =〈x ²〉 _QM and τ _CM =τ _QMb (beat period i.e. beats between the phases for adjoining energy states) for the SHO for all quantum numbers, n. However, for the FPB the beat periods differ at small n. It is shown that a particle’s velocity in an infinite square well varies, no matter how wide the box, nor how far the particle is from the walls. The quantum free particle variances share an indirect commonality with the Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher effects in that there is a quantum action in the absence of a force. The concept of an “Expectation Value over a Partial Well Width” is introduced. This paper raises the question as to whether these inconsistencies are undetectable, or can be empirically ascertained. These inherent variances may need to be fixed, or nature is manifestly more non-classical than expected.     

Spin and Statistics and First Principles

It was shown in the early seventies that, in Local Quantum Theory (that is the most general formulation of Quantum Field Theory, if we leave out only the unknown scenario of Quantum Gravity) the notion of Statistics can be grounded solely on the local observable quantities (without assuming neither the commutation relations nor even the existence of unobservable charged field operators); one finds that only the well known (para)statistics of Bose/Fermi type are allowed by the key principle of local commutativity of observables. In this frame it was possible to formulate and prove the Spin and Statistics Theorem purely on the basis of First Principles.