石墨烯/碳纳米管复合膜修饰电极检测亚硝酸根

本研究先采用滴涂法制备了多壁碳纳米管修饰电极,然后采用电化学沉积技术从含有氧化石墨烯的溶液中制备了石墨烯(GR)/多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)复合膜修饰电极(GR/MWCNT/GCE)。研究了亚硝酸根(NO2-)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为。结果表明,该修饰电极对亚硝酸根的电氧化具有高的催化活性。在pH 7.00的PBS缓冲溶液中,微分脉冲伏安法测定亚硝酸根的线性范围为1.0×10-7mol·L-1~1.7×10-3mol·L-1,检出限为5.0×10-8mol·L-1(S/N=3)。用该法测定了土壤中亚硝酸根的含量,结果令人满意。     

用稀土(镱)杂多酸盐/多壁碳纳米管修饰的玻碳电极测定亚硝酸根

将多壁碳纳米管分散在镱(Ⅲ)杂多酸盐溶液中,将上述获得的悬浊液滴涂在玻碳电极表面,制备了镱(Ⅲ)杂多酸盐/多壁碳纳米管修饰的玻碳电极(YbHS-MWCNT′s/GCE)。采用交流阻抗法对电极表面的性能进行了表征,采用循环伏安法对其电化学性能进行研究。研究发现,亚硝酸根在该修饰电极上出现一个氧化峰,氧化峰电位在-0.45V处,提出了用循环伏安法测定亚硝酸根的方法。亚硝酸根的浓度在5.0×10-6～1.0×10-4mol.L-1范围内,氧化峰电流与其浓度呈线性关系。修饰电极用于环境水样中亚硝酸根离子的测定,回收率在97.2%～98.0%之间。     

多壁碳纳米管修饰电极对核黄素的电催化研究

碳纳米管具有导电性和完整的表面结构，因而它可用作一种良好的电极材料。核黄素（维生素B2，RF）是黄素单核苷酸（FMN）和黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸（FAD）的组成部分。而FMN和FAD是生命体中重要的辅酶，也是多种重要脱氢酶的辅酶，在线粒体呼吸链中起着传递电子和质子的作用。FMN和FAD分子中传递电子的功能部分与核黄素相同，均为异吡咯嗪环。本文用电化学方法研究了核黄素的电化学性质。     

多壁碳纳米管修饰电极对对苯二酚的电催化作用

研究了多壁纳米碳管修饰电极的制备及其对对苯二酚的电催化作用。讨论了支持电解质种类、酸度、修饰层厚度和扫速等因素对对苯二酚伏安响应的影响 ,获得了较为优化的实验条件。在 0 .1mol/L磷酸盐 (pH 6 .0 )缓冲溶液中 ,采用示差脉冲伏安法测定对苯二酚 ,其浓度在 5 .0× 1 0 -6～ 1 .1× 1 0 -3 mol/L范围内与其氧化峰电流呈良好的线性关系 ,检出限达 2 .7× 1 0 -6mol/L。共存的多种金属离子、抗坏血酸及等量的苯酚、邻苯二酚等不干扰测定。该电极用于模拟废水样中对苯二酚的测定 ,结果令人满意     

Fe修饰多壁碳纳米管电极高效产H2O2

为提高电芬顿(Electro-Fenton)体系H2O2的产率, 制备了多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)电极, 并与石墨/气体扩散(GDC)电极进行了比较. 结果表明, MWNT电极H2O2产率高于GDC电极. 采用电沉积方法, 制备了Fe修饰MWNT(Fe-MWNT)电极, 发现Fe对MWNT电极的修饰不仅可以提高体系的H2O2产率, 而且电流效率可以提高8%左右, 与GDC电极的电流效率接近. Fe-MWNT电极有望成为一种新型的阴极材料应用于Electro-Fenton体系中.     

多壁碳纳米管-Nafion修饰电极测定左旋氧氟沙星

本文报道了用多壁碳纳米管-Nafion修饰玻碳电极测定痕量左旋氧氟沙星的方法。详细研究了左旋氧氟沙星在修饰电极上的电化学行为。实验表明,该电极对左旋氧氟沙星具有良好的电催化作用。在伏安图中,+1.73V处出现一灵敏氧化峰,利用该峰可进行左旋氧氟沙星的测定。在优化条件下,氧化峰电流与左旋氧氟沙星的浓度在0.001~0.5 mg.mL-1范围内成良好的线性关系。信噪比等于3时,检出限为1×10-4mg.mL-1。用于实际样品中左旋氧氟沙星的测定,加标回收率为97.32~102.82。     

多壁碳纳米管负载铁氰化铜-铁修饰电极的制备及对亚硝酸根的测定

采用循环伏安法制备了多壁碳纳米管负载铁氰化铜-铁修饰复合陶瓷碳电极(CuFeHCF/MWCNT/CCE),研究了该修饰电极的电化学性质及对NO-2的电催化活性。 结果表明,该修饰电极对NO-2的电氧化具有强的催化活性,安培法检测NO-2的线性范围为2.0×10-7~1.4×10-3 mol/L,灵敏度为104.1 μA/(mmol·L-1),检出限（3sb）为5.0×10-8 mol/L。 利用该方法测定了土壤中NO-2的含量,结果令人满意。     

聚吡咯/亚铁氰化钾/碳纳米管修饰电极检测亚硝酸根

采用循环伏安法在滴涂碳纳米管的电极表面制备了聚吡咯/K4Fe(CN)6复合膜,研究了该电极的电化学性质及对NO2-的电催化还原。结果表明,固定于聚吡咯膜中的K4Fe(CN)6作为电子递质与碳纳米管和聚吡咯对NO2-电还原具有协同催化作用,安培法检测NO2-的线性范围为1.5×10-6～1.8×10-3mol/L,检出限为3.0×10-7mol/L,该法已用模拟水样中NO-的测定。     

多壁碳纳米管修饰电极的制备及其应用

研究了多壁碳纳米管修饰电极的制备方法及其对水飞蓟宾的电催化作用。利用循环伏安法和线性扫描法在乙醇-磷酸盐缓冲溶液中(pH=5.56)研究了水飞蓟宾的电化学特性。水飞蓟宾在多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上,于0.64 V处有一不可逆氧化峰,用线性扫描法建立了其定量方法,线性范围为2.0×10-6~1.0×10-4mol/L,检出限为4.4×10-7mol/L。利用该电极建立了水飞蓟宾的定性、定量方法,该法简便、快速、灵敏。     

多壁碳纳米管修饰电极测定非那西汀

本文研究了非那西汀在羧基化多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为。在0.1 mol·L-1HAc-NaAc(pH5.3)溶液中,非那西汀在羧基化多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上有一对可逆的氧化还原峰和一个氧化峰。对各种实验条件进行了优化,测得峰电流I p与非那西汀浓度在4.0×10-6~1.0×10-4mol·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限为1.0×10-6mol·L-1。此修饰电极具有较好的重现性和稳定性。利用优化后的条件对尼美舒利药片进行了测定,测量值与标示值符合,回收率在96.5%~104.2%。     

盐酸左氧氟沙星在聚L-精氨酸/多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为

运用循环伏安法、线性扫描伏安法、计时电量法等研究了盐酸左氧氟沙星在聚L-精氨酸/多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为。实验表明:盐酸左氧氟沙星在聚L-精氨酸/多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电极反应过程为等电子等质子吸附控制的不可逆过程,在pH=6.0的Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4支持电解质中,其氧化峰电流与浓度在7.0×10-6~1.0×10-4mol·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数R为-0.9992,检出限为5.0×10-6mol·L-1,样品测定回收率为98.26%~101.70%。     

Determination of trace thiocyanate with nano-silver coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode

Novel nano-silver coated multi-walled carbon nanotube composites were prepared and used to fabricate a modified electrode. The application of the nano-silver coated multi-walled carbon nanotube composites modified electrode for determination of trace thiocyanate is demonstrated for the first time. The influence of substrate, pH and interference of coexisting substances was investigated for response properties of the electrode. There was a linear relationship at the range 2.5 × 10⁻⁹ to 5 × 10⁻⁸ mol L⁻¹ and 5 × 10⁻⁸ to 1 × 10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹ of thiocyanate with the decrement of anodic DPV peak currents. The limit of detection was 1 × 10⁻⁹ mol L⁻¹(S/N = 3). The constructed electrode showed excellent reproducibility and stability. Actual urine and saliva samples of smoker and non-smoker were analyzed and satisfactory results were obtained. This method provides a new way to construct any electrode for biological and environmental analysis.     

对硝基苯酚在多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为及分析测定

水中对硝基苯酚主要来源于化工、制药行业,它有致癌作用。人们已对它的测定方法进行了大量的研究,最早采用的测定方法是分光光度法,其检测限偏高;色谱法测定对硝基苯酚,操作繁琐,仪器昂贵,分析成本高。后来又发展了一种操作更方便的直接用于测定的电化学方法。本文旨在利用碳纳米管对对硝基苯酚的吸附性能,研究对硝基苯酚在多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为。     

Cobalt hexacyanoferrate modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes/graphite composite electrode as electrochemical sensor on microfluidic chip

Nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensor has received significant interest. In this work, cobalt hexacyanoferrate modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes/graphite composite electrode was electrochemically prepared and exploited as an amperometric detector for microchip electrophoresis. The prepared sensor displayed rapid and sensitive response towards hydrazine and isoniazid oxidation, which was attributed to synergetic electrocatalytic effect of cobalt hexacyanoferrate and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The sensitivity enhancement with nearly two orders of magnitude was gained, compared with the bare carbon paste electrode, with the detection limit of 0.91 μM (S/N = 3) for hydrazine. Acceptable repeatability of the microanalysis system was verified by consecutive eleven injections of hydrazine without chip and electrode treatments, the RSDs for peak current and migration time were 3.4% and 2.1%, respectively. Meanwhile, well-shaped electrophoretic peaks were observed, mainly due to fast electron transfer of electroactive species on the modified electrode. The developed microchip-electrochemistry setup was successfully applied to the determination of hydrazine and isoniazid in river water and pharmaceutical preparation, respectively. Several merits of the novel electrochemical sensor coupled with microfluidic platform, such as comparative stability, easy fabrication and high sensitivity, hold great potential for hydrazine compounds assay in the lab-on-a-chip system.     

Effect Nd2O3 content on electrochemical performance of polyaniline/Nd2O3 composites

Polyaniline/neodymium(III) oxide (PANI/Nd₂O₃) composites were synthesized by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method, and the new electrode materials were used for supercapacitor. The composites were characterized physically by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). SEM, IR and XRD results showed the existence of interactions between PANI and Nd₂O₃. The electrochemical capacitance performance of the composites was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge tests and ac impedance spectroscopy with a three‐electrode system in 6 M KOH solution. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge tests proved that the addition of Nd₂O₃ enhanced the capacitance of the composites. However, the conductivity of the composites decreases with increasing the amount of Nd₂O₃. Electrochemical impedance tests manifest that the charge‐transfer resistance of the composites is smaller than that of the pure PANI, which indicates the addition of Nd₂O₃ could lower resistance and facilitate the charge transfer of the active materials. All results support that Nd₂O₃ has a significant contribution to the performance of PANI and makes the composites have more active sites for faradiac reaction and larger specific capacitance than pure PANI. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

普鲁士蓝/多壁碳纳米管修饰电极测定维生素C

利用电化学方法在多壁碳纳米管修饰的玻碳电极表面聚合一层普鲁士蓝,制备普鲁士蓝/多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极,运用循环伏安法研究了维生素C(vc)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为.该修饰电极对Vc显示出快速的电化学响应和较好的电催化活性,在pH为4.0的磷酸盐溶液中,Ve浓度与其氧化峰电流在8.0×10-4～1.0×10-2 mol/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9993,检测限为6.4×10-5mol/L.该电极具有较好的稳定性和重现性.     

Adsorption voltammetry of the zirconium-alizarin red S complex at a multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified carbon paste electrode

We used a carbon paste electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes as a working electrode and studied the electrochemical behavior of zirconium-alizarin red S complex on it. It was found that the modified electrode exhibited a significant catalytic effect toward the reduction of free alizarin red S and the complex. The second derivative linear scan voltammograms of the complex were recorded by a polarographic analyser from 0 to −1000 mV (vs. SCE), and it was found that the complex can be adsorbed on the surface of the modified electrode, yielding a peak at about −470 mV, corresponding to the reduction of alizarin red S in the complex. The linear range was found to be 2.0 × 10⁻¹¹–8.0 × 10⁻⁷ mol L⁻¹, and the detection limit was 1.0 × 10⁻¹¹ mol L⁻¹ (S/N = 3) for 3 min accumulation. The procedure was successfully applied to the determination of trace amounts of zirconium in the ore samples. Correspondence: Pei-Hong Deng, Department of Chemistry and Material Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang Hunan 421008, P.R. China     

Voltammetric determination of antibacterial drug gemifloxacin in solubilized systems at multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode

A sensitive electroanalytical method for determination of gemifloxacin in pharmaceutical formulation has been investigated on the basis of the enhanced electrochemical response at multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode in the presence of CTAB. Solubilized system of different surfactants including SDS, Tween-20 and CTAB were taken for the study of electrochemical behaviour of gemifloxacin at modified electrode. The reduction peak current increases in the presence of CTAB while other surfactants show opposite effect. The modified electrode exhibits catalytic activity, high sensitivity, stability and is applicable over wide range of concentration for the determination of gemifloxacin. The mechanism of electrochemical reduction of gemifloxacin has been proposed on the basis of CV, SWV, DPV and coulometeric techniques. The proposed squarewave voltammetric method shows linearity over the concentration range 2.47-15.5 μg/mL. The achieved limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) are 0.90 ng/mL and 3.0 ng/mL respectively.     

CeO2纳米晶包裹碳纳米管修饰电极对特布他林的电催化测定

制备出CeO2纳米晶包裹碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极,并运用循环伏安法、交流阻抗谱探讨了该电极的电化学特性。研究了特布他林在该修饰电极上的直接电化学行为。实验结果表明,特布他林在该修饰电极上具有良好的电流响应,与裸玻碳电极相比在pH 7.0缓冲溶液中氧化峰电位负移314 mV。采用计时电流法测定特布他林,其氧化峰电流与浓度在5.0×10-7~1.0×10-4mol/L范围呈良好线性关系,线性方程为:Ip(μA)=4.952-0.04724c(μmol/L),线性相关系数为0.9920,检出限为5.0×10-8mol/L(信噪比为3)。该电极已用于特布他林片剂中特布他林的测定。