由非简并光学参量放大系统获得压缩态光所满足的Fokker-Planck方程及其解

通过解非简并光学参量放大的Fokker-Planck方程，得出压缩态光的腔内最大压缩的量子起伏为1/16（真空起伏为1/4）,与已知的简并光学参量放大情形腔内最大压缩为1/8相比，压缩度提高了一倍. 关键词： 非简并光学参量放大 Fokker-Planck方程 腔内最大压缩     

含时的线性驱动简并参量放大系统的量子起伏

导出在P表象中含时的线性驱动简并参量放大Fokker-Planck方程，并求其解.在阈值以下或阈值附近，含时驱动Fokker-Planck方程的解与线性理论或阈值附近的微扰理论预言的基本相符.在阈值以上，含时驱动Fokker-Planck方程解的短期行为也与线性近似解相近，但当τ增大后的长期行为完全区别于线性理论的结果. 关键词： 含时的线性驱动简并参量放大 Fokker-Planck方程 量子起伏     

具有零或负扩散系数的Fokker-Planck方程的形式解及其在量子光学中的应用

本文给出量子光学中具有零或负扩散系数的Fokker-Planck方程的形式解,并讨论了在利用简并参量放大或简并四波混频过程产生压缩态中的应用及一些其它应用。 关键词：     

物理学咬文嚼字之四十六 Oh,Paradoxes

Paradox在中文物理学文献中被翻译成悖论或者佯谬,武断了点,不足以传达paradox的真实含义.Paradox一直伴随着人类的认识进程,芝诺佯谬、孪生子佯谬、EPR佯谬、理发师佯谬等是数学和物理绕不开的话题.与paradox意义相近的词有dilemma,antinomy和catch-22等.     

物理学咬文嚼字之四十六

Paradox在中文物理学文献中被翻译成悖论或者佯谬,武断了点,不足以传达paradox的真实含义．Paradox一直伴随着人类的认识进程,芝诺佯谬、孪生子佯谬、EPR佯谬、理发师佯谬等是数学和物理绕不开的话题．与paradox意义相近的词有dilemma,antinomy和catch-22等．     

由NOPA产生高质量明亮压缩光及明亮EPR光束

通过非简并光学参量放大器获得了明亮双模正交压缩光及明亮EPR光束.实验测得明亮耦合模的正交振幅压缩为57±02dB;信号模与闲置模的正交振幅和(正交位相差)的起伏低于散粒噪声极限54±02dB(54±02dB),EPR关联的乘积为0332±0003. 关键词： 明亮双模正交压缩光 明亮EPR光束 非简并光学参量放大器     

位相不匹配情形Fokker-Planck方程的解及其在准位相匹配参量放大中的应用

在前文的基础上求得了简并参量放大系统在位相不匹配情况下的Fokker_Planck方程一个新 的解析解，然后通过准位相匹配(QPM)，计算振幅的量子起伏. 这一结果在不考虑损耗(k =0)情况下，与已知的按解Langevin方程求得的结果为一致. 对于一般的考虑损耗(k ≠0)情况，我们也得出损耗系数k对压缩态特性的影响. 关键词： 简并参量放大 位相不匹配的Fokker_Planck方程 准位相匹配技术(QPM技术)     

结合双模压缩真空态对EPR“佯谬”与量子力学几率波的统一性解释

文章分析了爱因斯坦等人对量子力学不完备的论证过程，通过对双模压缩真空态的偏振正交两光束EPR关联实质讨论，结合EPR光束对实验产生，给出了量子力学几率波解释与EPR“佯谬”的统一必解释，从而在肯定EPR关联实在性的基础上，肯定了量子力学几率波解释的完备性。     

利用楔角KTP晶体实现低阈值非简并光学参量放大器的运转

非简并光学参量放大器产生的纠缠态光场是连续变量量子信息科学研究的重要资源。随着量子网络及量子计算的发展,需要更多组份纠缠态光场来完成对更复杂的量子信息的研究。一般的多组份纠缠态光场是将多个压缩态光场或者Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR)纠缠态光场通过不同的分束器阵列耦合而成,需要同时制备多个经典相干的EPR纠缠态光场。采用带楔角的非线性晶体,使非简并光学参量放大器的振荡阈值从原来的250mW降低至45mW,当注入腔内抽运光功率为23mW时,依然可以得到正交振幅及相位分量关联噪声分别低于量子噪声极限5.5dB的EPR纠缠态光场。在此基础上,可以使用一台激光器同时抽运多个非简并光学参量放大器来获得所希望的多组份纠缠态光场。     

色散效应对光学参量放大器量子起伏特性的影响

解析求解了包含色散、损耗和抽运吃空的含时的Fokker-Planck方程,通过数值计算首先获得了色散时简并参量放大(DOPA)系统的光压缩特性.研究结果表明：色散效应是由非线性极化率从χ″增大到χ″/{1+σ²/}/+2而引起的.随着色散效应的逐渐增大,压缩曲线的形状基本相同,且整体向左收缩,最大压缩趋近于线性理论的结果1/(1+μ).还获得了色散时非简并参量放大(NOPA)系统的光纠缠特性.研究发现：当σ给定,随着抽运参数μ的增大,相应的相位变化也增大,非线性极化率的极性发生多次变化,极性为正阶段的增益大部分被极性为负阶段的衰减所抵消,净增益不大,压缩也不大,最小均方差V₁的值逐渐减小,且整体向右移动,接近于线性理论的结果1/(1+μ). 关键词： 色散 量子起伏 光学参量放大器     

The solution of the time-dependent Fokker--Planck equation of non-degenerate optical parametric amplification and its application to the optimum realization of EPR paradox

In this paper, the solution of the time-dependent Fokker--Planck equation of non-degenerate optical parametric amplification is used to deduce the condition demonstrating the Einstein--Podolsky--Rosen (EPR) paradox. The analytics and numerical calculation show the influence of pump depletion on the error in the measurement of continuous variables. The optimum realization of EPR paradox can be achieved by adjusting the parameter of squeezing. This result is of practical importance when the realistic experimental conditions are taken into consideration.     

A relativistic formulation of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox

The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox and the correlated states it introduced comprise one of the central interpretive problems of quantum mechanics. Because of the apparent nonlocal character of this paradox, it should be given a relativistic treatment. The purpose of this paper is to provide such a treatment.     

New loophole for the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox

Using the new concept of "stochastic gauge system", we describe a novel loophole to circumvent the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox. We derive a "realistic" (i.e., classical) model, free from any paradox, which exactly emulates the spin EPR experiment. We conclude that Bell's inequalities are violated in classical physics as well, or, conversely that quantum mechanical theory is logically consistent with relativity.     

Mixed states in the EPR experiment

Page's density operator reformulation of the EPR experiment is briefly reviewed. It is argued that this resolution of the EPR paradox relies on a reinterpretation of the concept of the quantum state that (a) contradicts the basic axioms of quantum theory and (b) is internally inconsistent.     

Einstein–Podolski–Rosen paradox,non-commuting operator,complete wavefunction and entanglement

Einstein, Podolski and Rosen (EPR) have shown that any wavefunction (subject to the Schrödinger equation) can describe the physical reality completely, and any two observables associated with two non-commuting operators can have simultaneous reality. In contrast, quantum theory claims that the wavefunction can capture the physical reality completely, and the physical quantities associated with two non-commuting operators cannot have simultaneous reality. The above contradiction is known as the EPR paradox. Here, we unambiguously expose that there is a hidden assumption made by EPR, which gives rise to this famous paradox. Putting the assumption right this time leads us not to the paradox, but only reinforces the correctness of the quantum theory. However, it is shown here that the entanglement phenomenon between two physically separated particles (they were entangled prior to separation) can only be proven to exist with a ‘proper’ measurement.     

Realization of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox using momentum- and position-entangled photons from spontaneous parametric down conversion

We report on a momentum-position realization of the EPR paradox using direct detection in the near and far fields of the photons emitted by collinear type-II phase-matched parametric down conversion. Using this approach we achieved a measured two-photon momentum-position variance product of 0.01 variant Planck's over 2pi (2), which dramatically violates the bounds for the EPR and separability criteria.     

On the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen argument: Its recent critique and its meaning

There is good physics in a recent paper of Page on the EPR paradox. This physics, however, does not lead to the inference that the EPR argument is essentially invalid.     

Some Characterizations of EPR Steering

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR) steering is one of important quantum correlations of a composite quantum system, which was observed firstly by Schrödinger in the context of the famous EPR paradox and has been discussed recently. In this paper, we give some characterizations of EPR steerability of bipartite states by proving some necessary and sufficient conditions for a state to be unsteerable with a measurement assemblage of Alice. Based on one of the obtained characterizations, we derive an EPR steering inequality, which serves to check EPR steerability of the maximally entangled states.     

The Devil in the (Implicit) Details

The black hole information loss paradox has long been one of the most studied and fascinating aspects of black hole physics. In its latest incarnation, it takes the form of the firewall paradox. In this paper, we first give a conceptually oriented presentation of the paradox, based on the notion of causal structure. We then suggest a possible strategy for its resolutions and see that the core idea behind it is that there are connections that are non- local for semiclassical physics which have nonetheless to be taken into account when studying black holes. We see how to concretely implement this strategy in some physical models connected to the ER=EPR conjecture.

     

Revealing hidden Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen nonlocality

Steering is a form of quantum nonlocality that is intimately related to the famous Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox that ignited the ongoing discussion of quantum correlations. Within the hierarchy of nonlocal correlations appearing in nature, EPR steering occupies an intermediate position between Bell nonlocality and entanglement. In continuous variable systems, EPR steering correlations have been observed by violation of Reid's EPR inequality, which is based on inferred variances of complementary observables. Here we propose and experimentally test a new criterion based on entropy functions, and show that it is more powerful than the variance inequality for identifying EPR steering. Using the entropic criterion our experimental results show EPR steering, while the variance criterion does not. Our results open up the possibility of observing this type of nonlocality in a wider variety of quantum states.