2-苯甲酰基嘧啶类化合物的合成与生物活性

2-嘧啶氧基-N-芳基苄胺类化合物结构经过两次骨架结构优化后得到2-苯甲酰基嘧啶类化合物二次先导结构.在二次先导结构基础上,共设计并合成了36个化合物,所有化合物结构经1H NMR、13C NMR、HRMS确认,并进行了室内杀菌活性筛选,对各部位取代基进行了逐次优化.结果表明2-苯甲酰基嘧啶类化合物中R1取代基以2位卤素或烷基取代的苯环或杂环活性最好;中间苯环6位引入氟原子活性保持;嘧啶环4,6位甲氧基取代活性较好,5位甲基取代活性大大降低;羰基被还原为羟基后活性消失.其中2,3-二氯-N-[2-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-甲酰基)苯氧基]-N-甲基苯甲酰胺(4AHl)、2,5-二氯-N-[2-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-甲酰基)苯氧基]-N-甲基苯甲酰胺(4AHn)及N-[2-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-甲酰基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N,2-二甲基苯甲酰胺(4AFd)对黄瓜白粉病的杀菌活性与对照样苯菌酮相当.     

新型2-(取代苄硫基)-5-(4,6-二甲基嘧啶-2-硫甲基)-1,3,4-噁二唑化合物的合成及生物活性

为寻找新型杂环活性化合物,通过活性亚结构拼接方法,以硫脲和乙酰丙酮为起始原料合成4,6-二甲基嘧啶-2-硫醇,随后经醚化、肼化、环化反应,最后与取代苄氯在微波辐射中合成得到13个新型2-(取代苄硫基)-5-(4,6-二甲基嘧啶-2-硫甲基)-1,3,4-噁二唑化合物.生物活性测试结果表明,在50μg/m L浓度下,部分化合物对尖孢炭疽病菌、枸杞炭疽病菌、草莓炭疽病菌具有较好的杀菌活性,其中取代基为3-氟时对尖孢炭疽病菌的抑制率达到80.22%;若干化合物还表现出良好的抗杜氏利什曼原虫活性,其中取代基为3-氯, 4-溴, 3-氟和4-叔丁基时, IC_(50)值均低于25μg/mL,优于对照药剂巴龙霉素.     

新型N-[2-((取代苯基)氨基)吡啶-3-基]嘧啶甲酰胺的合成、杀菌活性及分子对接

为寻找新型结构的琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂,以高效杀菌剂啶酰菌胺为先导化合物,设计、合成了17种N-[2-((取代苯基)氨基)吡啶-3-基]-4-甲基-2-甲硫基嘧啶-5-甲酰胺(4a～4g)和N-[2-((取代苯基)氨基)吡啶-3-基]-4-甲氧基-2-甲硫基嘧啶-5-甲酰胺(4h～4q),并通过~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR和MALDI-TOF-MS确证了化合物的结构.离体杀菌活性试验表明,在剂量为50μg/mL时, 16种化合物对菌核菌表现出较高的杀菌活性,抑制率在90%以上.一些化合物在此剂量下对灰霉菌显示出中等活性,抑制率为70%～84%.分子对接研究揭示了具有较高活性的化合物,N-[2-((3-氟-4-甲基苯基)氨基)吡啶-3-基]-2-甲硫基-4-甲氧基嘧啶-5-甲酰胺(4p)与琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)靶酶氨基酸形成4个氢键和一个阳离子-π相互作用.     

新型2-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基)嘧啶-4-甲酰胺的设计、合成、杀菌活性及分子对接研究

为寻找结构新颖的嘧啶类杀菌剂,以2-氯嘧啶-4-甲酸、1-甲基-4-吡唑硼酸频哪醇酯、取代苯胺或取代苄胺等为原料,经Suzuki偶联和酰胺化反应合成了13种2-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基)嘧啶-4-甲酰胺类化合物,其结构经过1H NMR、13CNMR、IR、HRMS鉴定,并利用X射线单晶衍射法确定了N-苄基-2-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基)嘧啶-4-甲酰胺(4h)的晶体结构.初步测试了目标化合物对3种植物病原菌的杀菌活性,在浓度为100 mg/L时, N-(4-甲基苯基)-2-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基)嘧啶-4-甲酰胺(4f)和N-(4-氯苄基)-2-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基)嘧啶-4-甲酰胺(4j)对水稻纹枯菌表现出较高的杀菌活性,抑制率分别为85.3%和79.1%.分子对接研究显示4f可与琥珀酸脱氢酶活性腔内的氨基酸残基形成2个氢键和1个阳离子-π相互作用.     

嘧啶（硫）醚类化合物的合成及除草活性

以2,4-二氯嘧啶为起始物设计并合成了一系列4-芳(硫)氧基-2-氯嘧啶和4-芳氧基-2-二甲氨基嘧啶化合物。利用2,4-二氯嘧啶2个氯原子的活性差异,酚取代嘧啶环上4位氯原子,然后二甲氨基取代2位的氯原子。所合成的化合物均经过了1H NMR和元素分析确证。为了确证酚首先在嘧啶环的4位发生亲核取代反应,用X衍射法测定了化合物3d的单晶结构。初步生物活性测定结果表明,大部分化合物都表现出一定的除草活性,其中化合物7c、7j、7k和7m在1.0×10-4g/mL质量浓度下对油菜的抑制率达到了80%以上。     

4, 6-二芳基-2-氨基嘧啶类衍生物的合成与生物活性

合成并表征了5种4,6-二芳基-2-氨基嘧啶类化合物。 测试了它们对大肠肝菌甲硫酰胺肽酶(EcMetAP)的抑制作用及对CXCR4受体的拮抗作用。 发现5种化合物均对EcMetAP酶活有抑制作用,除化合物2外均对CXCR4受体有拮抗作用。 利用FieldTemplater和FieldAlign软件对化合物1～5的上述活性构效关系进行了分析,初步认为化合物的嘧啶环3位N原子及4位取代苯环上若引入给电子基团,可增强这类化合物的EcMetAP酶抑制活性;在嘧啶环2位引入负电性较强的基团取代,改造2个苯环和嘧啶环的4、5、6位Ｃ原子的结构可增强其CXCR4受体拮抗活性。     

选择性合成双[噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮]

以2-氨基-4-三氟甲基-5-甲基-噻吩-3-羧酸乙酯(1)为起始原料制得膦亚胺2.在碳酸钾的催化下,膦亚胺2与芳基异氰酸酯和伯二胺的氮杂Wittig反应制得嘧啶环上2,2’取代的双[噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮]3;膦亚胺2与烷基异氰酸酯和伯二胺的氮杂Wittig反应制得嘧啶环上3,3’取代的双[噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮]4.化合物3的核磁共振氢谱表明关环反应在嘧啶环的2,2’位;化合物4的核磁共振氢谱表明关环反应在嘧啶环的3,3’位.对合成反应机理的推导及目标产物核磁共振氢谱数据的分析解释了此合成反应的选择性.     

3-取代苄基-6-三氟甲基嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮衍生物的合成及其除草活性的研究

为了进一步研究3-取代苄基-6-三氟甲基嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮衍生物的除草活性, 以期发现更高活性化合物, 合成了16个未见文献报道的3-取代苄基-6-三氟甲基嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮衍生物, 其结构均经过¹H NMR, IR和元素分析确证. 生测结果表明, 嘧啶环1-位取代基的变化, 不仅影响化合物的抑制活性与选择性, 可能还改变了化合物的作用方式. 定量的结构与活性关系研究表明, 当作用对象为油菜时, 化合物的活性可能主要与取代基R的摩尔分子折射常数有关; 当作用对象为稗草时, 化合物的活性可能主要与取代基R的电性参数有关. 1-位为氢时, 有利于对油菜生长的抑制; 1-位为甲基时, 有利于对稗草生长的抑制.     

具有除草活性的3-(嘧啶基-2)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2(3H)-酮衍生物的设计、 合成与定量构效关系的研究

设计合成了一系列未见文献报道的5-叔丁基-3-[4-取代-5-(氢)甲基嘧啶-2-基]-1,3,4-噁二唑-2(3H)-酮的衍生物, 其结构均经过1H NMR, IR和元素分析表征. 生测结果显示, 部分化合物表现出较好的除草活性. 定量的结构与活性关系研究表明, 它们的除草活性与取代基的立体效应参数和电性参数呈现很好的相关性, 相关系数r大于0.8. 当作用对象为油菜时, 化合物的活性可能主要与取代基R2的邻位立体效应参数Es和电性参数相关; 当作用对象为稗草时, 化合物的活性主要与取代基R2邻位立体效应参数Es和间位取代基电性参数相关.     

N-(4-取代嘧啶-2-基)苄基磺酰脲和苯氧基磺酰脲的3D-QSAR研究

采用比较分子力场分析(CoMFA)方法,对两类单取代嘧啶类似物、6个N-(4-取代嘧啶-2-基)-2-甲氧羰基苄基磺酰脲(1a～1f)和14个N-(4-取代嘧啶-2-基)-2-取代苯氧基磺酰脲(2a～2n)进行三维定量构效关系(3D-QSAR)研究.建立了一个较为可靠的预测模型.结果表明,分子中苯环邻位、嘧啶环形成氢键的N原子处以及嘧啶环4位和6位附近负电荷增加;苯环邻位乙氧基的CH₂CH₃附近选择带正电的原子;苯环邻位乙氧基附近空间体积增加,而嘧啶环4位甲氧基稍远处取代基的立体位阻不超过此位置,将有利于提高活性.最后解释了修饰磺酰脲的除草剂仍具有较高活性的原因.     

Design,synthesis and SAR study of novel sulfonylurea derivatives containing arylpyrimidine moieties as potential anti-phytopathogenic fungal agents

Three series of novel sulfonylureas (SUs) 9-11 containing aromatic-substituted pyrimidines were designed and synthesized. The 3D-QASR and molecular docking studies showed that SUs should be considered as potential antiphytopathogenic fungal agents.     

Design,synthesis and SAR study of novel sulfonylurea derivatives containing arylpyrimidine moieties as potential anti-phytopathogenic fungal agents

Acetohydroxyacid synthase(AHAS) was considered as a promising target for antifungal agents.Herein,three series of novel sulfonylureas(SUs) 9-11 containing aromatic-substituted pyrimidines were designed and synthesized according to pharmacophore-combination and bioisosterism strategy.The in vitro fungicidal activities against ten phytopathogenic fungi indicated that most of the title compounds exhibited broad-spectrum and excellent fungicidal activities.Based on the preliminary fungicidal activities,a CoMFA model was constructed and the 3 D-QSAR analysis indicated that either a bulky group around the 5-position of the pyrimidine ring or electropositive group around the 2-position of the benzene ring would be favour to fungicidal activities.In order to study interaction mechanism,10 k was automatically docked into yeast AHAS and it further indicated that bearing bulky groups-aryl at the pyrimidine ring was critical to enhance antifungal activities.It revealed that the antifungal activity of derivatives 9-11 probably results from the inhibition of fungal AHAS.Thus,the present results strongly showed that SUs should be considered as lead compounds or model molecules to develop novel antiphyt o pathogenic fungal agents.     

Synthesis and biological activities of novel 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid derivatives

A series of novel 2-amino-1, 3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by melting points, IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and HRMS or elemental analysis. Biological activities of all title compounds including fungicidal activity and antivirus activity were evaluated systematically. Preliminary bioassays indicated that these compounds exhibited good fungicidal activity at 50 μg/mL, compounds 4b and 4i exhibited over 50% activity against six fungi tested. Most compounds showed good activity against TMV with different models in vivo at 100 μg/mL. Compounds 4c and 4e stood out with high effects against TMV in vivo in all models tested, including protective, inactivative, curative, and inductive activities. These data demonstrate a new strategy for fungi and virus control.     

2-芳甲酰氨基硫羰基-3-异噻唑酮及4-氰基-5-甲硫基-2-芳甲酰氨基硫羰基-3-异噻唑酮的合成与生物活性

通过3-羟基异噻唑(4)和4-氰基-5-甲硫基-3-羟基异噻唑(5)分别与芳酰基异硫氰酸酯(3)反应,合成标题化合物2-芳甲酰氨基硫羰基-3-异噻唑酮(6a_6f)和4-氰基-5-甲硫基-2-芳甲酰氨基硫羰基-3-异噻唑酮(7a_7e),对此反应及产物的结构特点进行了探讨.     

新型黄烷酮类衍生物的合成、杀菌活性及定量构效关系研究

设计合成了14个含不同性质取代基的黄烷酮类化合物,并采用核磁共振氢波谱、质谱和元素分析对所有化合物的结构进行了表征.在系统测定化合物对水稻稻瘟病抑制活性的IC₅₀值的基础上,采用Hansch-Fujita方法和CoMFA方法对其定量结构活性关系进行了系统研究,结果发现,化合物的疏水性质、极化效应以及最高空轨道能级对杀菌活性有重要影响,化合物的疏水参数越小,分子越容易极化,则化合物的杀菌活性越高.此外,最高空轨道能级越低,化合物越容易接受电子,其杀菌活性也相应提高.通过考察∑π、clgP以及lgK与化合物杀菌活性的相关性,发现lgK能较好地反映该类化合物的疏水效应.三维定量构效关系研究表明,B环2,3,4位上含有较大体积的取代基,而6位含较小体积的取代基,有利于提高其杀菌活性.     

Synthesis and Biological Activity of Some Novel Aryl‐Substituted 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole Mannich Bases Containing Pyrimidine Rings

A series of novel Mannich base derivatives (E₁–E₁₅) of 5‐aryl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2‐thione with substituted pyrimidine were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H‐NMR. The antifungal activities of these compounds were also originally studied. The results showed that most of the title compounds exhibited relatively good fungicidal activities. Especially compounds E₈ and E₁₃ showed better antifungal activity than comparison compound hymexazol. The relationship of structure and activity revealed that the presence of the methyl group at four and six positions of pyrimidine ring remarkably enhanced the antifungal activity of title compounds.     

含1,2,4,5-四取代苯基的吡唑-4-甲酰胺类化合物的设计、 合成及生物活性

通过活性亚结构拼接的方法, 设计合成了一系列含四取代苯基的吡唑-4-甲酰胺类化合物, 所有化合物的结构均通过高分辨质谱（HRMS）和核磁共振氢谱（¹H NMR）确证. 生物活性测试结果表明, 部分化合物对苹果纹轮病菌、 水稻纹枯病菌、 油菜菌核病菌和黄瓜灰霉病菌表现出较好的杀菌活性. 化合物5c表现出较广的杀菌谱, 在浓度为50 μg/mL时对苹果纹轮病菌的抑制活性高达95.5%. 初步构效关系分析发现, 吡唑环N取代基为甲基或叔丁基时, 化合物表现出较好的活性; 含并环结构的化合物5′杀菌活性低于含单个苯环的化合 物5; 苯环取代基R²为低于4个碳的脂肪链时, 化合物杀菌活性更高.     

Synthesis,bioactivities and 3D-QSAR of novel avermectin B2a aglycon derivatives

Fourteen avermectin B2 a aglycon derivatives were designed and synthesized after removing the oleandrose disaccharide of avermectin B2 a.Their structures were characterized by’H NMR,13 C NMR,HMRS.Preliminary bioassays indicated that these compounds exhibited good insecticidal activity against diamondback moth at 200 mg/L,with mortality no less than 90%.Compounds 10 b,12 a,12 c,17 demonstrated good acaricidal activity against the adult mites,larvae,and good inhibition rate of hatching to mite eggs of Tetranychus cinnabarinus.Compounds 5,10 b,10 c exhibited excellent fungicidal activity against fourteen fungal pathogens in vitro.3 D-QSAR analysis showed that the fungicidal activity of avermectin B2 a aglycon derivatives would be increased when a negatively charged and bulky group was introduced at 13-position,which will be instructive for the further modification of avermectin B2 aaglycon.     

Synthesis and bioactivity of novel pyrazole oxime derivatives containing oxazole ring

A series of novel pyrazole oxime derivatives containing oxazole ring were designed and synthesized. The title compounds were structurally confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectra and elemental analyses. Preliminary bioassay results showed that some of the title compounds displayed promising fungicidal activity besides insecticidal and acaricidal activity. Particularly, compound 8c exhibited potent fungicidal activity against cucumber Pseudoperonospora cubensis beyond good insecticidal activity against Aphis craccivora and Nilaparvata lugens.