活性炭电极的改性及对Co2+,Mn2+和Ni2+的电吸附性能

以商用活性炭(AC)为原料,分别采用磷酸和氢氧化钠改性的方法制备了两种不同的改性活性炭电极材料.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)测试、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等手段以及电化学分析方法,对改性前后活性炭材料的表面性质和电化学性能进行了探究.结果表明, H3PO4改性使活性炭的孔隙分布更加密集, NaOH改性使活性炭表面的孔隙结构更加清晰均匀; H₃PO₄和NaOH改性均使活性炭的比表面积增加.循环伏安测试结果表明,改性前后活性炭电极在低扫描速率下均具备良好的双电层特性,并且两种改性处理均能提高活性炭电极的比电容;当扫描速率为5 mV/s时,未改性、 H₃PO₄以及NaOH改性活性炭电极的比电容分别为36.51, 77.25和85.19 F/g.电吸附实验结果证明,两种改性活性炭电极对Co²⁺, Mn²⁺和Ni²⁺均有较好的去...     

Effect of non-aqueous solvents on stoichiometry and selectivity of complexes formed between 4′-nitrobenzo-15-crown-5 with Fe3+, Y3+, Cd2+, Sn4+, Ce3+ and Au3+ metal cations

The complexation processes between Fe³⁺, Y³⁺, Cd²⁺, Sn⁴⁺, Ce³⁺ and Au³⁺ metal cations with macrocyclic ligand, 4′-nitrobenzo-15-crown-5 (4′NB15C5), were studied in acetonitrile (AN), methanol (MeOH) and nitromethane (NM) solvents at different temperatures using conductometric method. The conductance data show that the stoichiometry of the complexes formed between this macrocyclic ligand and Cd²⁺, Au³⁺ cations is 1: 1 (ML), but in the case of Fe³⁺, Y³⁺ and Ce³⁺ metal cations, 2: 1 (M₂: L) and 2: 2 [M₂: L₂] complexes are formed in nitromethane solutions. The results show, that the selectivity of 4’NB15C5 for the studied metal cations in methanol solutions at 15°C is: Sn⁴⁺ > Cd²⁺ > Y³⁺ > Fe³⁺ ∼ Ce³⁺ > Au³⁺, but in the case of acetonitrile, the stability order was found to be: Y³⁺ > Au³⁺ > Fe³⁺ > Cd²⁺. The values of stability constants of the 1: 1 [M: L] complexes were determined from conductometric data using a GENPLOT computer program. The values of thermodynamic parameter (ΔH _c ^o and ΔH _c ^o) for formation of the complexes were obtained from temperature dependence of the stability constants, using the van’t Hoff plots. The results show that the values of standard enthalpy (ΔH _c ^o) and standard entropy (ΔH _c ^o) change with the nature of the non aqueous solvents.     

Ni2+和Cd2+跨人红细胞膜的比较研究

以往对金属离子跨红细胞膜转运多集中在体内的宏量金属离子, 如Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+及某些必需的重金属元素Fe2+, Cu2+, Zn2+等[1～3], 对其它重金属离子的跨膜转运研究较少. 我们曾研究了具有不同电荷的Co(Ⅲ)配合物的红细胞摄入动力学及机理[4]. 在此基础上进一步选择离子电荷数相同, 但电子组态不同的两个金属离子Ni2+和Cd2+为研究对象. Ni2+为d8组态, 动力学上是惰性的, 为体内必需的微量元素; 而Cd2+为d10组态, 动力学上是活性的, 却为有毒重金属, 本研究比较了它们跨人红细胞膜传递的动力学以及其与人红细胞作用的差异性.     

新型席夫碱配体及其Mn3+、Fe3+、Ni2+、Cu2+配合物的合成与表征

0引言手性环氧化物是合成许多天然产物、光学活性材料、光学活性药物等的重要中间体[1]。上世纪60年代以来,手性过渡金属配合物作为烯烃不对称环氧化的催化剂越来越受到人们的重视[2]。研究表明,某些席夫碱金属配合物具有仿酶催化活性,在仿酶催化剂的合成及应用方面占有重要地位[3]。目前,人们将水杨醛衍生物与光学活性胺的席夫碱金属配合物用于不对称环氧化、不对称环丙烷化等反应,具有很高的对映体选择性[4]。同时发现配体的电子效应直接影响配合物的催化活性和对映体选择性。为进一步研究配体的电子性能对配合物催化性能的影响,我们设计…     

Heterometallic complexes of Co2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ with the [RuNO(NO2)4OH]2? anion and pyridine: Synthesis, crystal structure, and thermolysis

Three new heteronuclear complexes [Ru(NO)(NO₂)₄(OH)M(Py)₃] (M = Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺) were synthesized and structurally characterized. In all compounds, the [Ru(NO)(NO²)⁴(OH)] fragment is coordinated to the M atom by a bridging OH and two bridging NO₂ groups. The coordination environment of the metal also includes three pyridine nitrogen atoms. Thermal decomposition of cobalt and nickel complexes in an inert atmosphere yields bimetallic solid solutions. Original Russian Text ? G.A. Kostin, A.O. Borodin, Yu.V. Shubin, N.V. Kurat’eva, V.A. Emelyanov, P.E. Plyusnin, M.R. Gallyamov, 2009, published in Koordinatsionnaya Khimiya, 2009, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 57–64.     

Titration of AsO43? ions with 0.1 M magnesium sulphate solution in the presence of Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe3+, Cu2+ ions and some other foreign substances

Summary For the convenient and sufficiently accurate determination of AsO₄ ^3– ions in technical products containing different filling, suspending and colouring materials, as well as impurities—e.g. for the assay of arsenate containing plant protecting materials—the following procedure is recommended.About 5 g of the sample is dissolved, resp. extracted with 4 N hydrochloric acid, and aliquots of the clear filtrate are titrated after elimination of the interfering metal ions by combining them with complexing agents (potassium cyanide and disodium ethylenediamin tetraacetic acid) in a properly buffered medium. The titration with 0.1 M MgSO₄ solution is conducted in the presence of eriochrome black T solution as indicator, first time for eliminating the excess of EDTA added, and afterwards to determine the AsO₄ ^3– ions, after adding about 40% of ethanol.The procedure may be useful chiefly for serial routine analyses.The authors are indebted to engineer L. Fokássy, department leader at the State Institute for Agricultural Quality Control, as well as to engineeress P. Fodor and Mr. Gy. Josepovits, scientific collaborators of the Research Institute for Plant Protection, for kindly supplying some of the samples for the experiments.     

CO32-/Co2+/Ni2+浓度对混合相纳米Ni(OH)2物化性能的影响

以NiCl2、Co(NO3)2、Na2CO3为主要原料,采用超声波辅助沉淀法制备了混合相纳米Ni(OH)2,研究了Co掺杂比例、缓冲剂Na2CO3用量及反应物Ni2+浓度对Ni(OH)2的晶相结构、形貌、粒径及电化学性能的影响。结果表明,混合相结构的α-Ni(OH)2成分随Co掺杂比例增大而增加。较高的CO32-和Ni2+浓度有利于α-Ni(OH)2的生成。TEM测试表明,样品晶粒呈针状形态,其长径比随着Na2CO3用量增加而减小,平均粒度在60~90 nm之间。将纳米样品以8wt%与工业用微米级β球镍混合制成复合电极,其电极的放电比容量随Na2CO3用量的增加先增大后减小。当Ni2+浓度为0.4 mol.L-1、Na2CO3用量为0.5 g时,其电极(Co含量1.02wt%)的充电效率最高,放电比容量最大,0.5C倍率下高达306.9 mAh.g-1,比纯球镍电极提高30%。探讨了复合电极能较大幅度提高放电比容量的机理,提出纳米α-Ni(OH)2同时充当活化中心起催化作用的观点。     

新型含葡萄糖基手性Salen配体及其Mn3+、Fe3+、Co2+、Cu3+配合物的合成与表征

A novel chiral Salen ligand with a glucose moiety was synthesized from the condensation of 1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-3-O-methylene-[5-(3-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy benzaldehyde)]-α-D-glucofuranose with (1R,2R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane. Several chiral complexes of Mn³⁺, Fe³⁺, Co²⁺ and Cu²⁺ were prepared from this ligand. Both the ligand and the complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, NMR, IR, MS, and UV-Vis.     

Zum schnellen Nachweis der Kationen Cu++, Ni++, Co++, Fe++ und Mn++, der AnionenSCN?,OCN?,CN?,S2O82?,J?und Br? sowie tert.aliphatischer Amine und Pyridine

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

用于痕量监测Zr4+、Cr2O72-、Fe3+、HPO42-和指纹识别的功能化Eu3+/Tb3+配位聚合物荧光探针的构筑

采用芳香族π共轭及含氮原子有机连接剂,合成同构铽、铕发光配位聚合物(CPs){[Eu(PLIA)_1.5(H₂O)₂]·H₂O}_n (1)和{[Tb(PLIA)_1.5(H₂O)₂]·H₂O}_n (2),其中H₂PLIA=5-((吡啶-4-基甲基)氧基)苯-1,3-二甲酸。对合成的配合物进行了结构测定、表征和荧光痕量识别实验研究。2个同构配合物具有理想的三维框架结构,π…π堆积及氢键等弱相互作用增强了其化学稳定性;表征显示配位聚合物1和2具有良好的荧光性质、结晶性、热力学稳定性及结构完整性,可作为荧光传感的材料。1和2对水溶液中的Zr⁴⁺、Cr₂O₇^2-和Fe³⁺、HPO₄^2-具有选择性好、灵敏度高的荧光识别能力,其检出限分别为0.139 μmol·L^-1(1,Zr⁴⁺)、0.626 μmol·L^-1(1,Cr₂O₇^2-)、0.430 μmol·L^-1(2,Fe³⁺)、1.36 μmol·L^-1(2,HPO₄^2-)。探究了1和2作为探针的荧光猝灭机理。更有趣的是,1和2具有指纹识别性能,其荧光指纹纹路清晰连贯,细节明显,可被清晰观察。     

Synthesis and structure of C17H22FN3O 32+ ?CuCl 42-

A new compound C₁₇H₂₂FN₃O₃ ²⁺ • CuCl₄ ^2- [pefloxacindium tetrachlorocuprate(II)], C₁₇H₂₀FN₃O₃ — 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (pefloxacin, PefH) is synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The crystal structure of the compound contains one PefH₃ ²⁺ cation and one CuCl₄ ^2- anion. The supramolecular architecture of the crystal is determined.     

Die Reaktion zwischen Thioglykols?ure (TGA) und Zn2+, Hg2+, Cd2+, Pb2+ und Ag+

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Structure of the C17H20FN3O 32+ ·2HSO 4? · H2O compound

A new compound of C₁₇H₂₀FN₃O₃²⁺ · 2HSO₄⁻·H₂O [ciprofloxacindi-um bis(hydrosulfate) monohydrate], C₁₇H₁₈FN₃O₃ 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (CfH, ciprofloxacin) is obtained and its crystal structure is determined. The crystal contains CfH₃²⁺ and HSO₄⁻ ions and crystallization water molecules. Hydrogen (H3), which forms an intramolecular hydrogen bond with oxygen O2 of the carboxyl group, is attached to the carbonyl O1 atom. Hydrogen H4 of the carboxyl group is hydrogen bonded to the crystallization water molecule which links CfH₃²⁺ with two HSO₄⁻ groups by hydrogen bonds. Both H atoms at N3 of the piperazine ring form hydrogen bonds with two oxygen atoms of other HSO₄⁻ anions. Intramolecular hydrogen bonds of two types are present in the CfH₃²⁺ cation. One of them forms a six-membered ring, bonding O1 and O2 atoms, while the other, also enclosing a six-membered ring, links fluorine and carbon C14 atoms. Original Russian Text Copyright ? 2009 by A. D. Vasiliev, N. N. Golovnev, and I. A. Baidina __________ Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 165–168, January–February, 2009.     

氨基修饰介孔SiO2的合成及对其对Hg2+、 Ni2+和Mn2+的吸附

利用介孔SiO₂微球（MSM）作为基底,对其表面进行氨基修饰,合成了氨基修饰介孔SiO₂微球（MSM/NH₂）,其结构和性能经TEM, XRD和元素分析表征。结果表明：MSM/NH₂ 1.0［3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（APTES）用量为1.0 mL］对Hg²⁺、 Ni²⁺和Mn²⁺的5次循环吸附效率的平均值均超过92.0%。     

Hypervalence and the delocalizing versus localizing propensities of H 3– , Li 3– , CH 5– and SiH 5–

Lithium and silicon have the capability to form hypervalent structures, such as Li₃^– and SiH₅^–, which is contrasted by the absence of this capability in hydrogen and carbon, as exemplified by H₃^– and CH₅^– which, although isoelectronic to the former two species, have a distortive, bond-localizing propensity. This well-known fact is nicely confirmed in our DFT study at BP86/TZ2P. We furthermore show that the hypervalence of Li and Si neither originates from the availability of low-energy 2p and 3d AOs, respectively, nor from differences in the bonding pattern of the valence molecular orbitals; there is, in all cases, a 3-center-4-electron bond in the axial X–A–X unit. Instead, we find that the discriminating factor is the smaller effective size of C compared to the larger Si atom, and the resulting lack of space around the former. Interestingly, a similar steric mechanism is responsible for the difference in bonding capabilities between H and the effectively larger Li atom. This is so, despite the fact that the substituents in the corresponding symmetric and linear dicoordinate H₃^– and Li₃^– are on opposite sides of the central atom. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Eu2+、Mn2+、Sr2+掺杂BaMgAl10O17的燃烧法合成及光致发光性能研究

在600℃温度下,采用液相燃烧法合成了Sr²⁺、Eu²⁺和Mn²⁺三掺的BaMgAl₁₀O₁₇（BAM）蓝绿荧光粉。用XRD、SEM和荧光光谱仪分别分析和表征该荧光粉的物相、形貌和光致发光性能。结果表明,液相燃烧法合成BAM的温度明显低于传统的高温固相合成法;合成的纳米棒均匀、无团聚现象;荧光光谱仪分析表明Eu²⁺、Mn²⁺离子间存在能量传递,且Sr²⁺能有效提高BAM的发光强度,约为固相法制备荧光强度的1.8倍。BAM：0.1Eu²⁺,0.04Mn²⁺,0.05Sr²⁺色坐标为（0.146,0.250）,属于蓝绿光。     

Crystal structure of a new compound C17H22FN3O32+·ZnCl42-

A new compound C₁₇H₂₂FN₃O₃ ²⁺ ZnCl₄ ² (pefloxacindium tetrachlorozincate(II)), C₁₇H₂₀FN₃O₃ 1-ethyl-N-methyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-quinoline carbonic acid (PefH, pefloxacin) is synthesized, and its crystal structure is determined. The crystal contains PefH₃ ²⁺ and ZnCl₄ ²⁻ ions. The supramolecular architecture of the crystal is analyzed.     

Crystal structure of pefloxancindium tetrabromidozinkate C17H22FN3O 32+ · ZnBr 42?

A new compound, namely pefloxancindium tetrabromidozincateC₁₇H₂₂FN₃O₃²⁺ · ZnBr₄²⁺ where C₁₇H₂₀FN₃O₃ is 1-ethyl-N-methyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (PefH, pefloxacin), has been synthesized and its crystal and molecular structure has been solved. It contains PefH₃²⁺ and ZnBr₄²⁻ ions. The latter is a slightly distorted tetrahedron. The supramolecular architecture of a crystal has been analyzed.     

A theoretical study of cation--π interactions: Li+, Na+, K+, Be2+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ complexation with mono- and bicyclic ring-fused benzene derivatives

DFT (B3LYP functional) and MP2 methods using 6-311+G(2d,2p) basis set have been employed to examine the effect of ring fusion to benzene on the cation--π interactions involving alkali metal ions (Li⁺, Na⁺, and K⁺) and alkaline earth metal ions (Be²⁺, Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺). Our present study indicates that modification of benzene (π-electron source) by fusion of monocyclic or bicyclic (or mixture of these two kinds of rings) strengthens the binding affinity of both alkali and alkaline earth metal cations. The strength of interaction decreases in the following order: Be²⁺ > Mg²⁺ > Ca²⁺ > Li⁺ > Na⁺ > K⁺ for any considered aromatic ligand. The interaction energies for the complexes formed by divalent cations are 4–6 times larger than those for the complexes involving monovalent cations. The structural changes in the ring wherein metal ion binds are examined. The distance between ring centroid and the metal ion is calculated for all of the complexes. Strained bicyclo[2.1.1]hexene ring fusion has substantially larger effect on the strength of cation--π interactions than the monocyclic ring fusion for all of the cations due to the π-electron localization at the central benzene ring.     

Synthesis and characterization of cyclophane: The highly selective recognition of Fe3+ in aqueous solution and H2PO4− in acetonitrile solution

In this work, we report a series of cyclophane fluorescent sensors based on acridine combining with imidazolium through ether linkages. X-ray crystal structures demonstrated the self-assembly behavior of these cyclophanes in the solid state driven by hydrogen bond and π–π interactions. Sensors showed excellent selectivity towards Fe³⁺ in aqueous solution (H₂O/CH₃CN?=?49:1, v/v) and H₂PO₄^? in acetonitrile solution with notable color change under UV light, evident changes were also noticed in fluorescence spectra. In fluorescence emission, the obvious turn-off was induced by Fe³⁺ in aqueous solution and the obvious turn-on as well as bathochromic-shift was induced by H₂PO₄^? in acetonitrile solution.