Aun(n=2,3,4)团簇与乙醇分子相互作用的第一性原理研究

利用密度泛函理论研究了Au_n(n=2,3,4)团簇与乙醇分子的吸附机理.研究结果表明:Au_n(n=2,3,4)团簇分别能够吸附1到n个乙醇分子,生成Au_n-(C₂H₆O)_1-n配合物;Au₄团簇吸附乙醇分子有多种构型,通过分析吸附能和Mulliken电荷分布,确定了4个乙醇分子的吸附顺序及相应的稳定构型;Au_n(n=3,4)团簇在吸附最后一个乙醇分子时改变了前面Au—O成键的作用模式,而是选择Au—H成键;作为吸附主体的金团簇和被吸附的乙醇分子在吸附前后构型变化都很少,它们之间的吸附作用为弱相互作用. 关键词： 金团簇 乙醇分子 密度泛函理论     

密度泛函理论对AunSc3(n=1—7)团簇结构和性质的研究

采用密度泛函理论中的广义梯度近似(GGA)对Au _{n Sc3(n=1—7)团簇的几何构型进行优化,并对能量、频率和电子性质进行了计算.结果表明,与纯金团簇相比,AunSc3 较早出现了立体结构,三角双锥结构的Au2Sc3是AunSc3(n>2)团簇生长的基元;Sc原子的掺杂提高了增强了Au 关键词： n} Sc₃团簇')" href="#">Au_n Sc₃团簇 几何结构 电子性质     

［Mg(NH2)2］n(n=1—5)团簇的密度泛函理论研究

用密度泛函理论的杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法在6-31G^*基组水平上对［Mg(NH₂)₂］_n(n=1—5)团簇各种可能的构型进行几何结构优化,预测了各团簇的最稳定结构.对最稳定结构的振动特性、成键特性、电荷特性等进行了理论研究.结果表明：团簇易形成链状结构,Mg—N键长为0.190—0.234 nm,N—H键长为0.101—0.103 nm,H—N—H键角为100.2°—107.5°;团簇中M 关键词： 2)₂］_n(n=1—5)团簇')" href="#">［Mg(NH₂)₂］_n(n=1—5)团簇 密度泛函理论 结构与性质 储氢材料     

(Ca3N2)n(n=1—4)团簇结构与性质的密度泛函理论研究

用密度泛函理论(DFT)的杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法在6-31G^*基组水平上对(Ca₃N₂)_n(n=1—4)团簇各种可能的构型进行几何结构优化,预测了各团簇的最稳定结构.并对最稳定结构的振动特性、成键特性、电荷特性和稳定性等进行了理论分析.结果表明,(Ca₃N₂)_n(n=1—4)团簇最稳定构型中N原子为3—5配位,Ca—N键长为0.231—0.251nm,Ca—Ca键长为0.295—0.358nm;N原子的自然电荷在-1.553e—-2.241e之间,Ca原子的自然电荷在1.035e—1.445e之间,Ca和N原子间相互作用呈现较强的离子性,Ca₃N₂和(Ca₃N₂)₃团簇有相对较高的动力学稳定性. 关键词： 3N₂)_n(n=1—4)团簇')" href="#">(Ca₃N₂)_n(n=1—4)团簇 密度泛函理论 结构与性质     

OsnN0,±(n=1—6)团簇几何结构与稳定性的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3LYP方法,在Lanl2dz基组水平上对(Os_nN)^0,±(n=1—6)团簇的各种可能构型进行了几何参数全优化,得到了它们的基态构型;并对基态构型的平均结合能(E_b) 、二阶能量差分(Δ₂E_n) 、解离能(E_d)和能隙(E_g)进行了理论研 关键词： nN^{0')" href="#">Os_nN0 (n=1—6)团簇')" href="#">±(n=1—6)团簇 几何结构 稳定性 密度泛函理论}     

Wn(n=3—27)原子团簇结构的第一性原理计算

使用密度泛函理论下的第一性原理方法,对W_n原子团簇(n=3—27)的结构特性进行了理论计算. 得到了W_n团簇(n=3—7)的最低能量结构和(n=8—27)的局域能量极小的典型结构. 使用凝胶模型,提出的电子组态1s²1p⁶1d¹⁰2s²1f¹⁴2p⁶3s ^{关键词： W团簇 结构性质 稳定性 从头计算}     

Cu吸附(SiO3)n(n=1—8)团簇几何结构和电子性质的密度泛函研究

运用密度泛函理论下的广义梯度近似和交换关联函数对Cu吸附(SiO₂)n(n=1—8)团簇的几何结构、电荷分布、稳定性和电子性质进行了较详细的研究,结果表明: Cu原子易于和带有悬挂键的Si原子作用并形成"铜岛膜"; Cu吸附(SiO₂)_n团簇后Si原子失去电子能力减弱,O原子得到电子能力增强;Cu(SiO₂)n(n 关键词： 密度泛函理论 2)_n (n=1—8)团簇')" href="#">Cu(SiO₂)_n (n=1—8)团簇 近红外吸收     

笼状Au$lt;sub$gt;20$lt;/sub$gt;内掺$lt;i$gt;M$lt;/i$gt;$lt;sub$gt;13$lt;/sub$gt;($lt;i$gt;M$lt;/i$gt;=Fe，Ti)团簇磁性的密度泛函计算研究

采用密度泛函理论中的广义梯度近似方法,对M₁₃（M=Fe,Ti）以及M₁₃内掺Au₂₀团簇的几何结构和磁性进行了计算研究.结果表明：M₁₃和M₁₃内掺Au₂₀团簇的几何结构在0.006—0.05 nm误差范围内保持着I_h对称性.Fe₁₃团簇最低能态的总磁矩为44 μ_B,内掺到Au₂₀笼中后形成的Fe₁₃内掺Au₂₀团簇的最低能态总磁矩为38 μ_B,且Au原子与内掺Fe₁₃团簇之间存在着弱铁磁相互作用.Ti₁₃团簇在总磁矩为6 μ_B时能量最低,掺入Au₂₀笼后形成的Ti₁₃内掺Au₂₀团簇最低能态总磁矩是4 μ_B,内表面12个Ti原子与表面Au壳之间是弱铁磁相互作用,而与中心Ti原子之间是弱反铁磁相互作用.由于Au₂₀笼状外壳的影响,Fe₁₃内掺Au₂₀和Ti₁₃内掺Au₂₀团簇中Fe₁₃和Ti₁₃的磁矩比无金壳的Fe₁₃和Ti₁₃团簇的磁矩分别减少了6.81 μ_B和2.88 μ_B. 关键词： 几何结构 磁性 密度泛函理论     

NO在Yn(n=1–12)团簇表面的解离性吸附

采用基于密度泛函理论中的广义梯度近似,在考虑自旋多重度的情况下,对Y_nNO（n=1–12）团簇进行了构型优化,以及稳定性和成键特性分析,结果表明：n=5,7,8,10时,NO吸附使相应的Y_n团簇基态结构发生了明显变化,吸附后,所有尺寸中的N–O键长明显伸长,振动频率减弱,表明NO在Y_n团簇表面发生的是解离性吸附,N–Y,O–Y键的共同作用使Y_nNO团簇具有很大的吸附能;特别是n=3,5,8时,N–O键断裂,吸附能值分别为9.92,9.24,9.82 eV. Y_nNO和Y_n 的二阶能量差分变化趋势表明,NO 吸附对Y_n团簇稳定性和成键特性均产生较大影响. N,O原子sp³轨道杂化时孤对电子的出现导致N–O键断裂,增强了N–Y和O–Y间的成键能力,使Y₃NO,Y₅NO,Y₈NO团簇表现出了很好的稳定性. 关键词： 团簇 NO吸附 基态结构 稳定性     

第一性原理对XMgn(X=B,Al, n=1—12)团簇的几何结构和电子性质的研究

利用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3PW91方法,在6-311G水平上对BMg_n,AlMg_n(n=1—12)团簇进行了几何结构优化和电子性质分析. 发现随着原子个数的增加, B原子进入镁团簇的内部, 而AlMg_n和镁团簇有相似的生长模式. B,Al原子的掺杂均能使镁团簇的平均结合能增大,稳定性增强, BMg_n,AlMg_n关键词： 密度泛函理论 最低能量结构 n和AlMg_n团簇')" href="#">BMg_n和AlMg_n团簇 NBO电荷布居     

Ab initio calculation of the geometric,electronic and magnetic properties of neutral and anionic Au n Pd (n = 1–9) clusters

The ab initio method based on density functional theory at the B3PW91 level has been applied to study the geometric, electronic, and magnetic properties of neutral and anionic Au _n Pd (n?=?1–9) clusters. The results show that the most stable geometric structures adopt a three-dimensional structure for neutral Au₇Pd and Au₈Pd clusters, but for anionic clusters, no three-dimensional lowest-energy structures were obtained. The relative stabilities of neutral and anionic Au _n Pd clusters were analysed by means of the dependent relationships between the binding energies per atom, the dissociation energies, the second-order difference of energies, the HOMO–LUMO energy gaps and the cluster size n, and a local odd–even alternation phenomenon was found. Natural population analysis indicates the sequential transfer from the Pd atom to the Au _n frame in Au_1,2,3,5Pd and Au_2,3Pd^? clusters, and from the Au _n frame to the Pd atom in other clusters. Much to our surprise, irrespective of whether it is the total magnetic moment or the local magnetic moment, the magnetic moment presents an odd–even alternation phenomenon as a function of the cluster size n. The magnetic effects are mainly localized on the various atoms (Au or Pd) for different cluster size n.     

Structural and electronic properties of silver-doped gold clusters Au n Ag v (2 ≤ n ≤ 10; v = 0, ±1): comparison with pure gold clusters

The structural and electronic properties of silver-doped gold clusters Au _n Ag ^v (2?≤?n?≤?10; v?=?0,?±1) have been systematically investigated using density functional theory. The results show that the ground state optimal structures of the cationic and neutral clusters are found to be planar up to n?=?3 and 9, respectively. However, for the anionic clusters, no three-dimensional lowest-energy structures are obtained according to DFT calculations. The calculated binding energy and dissociation energy as a function of cluster size exhibit odd–even alternations. The natural population analysis indicates that in Au _n Ag ^v clusters charges transfer from the Ag atom to the Au frames. The trends for the vertical detachment energies, adiabatic electron affinities, adiabatic ionization potentials, and chemical hardness of Au _n Ag ^v clusters, as the cluster size increases, are studied in detail and compared with the available experimental data.     

Geometries, stabilities, and electronic properties of Be-doped gold clusters: a density functional theory study

We have systematically investigated the geometrical structures, relative stabilities and electronic properties of small bimetallic AunBe (n = 1, 2, . . . , 8) clusters using a density functional method at BP86 level. The optimized geometries reveal that the impurity beryllium atom dramatically affects the structures of the Aun clusters. The averaged binding energies, fragmentation energies, second-order difference of energies, the highest occupied-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy gaps and chemical hardness are investigated. All of them exhibit a pronounced odd-even alternation, manifesting that the clusters with even number of gold atoms possess relatively higher stabilities. Especially, the linear Au2Be cluster is magic cluster with the most stable chemical stability. According to the natural population analysis, it is found that charge-transferring direction between Au atom and Be atom changes at the size of n = 4.     

A systematic investigation of the geometries,electronic and magnetic properties of AlnAsq (q = −1, 0, +1; n = 1–16) clusters: a DFT calculation

The geometries, electronic and magnetic properties of Al_nAs^q (q = ?1, 0, +1; n = 1–16) clusters have been investigated systematically by using an unbiased CALYPSO structure searching method and density functional theory. The lowest energy structures show that the As atom prefers to occupy the peripheral position of Al_n+1 clusters instead of the endohedral position. For cationic and neutral clusters, the structural transition from bilayer-like structure to cage-like structure is observed at cluster size n = 12, while it occurs at n = 13 for anionic clusters. The calculated detachment energies (DEs), ionisation potentials (IPs) and electronic affinities (EAs) are consistent with the available experimental and theoretical results for small clusters, indicating that the calculated lowest energy structures are reliable. Furthermore, the DE, EA and IP values for cluster size n ≥ 6 are successfully predicted. A stability analysis shows that Al₅As and Al₁₂As⁺ clusters have relatively large HOMO–LUMO energy gaps, corresponding to the magic numbers of 20 and 40 valence electrons, respectively.     

Structural,electronic and magnetic properties of gold cluster doped with calcium: Au n Ca (n = 1–8)

The geometrical structures, relative stabilities, electronic and magnetic properties of calcium-doped gold clusters Au _n Ca (n?=?1–8) have been systematically investigated by employing density functional method at the BP86 level. The optimised geometries show that the ground-state structures are planar structures for Au _n Ca (n?=?3–8) clusters. Ca-substituted Au _{n +1} clusters, as well as Au-capped Au _{n ?1}Ca clusters, are dominant growth patterns for the Au _n Ca clusters. The relative stabilities of Au _n Ca clusters for the ground-state structures are analysed based on the averaged binding energies, fragmentation energies and second-order difference of energies. The calculated results reveal that the Au₂Ca isomer is the most stable structure for small size Au _n Ca (n?=?1–8) clusters. The HOMO-LUMO energy gaps as a function of the cluster size exhibit a pronounced even–odd alternation phenomenon. Subsequently, charge transfers and magnetic moment of Au _n Ca (n?=?1–8) clusters have been analysed further.     

Structural,electronic and magnetic properties of Au<Subscript>n</Subscript>Pt (n = 1−12) clusters in comparison with corresponding pure Au<Subscript>n+1</Subscript> (n = 1−12) clusters

An all-electron scalar relativistic calculation on Au _n Pt (n = 1−12) clusters has been performed by using density functional theory with the generalized gradient approximation at PW91 level. Our results reveal that all the lowest energy geometries of Au _n Pt  (n = 1−12) clusters may be generated by substituting Pt atom for one gold atom of the Au _n+1 cluster at the highest coordinated site. Compared with corresponding pure Au _n+1 cluster, the lowest energy geometries of Au _n Pt clusters are distorted slightly and still keep the planar structures due to the strong scalar relativistic effect in small gold cluster. The Au-Pt bonds are stronger and most Au-Au bonds far from Pt atom are weaker than the corresponding Au-Au bonds in pure Au _n+1 cluster. By substituting Pt atom for one gold atom of Au _n+1 cluster at the highest coordinated site, the relatively stable and inactive odd-numbered Au _n+1 cluster becomes the relatively unstable and reactive odd-numbered Au _n Pt cluster, and the relatively unstable and reactive even-numbered Au _n+1 cluster becomes the relatively stable and inactive even-numbered Au _n Pt  cluster chemically and electronically. All the Au _n Pt clusters prefer low spin multiplicity. The even-numbered Au _n Pt clusters are found to exhibit zero magnetic moment and the odd-numbered Au _n Pt clusters are found to possess magnetic moment with the value of 1 μ _B. The odd-even alterations of magnetic moments and electronic configurations for Au _n Pt clusters are very obvious and may be simply understood in terms of the electron pairing effect.     

Geometrical,energetic and electronic properties of Au_n-(C_3H_6O)_m complexes(n = 3,5,m≤n):A density functional theory study

<正>The interactions of acetone molecules with clusters of AU_3 and Au_5 are investigated by using a density functional theory(DFT) within a generalized gradient approximation(GGA).The geometries,adsorption energies and deformation electron density distributions are used to analyse these interactions.The present calculations show that more than one acetone molecule can be adsorbed onto small gold clusters,and this adsorption is different from that of single molecule absorption.The coordination number of the adsorption site on the gold cluster is the dominant factor responsible for the strength of the interactions.The effects of the Au-O bond lengths in the complexes on adsorption energies between Au clusters and acetone molecules are also examined.     

All-electron scalar relativistic calculation on the interaction between nitric monoxide and small gold cluster

An all-electron scalar relativistic calculation on Au _n NO (n = 1–10) clusters has been performed by using density functional theory with the generalized gradient approximation at the PW91 level. The small gold cluster would like to bond with nitric and the nitric monoxide molecule prefers to occupy the on-top and single fold coordination site. The Au _n structures in all Au _n NO clusters are only distorted slightly and still keep the planar structures. With the bend of Au-N-O bond, the structures of Au _n NO clusters evolve from the 2D structure to 3D structure. The most favorable adsorption between small gold cluster and nitric monoxide molecule takes place in the case that nitric monoxide molecule is adsorbed onto an odd-numbered pure Au _n cluster and becomes odd-numbered Au _n NO cluster with even number of valence electrons. The scalar relativistic effect strengthens the Au–Au, Au–N interaction and weakens the N–O interaction, appearing as the shorter Au–Au, Au–N bond-length and the longer N–O bond-length. The differences between our work and previous work are believed to be the reflection of the scalar relativistic effect.     

Structural stability and electronic properties of Au5Hn (n=1–10) clusters

A systematic study on the geometrical structures, electronic and magnetic properties of Au₅H _n (n=1–10) clusters has been performed by using the all-electron scalar relativistic density functional theory with generalized gradient approximation at the PW91 level. It is found that all Au₅H _n clusters prefer to keep the planar structures like pure Au₅ cluster, the Au₅ structures in Au₅H₄, Au₅H₅ and Au₅H₆ clusters are distorted obviously. The adsorption of a number of hydrogen atoms enhances the stability of Au₅ cluster and all Au₅H _n clusters are more stable than pure Au₅ cluster energetically. The odd-even alteration of magnetic moment is observed in Au₅H _n clusters and may be served as the material with tunable code capacity of “0” and “1” by adsorbing odd or even number of H atoms. It seems that the most favorable adsorption between Au₅ cluster and a number of hydrogen atoms takes place in the case that the odd number of hydrogen atoms is adsorbed onto Au₅ cluster and becomes Au₅H _n cluster with even number of valence electrons.     

Density-functional theory study of the geometries,stabilities, and electronic properties of Au n Rb (n = 1–10) clusters: comparison with pure gold clusters

The density functional method with the relativistic effective core potential has been employed to investigate systematically the geometric structures, relative stabilities, growth-pattern behavior, and electronic properties of small bimetallic Au _n Rb (n?=?1–10) and pure gold Au _n (n?≤?11) clusters. For the geometric structures of the Au _n Rb (n?=?1–10) clusters, the dominant growth pattern is for a Rb-substituted Au _{n +1} cluster or one Au atom capped on a Au _{n –1}Rb cluster, and the turnover point from a two-dimensional to a three-dimensional structure occurs at n?=?4. Moreover, the stability of the ground-state structures of these clusters has been examined via an analysis of the average atomic binding energies, fragmentation energies, and the second-order difference of energies as a function of cluster size. The results exhibit a pronounced even–odd alternation phenomenon. The same pronounced even–odd alternations are found for the HOMO–LUMO gap, VIPs, VEAs, and the chemical hardness. In addition, about one electron charge transfers from the Au _n host to the Rb atom in each corresponding Au _n Rb cluster.