Nano-scale sensing transducer using entangled photon walk-off compensation

We propose a new concept of a nano-sensing transducer system using a nano-waveguide. The small change in physical quantity affects to the change in device parameters such as refractive index or length which is relatively absorbed and observed by the resonant signals. In principle, the stored light pulse at the specified wavelength is generated by using a soliton propagating within the ring resonators, whereas a resonant signals can be stored within the nano-waveguide, i.e. a sensing transducer, which is formed by the sensing ring device. The induced change in the resonant signals by the surrounded environment is occurred, and can be detected by using the optical/quantum processor. Such a proposed device is namely suitable to perform the measurements in the nano-scale regime such as force, stress and temperature.     

Proposed solar energy conversion and storage system using a nano-ring in an array waveguide

We propose the new solar energy conversion and storage system using the array waveguide. It can be used to generate and store solar energy within the nano-array waveguide system. The system consists of micro- and nano-ring resonators incorporating a Mach Zhender Interferometer (MZI) that can be integrated into a single system. The large bandwidth signal, i.e. white light, is generated using a soliton pulse in a Kerr-type nonlinear medium propagating within a micro-ring resonator system. The control light concept is applied using a nano-waveguide incorporating an MZI, whereas the incoherent light is filtered being coherence, which is amplified and stored within the system. The white light can be re-generated using the stored coherent light pulse. Furthermore, the combination of signals is formed by the array waveguide, which is allowed to generate the huge amount of solar energy output.     

A new concept of white light generation using a nano-waveguide for the solar radiation collection use

We propose a novel system of a nano-waveguide that can be used to generate the continuous optical spectrum, i.e. white light. A system consists of two micro-ring resonators and a nano-ring resonator that can be integrated into a single system. The large bandwidth signal is generated using a soliton pulse propagating within a Kerr-type nonlinear medium, whereas the continuous bandwidth or wavelength of light signal can be performed. Results obtained have shown the potential of using such a system for white light source generation and amplification, which is discussed. The amplified pulse can be stored within a nano-waveguide, which is allowed to form the continuous spectrum after amplification. Alternatively, the low-level solar radiation can be amplified, and the bandwidth signals can also be enlarged.     

A novel system of the simultaneous trapping of dark-bright solitons within a nano-waveguide system

We propose a novel system of a nano-waveguide that can be used to generate the continuous spectrum, i.e. white light. The simultaneous trapping and generation of short and millimeter waves can also be performed by using either bright or dark soliton. A system consists of two micro- and a nano-ring resonators that can be integrated into a single system. The large bandwidth is generated by a soliton pulse within a Kerr-type nonlinear medium where the continuous bandwidth or wavelength can be performed. The simultaneous dark-bright solitons conversion is performed and achieved. Results obtained have shown the potential of using the technique for continuing light spectra generation, where the filtering signals are allowed by using the suitable device parameters. The advantage is that the large bandwidth separation of the short and sub-millimeter waves can be obtained, which is allowed to form the simultaneous generation of short and millimeter waves within a single system. Further, light pulse can be trapped within a nano-waveguide, which is available to form the memory device.     

A novel multi-optical/quantum memory and encoding system using multi-photon generation

We propose a novel system of an optical/quantum memory generation, which can be used for multi-optical/quantum memory applications. The large bandwidth of a single pulse is generated using a soliton pulse in a Kerr-type nonlinear medium, i.e. a nonlinear waveguide. The generation of the localized temporal and spatial soliton pulses within the nano-waveguide is achieved. The free spectrum range enhancement of the generated multi-soliton signals can be formed and achieved using the nano-waveguide incorporating the Mach Zhender Interferometer (MZI). The different light path of the soliton pulses is introduced by the delayed lines of the interferometer. This improves the wavelength free spectrum range, where the different entangled photon pairs can also obtained. Furthermore, the generated photons can be filtered and stored within a system, where the storage of single or multi-photons using the proposed system can be achieved, which in turn can be used for multi-optical/quantum memory applications.     

Multi-soliton generation with extremely narrow free spectrum range for multiplexed sensors via optical network

We propose a new system of multiplexer sensors using the localized soliton pulse generated by a microring resonator in optical networks. A large bandwidth signal is generated by a soliton pulse propagating within the microring resonator, which is allowed to form the multiplexed sensors. Two forms of soliton pulses are generated and localized, i.e. temporal and spatial solitons. The required soliton pulses with specified wavelengths can be localized and formed the sensing. This is formed by using an optical add/drop multiplexer incorporating in the optical network, where the localized soliton pulses are available for add/drop signals to/from the optical network. The change in physical parameter measured the change in soliton wavelength, which formed the measurement.     

Performance study of a liquid-core Bragg fiber sensor in presence of a defect layer

Performance parameter of a Bragg fiber waveguide based resonant sensor in presence of a defect layer in cladding regions is theoretically studied. The Bragg fiber waveguide consists of a liquid-core surrounded by alternate high and low refractive indices materials in cladding regions. Reflectivity of the proposed waveguide based resonant sensor is formulated using transfer matrix method for a non-homogeneous multilayer cylindrical system. The waveguide shows a band gap region with a narrow defect mode in the band gap region under the considered wavelength range. Instead of taking a whole band gap as a sensing signal, here the defect peak is taken as the sensing signal. It is observed that the intensity of defect mode is more sensitive for core refractive index than the intensity of traditional band gap region (lobe). This study shows that the higher sensitivity can be achieved by creating the defect at a position in cladding region where the intensity of transmitted light lies between 40% and 90%. Presence of a defect layer is able to increase the detection accuracy of the sensor and, hence increase the overall performance of this sensor.     

Novel storage and tunable light source generated by a soliton pulse in a micro ring resonator system

We propose a novel system of a dense wavelength division operation using the nonlinear micro ring resonators system that can be used to generate the broad output light spectra, whereas the significant increasing in channel capacity is obtained. A system consists of two micro and a nano ring resonators incorporating an add/drop filter that can be integrated into a single system. The large bandwidth signal is generated by using a soliton pulse propagating within a Kerr type nonlinear medium. The obtained results have shown the potential of using such a system for broadband light source generation, amplification, storage and regeneration, whereas the amplified signals can be stored within a nano-waveguide, which is allowed to form the regeneration of the broad light spectra after amplification. The advantage is that the specific wavelength of the broadband source, for instance, 1.50 μm can provide the super dense wavelength division multiplexing channels, whereas the increasing in channel capacity of 10,000 times is achieved.     

光梯度力驱动的纳米硅基光开关

通过一道光改变另一道光的传输路线是光子集成网络中重要而长远的目标, 然而, 由于硅材料的光学非线性较弱, 在硅材料上实现开关的全光控制难以实现. 因此本文提出了一种由光梯度力驱动的纳米硅基光开关, 实现了硅基光开关的全光控制. 该光开关由一个部分悬空的微环谐振器和一个交叉波导结构构成, 当通入一道控制光时, 悬空的微环谐振器在光梯度力的作用下发生弯曲, 微环谐振器的谐振波长随之发生变化, 从而实现光信号的传输路线发生改变. 该光开关利用纳米光子制造技术在标准绝缘体上硅晶圆上制造, 实验数据得出其最小消光比为10.67 dB, 最大串扰为 -11.01 dB, 开关时间分别为180 ns和170 ns. 该光开关具有尺寸小, 响应速度快, 低损耗和可拓展等优点, 在片上集成光路、高速信号处理以及下一代光纤通信网络中具有潜在应用.     

Vertical input optical ring resonator with differential operation for optical sensor

A novel waveguide ring resonator optical sensor with two resonant wavelength channels is proposed for a refractive index measurement of a test sample placed on the sensor substrate and its performance characteristics are investigated analytically and numerically. The waveguide device consists of a ring resonator, a split-ring-shaped loop waveguide, and a vertical input/output grating coupler, in which the loop waveguide acts as an additional resonator and provides another output wavelength channel of the sensor. The differential detection between the two wavelength channels enables the highly sensitive detection with temperature compensation. A numerical simulation based on a finite difference time domain (FDTD) method shows that a precise index change detection with a resolution of 10⁻⁶ can be achieved using of the proposed device.     

基于平面光波导谐振腔的可调谐光电振荡器

提出了一种基于平面光波导谐振腔的可调谐光电振荡器.该振荡器中,相位调制器串联光波导谐振腔,取代了传统系统中的强度调制器、长光纤和滤波器.由于光学谐振腔对光子频率和相位敏感,调节激光器改变输出光的波长,不仅可以调制光的强度,还可以对微波光子进行选频输出.当光子在波导腔中发生谐振时,产生很强的延时特性,可以取代传统系统中的长光纤.整个光电振荡器系统体积为长29.5cm、宽21cm、高7cm.实验中,改变0.1pm的光子波长,能够产生步长为12.535.5 MHz的调谐,调谐范围达2 GHz,且系统能够产生10 GHz的微波信号,在中心频率为10 GHz处其相位噪声为-109.7dBc/Hz@10kHz.该研究为光电振荡器的小型化和实用化提供了一种新的思路.     

编码式光纤光栅传感阵列解调方案的论证

介绍了编码式光栅传感阵列的结构及其传感信号的特点。采用梳状结构对编码式光纤光栅传感阵列进行解调，利用被测光谱通过阵列波导光栅不同通道时输出的不同光强的比值确定被测光的波长。该文分别从理想状态和存在背景反射的状态论证了本文提出的方案的可行性，分析了噪声引起的误差。该系统不但适合于解调大容量的波长信息，而且在解调时不存在任何机械移动部分便可以快速、同时测量多个波长。     

A compact in-plane photonic crystal channel drop filter

This paper presents a novel in-plane photonic crystal channel drop filter.The device is composed of a resonant cavity sandwiched by two parallel waveguides.The cavity has two resonant modes with opposite symmetries.Tuning these two modes into degeneracy causes destructive interference in bus waveguide,which results in high forward drop efficiency at the resonant wavelength.From the result of numerical analysis by using two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method,the channel drop filter has a drop efficiency of 96% and a Q value of over 3000,which can be used in dense wavelength division multiplexing systems.     

The optical properties in a chain waveguide of an array of silver nanoshell with dielectric holes

Plasmonic chain waveguide by employing an array of silver nanoshell with dielectric holes that interact with incident plane wave of transverse magnetic polarization are simulated by use of the finite element method. Results show that the working wavelength of the system is highly tunable by using the nanoshell instead of solid particles and by varying the dielectric constant of the core. Besides, chain waveguides that are operated on resonant multipolar modes can provide longer propagation lengths, which is beyond what is maximally achieved by conventional solid particle chains.     

Photons trapping within a nano-ring resonator controlled by light

We propose the interesting results that a bright and dark soliton pulse can be localized within a nonlinear nano-waveguide. The system consists of nonlinear micro- and nano-ring resonators, whereas the soliton pulse can be input into the system and trapped within the nano-waveguide. A soliton input is chopped by the nonlinear effects known as chaos into smaller pulses. The required pulse is filtered and amplified, which can be controlled and localized within the nano-waveguide. The localized bright and dark solitons are trapped within a nano-waveguide by controlling the nano-waveguide input power, which means that the photons trapping is controlled by light.     

A simultaneous generation of QKD and QDC via optical memory array for distributed network security

We propose a novel system of a simultaneous generation of continuous variable quantum key distribution (QKD) and quantum dense coding (QDC) via an optical memory array. The optical memory system is formed by using an array waveguide incorporating a nano-ring resonator, whereas the different spatial light modes can be generated and stored within an optical memory unit. The polarized photon is formed and stored within a storing device, i.e. a ring resonator, whereas the different time slot entangled photons can be generated, transmitted and detected by the different subscriber in the distributed networks. By using the optical memory concept, the continuous variable quantum key distribution is provided. Furthermore, the use of quantum dense coding via time division multiplexing paths, i.e. different time slot, is also plausible. The advantage of the proposed system is that the quantum key distribution can provide the network top security with high capacity and safety, which is the large demand of usage in the public networks.     

基于十字连通形环形谐振腔金属-介质-金属波导的折射率传感器和滤波器

提出了由十字连通形环形谐振腔耦合两个金属-介质-金属(metal-insulator-metal, MIM)波导的结构,并用有限元法数值研究了表面等离极化激元在结构中的传输特性.通过对透射谱的研究,系统地分析了MIM结构的传感特性.结果表明,在透射光谱中有三个共振峰,即存在三种共振模式,其中透射峰与材料的折射率呈线性关系.通过对结构参数的优化,得到了折射率灵敏度(S)高达1500 nm/RIU的理论值,相应的传感分辨率为1.33×10~(-4)RIU.更重要的是,灵敏度不受结构参数变化的影响,这意味着传感器的灵敏度不受制造偏差的影响.此外,谐振波长与环形腔中心半径成线性关系,该器件在较大波长范围内实现可调谐带通滤波.透射强度随着波导与环形腔间距的增大而减小,透射带宽同时减小,因此,可以通过控制环形腔与波导的耦合距离来调谐透射强度及透射带宽.研究结果对高灵敏度纳米级折射率传感器和带通滤波器的设计以及在生物传感器方面的应用都具有一定的指导意义.     

Effects of multiple scattering, attenuation and dispersion in waveguide sensing of fish

An ocean acoustic waveguide remote sensing system can instantaneously image and continuously monitor fish populations distributed over continental shelf-scale regions. Here it is shown theoretically that the areal population density of fish groups can be estimated from their incoherently averaged broadband matched filtered scattered intensities measured using a waveguide remote sensing system with less than 10% error. A numerical Monte-Carlo model is developed to determine the statistical moments of the scattered returns from a fish group. It uses the parabolic equation to simulate acoustic field propagation in a random range-dependent ocean waveguide. The effects of (1) multiple scattering, (2) attenuation due to scattering, and (3) modal dispersion on fish population density imaging are examined. The model is applied to investigate population density imaging of shoaling Atlantic herring during the 2006 Gulf of Maine Experiment. Multiple scattering, attenuation and dispersion are found to be negligible at the imaging frequencies employed and for the herring densities observed. Coherent multiple scattering effects, such as resonance shifts, which can be significant for small highly dense fish groups on the order of the acoustic wavelength, are found to be negligible for the much larger groups typically imaged with a waveguide remote sensing system.     

Theoretical study on biosensing characteristics of heterostructure photonic crystal ring resonator

In this paper, we investigate the biosensing characteristics of two-dimensional heterostructure photonic crystals (PCs) ring resonator theoretically by using the finite difference time domain (FDTD). The coupling air holes and inner air holes of ring resonator are treated as coupled sensing area and internal sensing area. When both of the sensing areas are filled with the same biological samples solution, the resonant peak wavelength shift of the ring resonance is different. Both the resonant peak center wavelength and peak intensity are related to the positions of sensing holes. With the same refractive index change of the biological sample, the sensing sensitivity of the coupling sensing area is much higher than that of the inner sensing area. Meanwhile, through the analysis of resonant peak wavelength shift, the refractive index change of the sample filled in the sensor area can be derived, which can be monitored real-time.     

Trapping a dark soliton pulse within a nano ring resonator

We propose the interesting results that a dark soliton pulse can be localized within a nonlinear nano-waveguide. The system consists of nonlinear micro and nano ring resonators, whereas the dark soliton can be input into the system and trapped within the nano-waveguide. A dark soliton pulse is input into a ring resonator and chopped to be the smaller pulses. The required pulse is filtered and amplified, which can be controlled and localized within the nano-waveguide. The localized bright soliton is also reviewed and discussed.