交叉关联噪声对光学双稳系统平均首通时间的影响

研究了乘性色噪声和加性白噪声驱动的光学双稳系统中噪声对系统两个方向平均首通时间T₊（x_s1→x_s2）和T_-（x_s2→x_s1）的影响（平均首通时间是指从一稳态出发越过势垒到另一稳态所用时间的平均值）.通过Novikov定理和Fox近似方法得到相应的Fokker-Planck方程,利用最速下降法得到T₊（x_s1→x_s2）和T_-（x_s2→x_s1）的表达式.研究发现：乘性噪声强度Q和加性噪声强度D对T₊（x_s1→x_s2）的影响相同,对T_-（x_s2→x_s1）的影响不同;T₊（x_s1→x_s2）随乘性色噪声自关联时间τ的增大而增大,但随噪声间的交叉关联强度λ的增大而减小;T_-（x_s2→x_s1）随τ的增大而减小,随λ的增大而增大. 关键词： 平均首通时间 光学双稳系统 乘性色噪声 加性白噪声     

交叉色关联噪声驱动的单模激光系统统计性质研究

采用交叉色关联的加性色噪声和乘性色噪声驱动的单模激光立方模型,通过诺维科夫理论和福克斯近似以及斯特拉托诺维奇近似,得到反映激光统计性质的强度关联函数C的表达式;研究关联时间τ、净增益系数a₀和交叉关联强度λ对强度关联函数C的影响.数值模拟发现,在阈值以上（a₀>0）时,关联函数C随关联时间τ的增大而增大;在阈值以下（a₀<0）时,关联函数C随关联时间τ的增大而减小.无论在阈值以上还是阈值以下,关联函数C均随交叉关联强度λ的增大而减小.在C-a₀曲线上存在单峰. 关键词： 单模激光 交叉关联 强度涨落 强度关联函数     

双色噪声驱动非对称双稳系统平均第一穿越时间研究

利用统一色噪声近似理论,研究乘性色噪声和加性色噪声驱动的非对称双稳系统中,势阱的非对称性和噪声对系统两个方向的平均第一穿越时间T₊（x_s1→x_s2）和T_-（x_s2→x_s1）的影响（x_s1和x_s2是双稳系统的两个稳定点）.数值结果表明：T₊（x_s1→x_s2）随乘性噪声的自关联时间τ₁以及加性噪声的自关联时间τ₂的增大而减小.T_-（x_s2→x_s1）随乘性噪声的自关联时间τ₁以及加性噪声的自关联时间τ₂的增大而增大.在曲线（T₊（x_s1→x_s2）,λ）和（T_-（x_s2→x_s1）,λ）上都存在单峰.T₊（x_s1→x_s2）随非对称系数r的增大而增大,T_-（x_s2→x_s1）随非对称系数r的增大而减小. 关键词： 统一色噪声近似 平均第一穿越时间 加性色噪声 乘性色噪声     

色噪声间关联的周期调制对单模激光随机共振的影响

讨论色噪声驱动的单模激光系统在噪声间关联程度受时间周期调制情况下的随机共振.用线性化近似的方法计算了光强功率谱及信噪比.具体讨论色噪声情况下信噪比R受噪声强度D,Q,时间周期调制频率Ω_λ以及噪声自关联时间τ₁,τ₂和噪声间关联程度λ的影响.发现信噪比随噪声强度的变化呈单峰共振,信噪比随时间周期调制频率的变化呈周期性共振,而信噪比随 关键词： 色噪声 时间周期调制 噪声间关联程度 周期性随机共振     

非高斯噪声激励下FHN神经元系统的定态概率密度与平均首次穿越时间

研究了非高斯噪声激励下的FHN神经元系统,应用路径积分法和统一色噪声近似得到系统的定态概率密度函数和平均首次穿越时间表达式.发现了加性噪声强度Q能够诱导非平衡相变的产生,乘性噪声强度D、偏离参数p及关联时间τ₀均不能诱导非平衡相变发生;非高斯噪声的存在缩短了细胞神经元系统静息态和激发态之间的转化时间,有利于神经元信息的传递. 关键词： FHN神经元系统 非高斯噪声 定态概率密度 平均首次穿越时间     

固体核磁共振研究半晶聚-3-羟基丁酸酯和聚羟基丁酸戊酸酯的分子动力学

本文在150~370 K温度范围内,采用固体核磁共振（NMR）测定了半晶聚-3-羟基丁酸酯（PHB）,以及3-羟基戊酸酯单体质量分数分别为5%（PHBV5）和12%（PHBV12）的聚羟基丁酸戊酸酯共聚物在实验室坐标系和旋转坐标系条件下质子的自旋-晶格弛豫时间T₁和T_1ρ.通过弛豫时间随温度变化的理论拟合,分别获得上述半晶聚合物晶区和结晶区的分子动力学参数（包括E_a和τ₀）.这些结果从分子水平上阐述了PHB结构修饰和增强的原因.     

色噪声驱动的非对称双稳系统的平均首次穿越时间

研究了由关联乘性色噪声及加性白噪声驱动的非对称双稳系统中势阱的非对称性及噪声对系统两个方向平均首次穿越时间的影响. 首先利用一致有色噪声近似推导了系统的稳态概率密度的表达式，根据最速下降法推导了平均首次穿越时间的表达式. 数值结果表明：势阱的非对称性对两个方向的平均首次穿越时间的影响是不同的；由于噪声的关联性，即使对于关联乘性色噪声及加性白噪声驱动的对称双稳系统，两个方向的平均首次穿越时间也不再相等；在lnT₊-r和lnT_{-关键词： 平均首次穿越时间 非对称双稳系统 乘性色噪声 加性白噪声}     

α稳定噪声驱动的非对称双稳随机共振现象

以微弱周期信号激励的非对称双稳系统为模型, 以信噪比增益为指标, 首先针对加性和乘性α 稳定噪声共同作用的随机共振现象展开了研究, 然后针对单独加性α 稳定噪声激励的随机共振现象进行了研究, 探究了α 稳定噪声特征指数α 和对称参数β 分别取不同值时, 系统结构参数a, b, 刻画双稳系统非对称性的偏度r以及α 稳定噪声强度放大系数Q或D对非对称双稳系统共振输出的作用规律. 研究结果表明, 无论在加性和乘性α 稳定噪声共同作用下还是在单独加性α 稳定噪声作用下, 通过调节a和b或者r均可诱导随机共振, 实现微弱信号的检测, 且有多个参数区间与之对应, 这些区间不随α 或β 的变化而变化; 在研究噪声诱导的随机共振现象时发现, 调节噪声强度放大系数也可使系统产生随机共振现象, 且达到共振状态时D的区间也不随α 或β 的变化而变化. 这些结论为α 稳定噪声环境下参数诱导随机共振中系统参数以及噪声诱导随机共振中噪声强度的合理选取提供了依据.     

块体非晶合金的黏度与玻璃形成能力的关系

基于经典结晶理论讨论了非晶合金的晶化动力学因素和晶化热力学因素对玻璃形成能力（GFA）的影响.分析表明,合金的等温转变（TTT）曲线“鼻尖”温度T_n对应的黏度与晶化阻力因子成正比;重新加热时晶化开始温度T_x对应的黏度与晶化驱动力因子成反比.由此得到了新的GFA参数ω₀=（T_g-T₀）/（T_x-T₀）-（T_g-T₀）/（T_n-T₀）,其中T_g为玻璃转变温度,T₀为理想玻璃转变温度.统计结果显示,ω₀与临界冷却速率具有较高的相关性,R²高达09626.进一步分析表明：新提出的ω₀参数可以合理地解释过冷熔体的黏度、脆性、液相稳定性、热稳定性以及T_rg、ΔT_x、γ、γ_m、ΔT_rg、α、β、δ和φ等参数与GFA的关系. 关键词： 块体非晶合金 黏度 脆性 玻璃形成能力     

光解苯半醌自由基的CIDEP谱

用高时间分辨ESR谱仪实验给出了光解对苯醌产生的苯半醌自由基的CIDEP发射谱.用三重态机理,同时考虑了自由基对机理的影响,从理论上分析了极化强度,计算出了增强因子V(Ⅰ)=-0.66,V(R)=0.2,一级反应速率k_1,A=0.05/μs,二级反应速率β=0.02/μs,横向和纵向弛豫时间T₁≈T₂=2.3μs.     

Associated relaxation time and the correlation function for a tumor cell growth system subjected to color noises

The associated relaxation time Tc and the normalized correlation function C(s) for a tumor cell growth system subjected to color noises are investigated. Using the Novikov theorem and Fox approach, the steady probability distribution is obtained. Based on them, the expressions of Tc and C(s) are derived by means of projection operator method, in which the effects of the memory kernels of the correlation function are taken into account. Performing the numerical computations, it is found: (1) With the cross-correlation intensity |λ|, the additive noise intensity α and the multiplicative noise self-correlation time τ₁ increasing, the tumor cell numbers can be restrained; And the cross-correlation time τ₃, the multiplicative noise intensity D can induce the tumor cell numbers increasing; However, the additive noise self-correlation time τ₂ cannot affect the tumor cell numbers; The relaxation time Tc is a stochastic resonant phenomenon, and the distribution curves exhibit a single-maximum structure with D increasing. (2) The cross-correlation strength λ weakens the related activity between two states of the tumor cell numbers at different time, and enhances the stability of the tumor cell growth system in the steady state; On the contrast, τ₁ and τ₃ enhance the related activity between two states at different time; However, τ₂ has no effect on the related activity between two states at different time.     

Effects of Self-Correlation Time and Cross-Correlation Time of Additive and Multiplicative Colored Noises for Dynamical Properties of a Bistable System

Considering a bistable system driven by additive and multiplicative colored noises with colored cross-correlation, we obtain the analytic expressions of the stationary probability distribution P _st(x), the linear relaxation time T _c , and the correlated function C(s). The effects of the noise intensity, the self-correlation time and the cross-correlation time for the bistable system are discussed. The noise intensity D speeds up relaxation of the system from unstable points, which when D < Q, the effects are the most obvious; when D > Q, the effects are damped. The self-correlation time τ₁ and τ₂ make the stationary probability distribution of the dynamical variable x be shaper and speed up the fluctuation decay of the dynamical variable x. On the contrary, the cross-correlation time τ₃ makes the stationary probability distribution of the dynamical variable x be flatter and slows down the fluctuation decay of the dynamical variable x. The effect of the self-correlation time is more projecting than the effect of the cross-correlation time. PACS number: 05.40.−a, 02.50.−r, 05.10.Gg.     

色噪声驱动的肿瘤细胞增长系统的瞬态性质:平均首通时间

研究了受色高斯噪声驱动的肿瘤细胞增长系统的瞬态态性质(平均首通时间T). 据Novikov定理和Fox近似方法得到相应的Fokker-Planck方程,使用最快下降法得到了肿瘤细胞增长系统的平均首通时间的解析表达式.经过数值计算,结果表明：肿瘤增长系统的T在正关联(0<λ<1, λ为关联噪声强度)和负关联(-1<λ<0)呈现出不同的特性. 正关联时,噪声强度和对应的关联时间在态转化过程中起着相反的作用;然而,负关联时,肿瘤增长系统的关键词： 色噪声 肿瘤细胞增长系统 平均首通时间     

Colored Gaussian noises induced stochastic resonance and stability transition for an insect growth system driven by a multiplicative periodic signal

In this paper, we focus on investigating the steady-state shift behaviors and the stochastic resonance phenomenon (SR) for a biological insect population system with a multiplicative periodic signal caused by the terms of the colored multiplicative and additive noises. Our research results imply that the multiplicative noise and the self-correlation of the additive noise can weaken the stability of the biological system and restrain the growth of the insect population, while the additive noise and the self-correlation time of the multiplicative noise can strengthen the stability of the insect system and facilitate the biological population to breed. As regards to the phenomenon of the SR evoked by a multiplicative periodic signal, noise terms and their correlation times, the computed results show that the additive noise intensity M and the self- correlation time τ₁ of the multiplicative noise can both improve the SR effect. Inversely, the multiplicative noise intensity Q and the self-correlation time τ₂ of the additive noise can suppress together the SR phenomenon. Whereas, it should be pointed out that in the SNR-Q and SNR-M plots, the two self-correlation times can both motivate a resonant peak, but not change the peak value of the SNR no matter how the two noise correlation times vary.     

Associated relaxation time and intensity correlation function of a bistable system driven by cross-correlation additive and multiplicative coloured noise sources

The associated relaxation time and the intensity correlation function of a bistable system driven by an additive and a multiplicative coloured noise with coloured cross-correlation are investigated. Using the Novikov theorem and the projection operator method, the analytic expressions of the stationary probability distribution P_st(x), the relaxation time T_c, and the normalized correlation function C(s) of the system are obtained. The effects of the noise intensity, the cross-correlation strength λ and the cross-correlation time τ are discussed. By numerical computation, it is found that the cross-correlation strength |λ| and the quantum noise intensity D decrease the relaxation of the system from unstable points. The cross-correlation time τ delays relaxation of the system from unstable points. The cross-correlation strength λ and the cross-correlation time τ can alter the effects of the pump noise intensity Q. Thus, the relaxation time T_c is a stochastic resonant phenomenon, and distribution curves exhibit a single-maximum structure.     

Stochastic resonance for a metapopulation system driven by multiplicative and additive colored noises

We investigate the stochastic resonance(SR) phenomenon induced by the periodic signal in a metapopulation system with colored noises. The analytical expression of signal-to-noise is derived in the adiabatic limit. By numerical calculation, the effects of the addictive noise intensity, the multiplicative noise intensity and two noise self-correlation times on SNR are respectively discussed. It shows that:(i) in the case that the addictive noise intensity M takes a small value, a SR phenomenon for the curve of SNR appears; however, when M takes a large value, SNR turns into a monotonic function on the multiplicative noise intensity Q.(ii) The resonance peaks in the plots of the multiplicative noise intensity Q versus its self-correlation time τ1 and the addictive noise intensity M versus its self-correlation time τ2 translate in parallel. Meanwhile, a parallel translation also appears in the plots of τ1 versus Q and τ2 versus M.(iii) The interactive effects between self-correlation times τ1 and τ2 are opposite.     

Moments of the intensity of a single-mode laser driven by coloured pump noises with a cross-correlation between the real and imaginary parts of the quantum noise

By means of the unified coloured noise approximation and phase lock, we study in this paper the stationary intensity distribution of the single-mode laser cubic model driven by coloured pump noise with cross-correlation between the real and imaginary parts of the quantum noise. We present a thorough discussion of how the cross-correlation λ_q between the real and imaginary parts of the quantum noise and the self-correlation time τ of the pump noise determine the behaviours of the mean intensity 〈I〉 and variance λ_2 (0) for both below and above the threshold operation, and many new phenomena are discovered. When the laser is operated above the threshold, increasing the cross-correlation intensity λ_q makes the 〈I 〉－τ curves exhibit a "re-entrant phase transition". Whether the laser is above or below the threshold, the whole 〈I 〉－τ curve moves down as λ_q increases; however, when λ_q=1 (perfect cross-correlation), the curve abruptly runs up. A nonzero value of cross-correlation time τ (τ≠0) leads to the entire λ_2(0)－p′ curve being suppressed (here p′ is the pump noise intensity). This indicates the increasing precision of the laser beam due to the existence of the self-correlation time τ. The behaviour of the λ_2 (0)－p′ curve as a function of λ_q is similar to that of the 〈I 〉－τ curve against λ_q: that is, whether the laser is above or below the threshold, the λ_2 (0)－p′ curve moves up as λ_q increases; however, when λ_q=1, the curve suddenly moves down. Through the study in this paper, we can find a way to optimize for output laser intensity.τ     

Intensity correlation time of a single-mode laser driven by two coloured noises with coloured cross-correlation with direct signal modulation

In this paper, the intensity correlation time T is studied for the gain-noise model of a single-mode laser driven by coloured pump noise and coloured quantum noise with coloured cross-correlation with a direct signal modulation. By using the linear approximation method, it is found that when the pump noise is modulated directly by a signal, the effects of the cross-correlation between the pump noise and the quantum noise will disappear. In addition, there exists a maximum (i.e. resonance) in the curve of the intensity correlation time $T$ versus the pump noise self-correlation time \tau¹. Furthermore, when \tau¹\le\tau², the intensity correlation time T increases monotonically with the increase of $D$ and decreases monotonically with the increase of Q, but when \tau¹>\tau², the intensity correlation time T increases monotonically with the increase of Q and decreases monotonically with the increase of D.