Pattern-fitting structure refinement of tin(II) oxide

The Rietveld profile-analysis refinement procedure has been applied to X-ray powder diffractometer data collected from tin(II) oxide with CuKα radiation. Background corrections were calculated by Aitken-Lagrange interpolation to remove errors resulting from simple linear interpolation. Four symmetric profile functions were tested; the use of a modified or an intermediate Lorentz function led to a more satisfactory fit than use of the Gauss or Lorentz function. A preferred-orientation function proposed by Toraya and Marumo gave lower R values than Rietveld's function. The positional parameter of the tin atom was found to be 0.2369, which is almost identical with the corresponding value reported for isomorphous lead(II) oxide.     

Reaction of copper(II) fluoro- and chloroacetates with triphenylphosphine oxide

Triphenylphosphine oxide adducts of copper(II) dichloro-, trichloro- and trifluoroacetate were prepared. Electronic, IR and EPR spectra as well as magnetic data over the temperature range 81–301 K have been mainly used for the determination of the stereochemistry and electronic structure of the adducts. The spectral and magnetic behaviours of the adducts are similar to that of copper(II) acetate hydrate. Some correlations between the magnetic and spectral data as well as the acidity of the respective acids are discussed. Cu(F₃CCOO)₂Ph₃PO, represent the first example of a stable binuclear copper(II) trifluoroacetate adduct.     

Structural researches on organotin(iv) compounds. synthesis and structure of nitratotriphenyl(triphenylphosphine oxide)tin(iv)

A nitrato-complex of organotin(IV) containing triphenylphosphine oxide, Sn(C₆H₅)₃(NO₃) [(C₆H₅)₃PO], has been synthesized and characterized by infrared spectroscopy and X-ray structural analysis. The compound crystallizes in space group P 1¯, with a = 11.817(6), b = 11.086(6), c = 12.471(6), α = 99.6(1),β = 90.8(1), γ = 97.8(1), Z = 2. The structure has been solved from X-ray diffractometer data by Patterson and Fourier methods and refined by least-squares calculations to R = 6.4% for 4301 independent reflections. The structure consists of discrete monomer units in which tin shows trigonal bipyramidal geometry.     

The effect of tin(II) chloride on the liquid-liquid extraction of tetrachloroplatinate(II) ions by triphenylphosphine in dichloromethane

The effect of tin(II) chloride on the extraction of tetrachloroplatinate(II) in 1.0–1.5 M HCl into dichloromethane with triphenylphosphine (TPP) is described. Tin(II) chloride dramatically increases the rate and efficiency of platinum extraction. The percentage of platinum extracted depends in a complicated way on the time allowed for extraction, the Pt:Sn(II) ratio, the Pt:TPP ratio, and to a lesser extent to the hydrochloric acid concentration. Tin is initially extracted into the organic phase, probably as [Pt(SnCl₃)Cl(PPh₃)₂], but is subsequently back-extracted into the aqueous phase, as a result of the relatively slow disproportionation reaction: [Pt(SnCl₃)Cl(PPh₃)₂]_org + cl^? ? [Pt(PPh₃)₂Cl₂]_org + SnCl^?₃.