Genetic diversity of Tricholoma matsutake in Yunnan Province

To investigate the genetic diversity of Tricholoma matsutake,we studied ITS and IGS1 sequences and PCR polymorphism of a retrotransposon in 56 fruit bodies collected from 13 counties of 9 regions in Yunnan Province. We found one and three haplotypes based on ITS and IGS1 sequences,respectively. Moreover,there was no significant difference in PCR polymorphism of the retrotransposon among different populations. Compared with Jilin Province(China) and Japanese populations,although Yun-nan was highly homogenous to Japanese populations,low genetic diversity of T. matsutake in Yunnan did not support the view that this species originated from Yunnan.     

Asymmetric epoxidation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">α</Emphasis>,<Emphasis Type="Italic">β</Emphasis>-unsaturated ketones using <Emphasis Type="Italic">α</Emphasis>,<Emphasis Type="Italic">α</Emphasis>-diarylprolinols as catalysts

Asymmetric epoxidation of α,β-unsaturated ketones has been extensively studied and several important procedures have been developed in the last decade. This review addresses the most significant advances in asymmetric epoxidation of α,β-unsaturated ketones using proline-derived α,α-diarylprolinols as catalysts. Special attention has been paid to the enantioselective epoxidation of chalcones, α,β-unsaturated trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl ketones and β,γ-unsaturated α-keto esters based on the reseach of our group.     

Transpositional behaviour of the Ds element in the Ac/Ds system in rice

Insertional mutagenesis based on maize Activator/Dissociator (Ac/Ds) transposons is becoming a ma- jor approach used to produce a saturated mutant collection in rice. In this research, Ds-T-DNA trans- formed homozygotes were crossed with Ac-T-DNA transformed homozygotes in order to establish an Ac/Ds transposon system in rice. The successive investigation of Ds transposition from F1 to F5 gen- erations indicated that the frequencies of germinal transposition increased over successive genera- tions and reached 54.2% in F3 generation. The Ds transposition pattern revealed that a Ds transposition induced an approximately 170-bp deletion of T-DNA sequence and another Ds transposition carried a 272-bp T-DNA sequence. Using thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR (TAIL-PCR), some flanking se- quences of the Ds element were amplified. Analyses of 17 Ds-flanking sequences showed that five Ds were inserted into gene regions. The Ds could transpose not only to the linked sites but also to the unlinked sites. The frequency of inter-chromosomal transposition of Ds was 33.3%.     

The R- and AR-indices： Complementing the h-index

Based on the foundation laid by the h-index we introduce and study the R- and AR-indices. These new indices eliminate some of the disadvantages of the h-index, especially when they are used in combina-tion with the h-index. The R-index measures the h-core’s citation intensity, while AR goes one step further and takes the age of publications into account. This allows for an index that can actually in-crease and decrease over time. We propose the pair (h, AR) as a meaningful indicator for research evaluation. We further prove a relation characterizing the h-index in the power law model.     

Electrosynthesis of poly（o-phenylenediamine） in ionic liquid and its properties

Ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (EMIMBr) and N-methylimidazolium tetrafluorobo-rate (HMIMBF4) have been used as solvent and electrolyte for the electropolymerization of o-phenylenediamine at glassy carbon electrode by cyclic voltammetry. It was found that monomer was more easily oxidized in ionic liquid than acidic aqueous solution,and oxidative potential was reduced by 0.725 and 0.455 V,respectively. Electrode modified with poly(o-phenylenediamine) (PPD) has obvi-ous electrochemical activity in acid solution (pH 1-4). The apparent diffusion coefficient (Dapp) of PPD film is measured by chronocoulometry and chronoamperometry. The polymer structure is measured by UV and IR. IR spectrometry reveals that poly(o-phenylenediamine) has phenazine ring structure. The heat stability of polymer is observed from thermogravimetry.     

Osmotically stress-regulated the expression of glutathione peroxidase 3 in Arabidopsis

Gene expression of glutathione peroxidase 3 (ATGPX3) in response to osmotic stress was analyzed in Arabidopsis using ATGPX3 promoter-glucuronidase (GUS) transgenic plants. High levels of GUS ex- pression were detected under osmotic stress in ATGPX3 promoter-GUS transgenic plants. Compared with the wild type, the growth and development of ATGPX3 mutants (atgpx3-1) were more sensitive to mannitol. In addition, the expression of RD29A, ABI1, ABI2 and RbohD in atgpx3-1 was induced by ABA stress. These results suggest that ATGPX3 might be involved in the signal transduction of osmotic stress.     

Molecular identification and phylosenetic position of Cuora yunnanensis

The Yunnan box turtle （Cuora yunnanensis, Boulenger, 1906）, which has drawn much attention in conservation biology, was regarded as extinct since it was previously known only from 12 specimens collected in Yunnan, China, before 1908. Recently, live specimens have been discovered which are suggested to be C. yunnanensis. To determine whether the newly discovered specimens are really C. yunnanensis, we have established a molecular phylogeny, with a 1725-bp fragment of mitochondrial DNA, using samples from three live individuals of C. yunnanensis, together with sequence data from a museum specimen of C. yunnanensis （MNHN 1907.10） and other members of the genus Cuora. We found that the three newly discovered individuals and the old museum specimen of C. yunnanensis are very similar both in morphology and in mitochondrial DNA sequence, suggesting that the three new individuals are the very C. yunnanensis, and thus the species is not extinct. Our phylogenetic analysis also demonstrates that C. yunnanensis is not of recent hybrid origin, but rather represents a distinct evolutionary lineage.     

A Group-Oriented （t,n） Threshold Signature Scheme with Traceable Signers

A group-oriented （t, n） threshold signature scheme employs the cryptographic techniques of secret share, allows any subset of t players out of n players to sign message on behalf of the group and disallows the creation of a valid signature if fewer than t players take part in the signature protocol. In this paper, we proposed a new group-oriented （t, n） threshold signature schemes with traceable signers based on Schnorr signature. The proposed scheme is proved traceable, robust and unforgeable against the ＂static＂ adversary with the discrete logarithm assumption in the random oracle model and existence of broadcast channel. The proofs of the strongest security （existential unforgeability against adaptively chosen message attacks under the discrete logarithm assumption） are provided in the random oracle model.