甲基橙亚硝化极谱法测定亚硝酸根

研究了甲基橙亚硝化产物的极谱波行为 ,提出了亚硝化极谱法测定亚硝酸根的灵敏极谱波新体系。在 0 .6mol/L 盐酸中 ,甲基橙与 NO-2 的亚硝化反应产物在极谱仪上于 - 0 .31 V( vs.SCE)可获得灵敏的极谱波。导数波高与亚硝酸根浓度在 1 .0 9× 1 0 -7～ 1 .0 9× 1 0 -5mol/L范围内成正比 ,检出限为 6.52× 1 0 -8mol/L。研究了极谱波行为及反应机理。并利用该法测定了水样中的亚硝酸根     

极谱催化波法测定土霉素

H2 O2 存在时 ,产生土霉素的极谱催化波 ,该催化波的灵敏度比相应土霉素的还原波高 8倍 ,据此拟定了测定土霉素的新方法。在 0 .1 0mol LKH2 PO4 Na2 HPO4(pH 7.4± 0 .2 ) - 1 .6× 1 0 -3 mol LH2 O2 底液中 ,催化波峰电流与土霉素浓度在 5 .0× 1 0 -7～ 9.0× 1 0 -6mol L范围内呈线性关系 (n =1 0 ,r=0 9996)。检出限为 1 .0× 1 0 -7mol L。     

极谱催化波法测定地塞米松

基于地塞米松在过硫酸钾存在下产生的极谱催化波 ,拟定了测定地塞米松的新方法。与基于还原波的差分脉冲极谱法相比 ,本方法用线性变位极谱法获得的分析灵敏度提高了两个数量级。在 2 .0× 10 - 3mol LH2 SO4 ～ 2 .0× 10 - 2 mol LK2 S2 O8底液中 ,地塞米松于 - 1 0 8V (vs .SCE)处产生一极谱催化波 ,其二阶导数峰电流与地塞米松浓度在 3.2× 10 - 8～ 3.2× 10 - 7mol L范围内呈线性关系 (r =0 .9994 ,n =6 ) ,检出限为 1.0×10 - 8mol L。讨论了极谱催化波产生的机理。     

铑-丁二酮肟络合吸附波测定微量铑

在pH 4.3 0的醋酸 醋酸钠支持电解质中 ,铑和丁二酮肟 (DMG)生成具有电活性络合物。在单扫示波极谱 -1 .0 6V (vs.SCE)左右出现良好的极谱还原波 ,实验表明此波属络合吸附波。此波二阶导数峰高与铑的浓度在 1 .5× 1 0 - 8～ 1 .9× 1 0 - 7mol/L和 1 .9× 1 0 - 7～ 3 .9× 1 0 - 6 mol/L范围内呈线性关系 ;检出限为 4.9× 1 0 - 9mol/L方法 ,可用于铑的测定 ,并成功的用于贵金属合成样及合金样品中铑含量的测定。     

普罗帕酮的电还原行为及其应用

采用线性扫描极谱法研究了抗心率失常药物普罗帕酮在汞电极上的电还原行为,建立了测定实际样品中普罗帕酮的新方法. 在pH＜11.6底液中,普罗帕酮产生1个还原波;在底液pH≥11.6条件下,普罗帕酮产生P1和P2 2个还原波. 研究表明,P1波为普罗帕酮产生的催化氢波,P2波为普罗帕酮分子中羰基的电化学还原波. 在pH=12.3的Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液中,二阶导数极谱图上P2波的峰电流与普罗帕酮的浓度在9.6×10-8 ～4.0×10-6 mol/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限为5×10-8 mol/L. 对1.0×10-6 mol/L普罗帕酮测定6次的RSD=1.2%. 用二阶导数极谱法测定片剂中普罗帕酮的含量结果与药典方法测得结果一致,血清中不同浓度普罗帕酮测定的回收率在98.6%～102%.     

泼尼松的示波极谱测定及其电化学行为

基于泼尼松产生的极谱还原波 ,提出了测定泼尼松的单扫描示波极谱法。在0 .1 2 mol/ L HAc-0 .0 8mol/ L Na Ac ( p H 4.6)的缓冲溶液中 ,泼尼松于 -1 .1 3 V处产生一极谱还原波。二阶导数峰电流与其浓度在 2 .4× 1 0 - 6～ 1 .6× 1 0 - 5mol/ L范围内有良好的线性关系 ( r=0 .9991 ,n=8) ,检出限为 8.0× 1 0 - 7mol/ L。测定了片剂中泼尼松的含量。讨论了泼尼松的电化学行为     

单扫描示波极谱法测定药物中的卡托普利

报道了卡托普利 Cu+络合物的极谱吸附波。在 0 .0 2mol LH3 PO4溶液中 ,卡托普利与Cu2 +发生氧化还原反应 ,生成卡托普利 Cu+络合物 ,在单扫描示波极谱仪上于 - 0 .44V(vs.SCE)处产生一灵敏的吸附还原波。该吸附还原波二阶导数峰电流与卡托普利浓度在 1.8× 10 - 7～ 1.8× 10 - 5mol L范围内呈线性关系 ;方法的检出限为 8.0× 10 - 8mol L ;回收率在 98.0 %～ 10 3%。     

铜(Ⅱ)与芳基取代酰基吡唑啉酮、腺嘌呤三元配合物吸附波的研究

在Hac-NaAc缓冲溶液中(pH 5.0),用单扫示波极谱法得到1-对氯苯基-3-呋喃基-4-呋喃甲酰基-5-吡唑啉酮(HL)、腺嘌呤(Ade)与铜(Ⅱ)三元配合物的灵敏吸附波,其峰电位为-0.58 V(vs.SEC).峰电流与铜质量浓度在0.02～10mg/L范围内分段呈线性关系,定量下限为2μg/L(3×10-8mol/L).采用多种电化学方法研究了极谱波的性质和电极反应机理.峰电流由中心离子铜(Ⅱ)还原产生.用直线法测得多元配合物组成比为1:1:1,表观稳定常数为7×107.此方法已用于粗盐、麦片和化妆品中痕量铜的测定,标准回收率98%～103%.     

钆(Ⅲ)-钙试剂络合物吸附波研究

在含有 0 .1 0 mol/L KCl,p H=1 0 .2的 NH3- NH4 Cl缓冲溶液中 ,用线性扫描示波极谱法测得 Gd( ) - Cal- red络合物有一灵敏的导数波 ,峰电位在 - 0 .84V,峰电流与钆 ( )的浓度在 1 .0× 1 0 - 7～ 5 .0× 1 0 - 6 mol/L范围内呈线性关系 ,检出限达1 .0× 1 0 - 7mol/L ;另外 ,试剂本身在 - 0 .61 V有导数极谱波 ,该波的峰电流随钆( )的浓度增加而降低 ,也具有一定的线性关系     

锑(Ⅲ)-芦丁-硒(Ⅳ)体系的极谱络合吸附波研究

在 5 .0× 1 0 - 6 mol/LSe(Ⅳ )的 0 .1 2mol/L氯乙酸盐缓冲溶液 (pH 3 2 )中 ,用单扫极谱法可得到锑 (Ⅲ ) 芦丁络合物灵敏的二次导数极谱波 ,Se(Ⅳ )的存在可使锑峰峰电位正移 ,峰高增加。峰电位为 - 0 .33V(vs.SCE) ,峰高与锑(Ⅲ )的浓度在 1 .6× 1 0 - 9mol/L～ 5 .0× 1 0 - 6mol/L范围内呈线性关系 ,检出限可达 4.0× 1 0 - 1 0 mol/L。研究了极谱波的性质和电极反应机理。方法已用于锌合金中微量锑的测定     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.