盐酸美西律的两点滴定法和沉淀电位滴定法测定

利用过滤和不过滤两种方式配制盐酸美西律试液,分别采用两点滴定法和沉淀电位滴定法测定了盐酸美西律片的含量.结果表明,基于两种测定方法的测定结果均处于《药典》规定的范围之内;与《药典》规定的紫外分光光度法测定结果相比,相对偏差均小于2%.而采用过滤方法配制试液的测定结果与采用不过滤方法配制试液的测定结果之间的偏差约为1%.     

沉淀双点滴定法测定盐酸左旋咪唑

以Ag^＋作滴定剂,分别用双点滴定法和传统电位滴定法对盐酸左旋咪唑片进行了测定。试液的配制采用了过滤和不过滤两种方法。测定结果表明：所有方法测得的结果均在《药典》允许的范围之内;本法测定结果与《药典》规定方法的对照偏差约为2%-3%;采用过滤和不过滤两种方法配制试液的测定结果之间的偏差约为1%。     

电位滴定法测定抛光液中的三酸含量

探讨了利用自动电位滴定仪对抛光液中磷酸、硫酸及硝酸的分析方法,以及对溶剂的标定方法。电位滴定法测定三酸,先用硫酸亚铁铵滴定硝酸,再用氢氧化钠滴定磷酸和硫酸,从而计算三酸含量。结果表明,与传统滴定法相比,电位滴定法标定硫酸亚铁铵的相对标准偏差(RSD)从1.1%降至0.13%,标定氢氧化钠的RSD从0.72%降至0.06%。电位滴定法测定自配样品及工厂抛光产品中的硝酸,回收率分别在96%及93%以上。电位滴定法测定自配样品及工厂抛光产品中磷酸和硫酸的回收率偏差在3%以内。手动滴定法测定磷酸和硫酸的回收率偏差在5%～10%,回收效果不如电位滴定法。电位滴定法测定工厂抛光液的三酸加标回收率偏差均小于3%。自动电位滴定法比手工滴定的准确性和精密度明显提高,弥补了手工滴定法只能分析磷酸和硫酸,而无法测定硝酸的缺陷。     

电位滴定法测定抛光液中的三酸含量

探讨了利用自动电位滴定仪对抛光液中磷酸、硫酸及硝酸的分析方法,以及对溶剂的标定方法。电位滴定法测定三酸,先用硫酸亚铁铵滴定硝酸,再用氢氧化钠滴定磷酸和硫酸,从而计算三酸含量。结果表明,与传统滴定法相比,电位滴定法标定硫酸亚铁铵的相对标准偏差(RSD)从1.1%降至0.13%,标定氢氧化钠的RSD从0.72%降至0.06%。电位滴定法测定自配样品及工厂抛光产品中的硝酸,回收率分别在96%及93%以上。电位滴定法测定自配样品及工厂抛光产品中磷酸和硫酸的回收率偏差在3%以内。手动滴定法测定磷酸和硫酸的回收率偏差在5%~10%,回收效果不如电位滴定法。电位滴定法测定工厂抛光液的三酸加标回收率偏差均小于3%。自动电位滴定法比手工滴定的准确性和精密度明显提高,弥补了手工滴定法只能分析磷酸和硫酸,而无法测定硝酸的缺陷。     

共振光散射技术测定药物中的酒石酸美托洛尔

建立快速、准确测定药物中酒石酸美托洛尔的共振光散射(RLS)方法。在弱酸性Tris-盐酸缓冲溶液中,固绿FCF与酒石酸美托洛尔及溴代十六烷基吡啶反应生成绿色离子缔合物,使体系的RLS明显增强,最大RLS峰位于366 nm,酒石酸美托洛尔的质量浓度在0. 007~0. 53 mg·L~(-1)范围内与体系的RLS增强强度的绝对值(│△IRLS│)呈线性关系,检出限为0. 0062 mg·L~(-1),加标回收率为98. 71%~102. 4%,相对标准偏差(RSD)(n=6)为2. 0%~2. 5%。该法用于市售酒石酸美托洛尔药物中酒石酸美托洛尔的定量测定,结果满意。     

三氧化钨中砷的测定

按文献提供的分析方法,测定某些三氧化钨产品中的砷,结果偏低。本文将试样以氢氧化钠溶液分解后,先以磷酸(草酸或酒石酸)中和並络合钨,然后在盐酸介质中蒸馏分离出砷,以砷钼蓝光度法测定,得到满意结果。测定范围0.0005—0.1%。主要试剂无砷盐酸—比重1.19盐酸用水稀释至     

平痛新离子选择电极的研制及应用

盐酸平痛新是一种新型的无依赖性镇痛药物。其含量测定有紫外分光光度法、滴定法、酸性染料比色法等方法。本文以盐酸平痛新与硫氰酸铬酸形成的缔合物为电活性物制备了 PVC膜盐酸平痛新离子选择性电极 ,并用此电极对盐酸平痛新片的含量进行了测定 ,结果与紫外分光光度法相符。     

电位滴定法测定盐酸左氧氟沙星注射液中左氧氟沙星的含量

对测定盐酸左氧氟沙星注射液中有效成分左氧氟沙星含量的电位滴定法提出了改进,即在盐酸左氧氟沙星注射液样品中加入1.0~2.0倍于左氧氟沙星的物质的量的盐酸标准溶液,以0.050mol·L-1氢氧化钠标准溶液进行滴定,根据滴定曲线上第一个与第三个pH突跃点之间的体积差值计算左氧氟沙星的含量。按上述方法测定可消除样品中可能存在的游离盐酸或游离左氧氟沙星对测定带来的误差。4种不同批次注射液的测定结果与高效液相色谱法的测定结果相近,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)均小于0.30%。按标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率为97.6%~102%。     

多波长褪色分光光度法测定药物中的酒石酸美托洛尔

建立了测定药物中酒石酸美托洛尔的多波长褪色分光光度法,探讨了适宜反应条件、褪色光谱特征及共存物质的影响。在pH 5.66的Tris-盐酸缓冲介质中,酒石酸美托洛尔与固绿FCF反应生成具有3个负吸收峰(可见区)的二元离子缔合物,最大负吸收峰位于660 nm,另两吸收峰分别位于560 nm和426 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)分别为3.43×10~4(660 nm),2.53×10~4(560 nm)和2.57×10~4L/(mol·cm)(426 nm)。当用双波长或三波长叠加负吸收光谱法测定时,表观摩尔吸光系数分别可达5.96×10~4L/(mol·cm)(660 nm+560 nm)和8.53×10~4L/(mol·cm)(660 nm+560 nm+426 nm)。酒石酸美托洛尔的质量浓度在0.02~6.8 mg/L范围内服从朗伯-比尔定律。该方法用于市售酒石酸美托洛尔药物中酒石酸美托洛尔的测定,加标回收率为98.2%~102.7%,相对标准偏差RSD(n=6)为2.0%~2.3%。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法在铋矿石化学物相分析中的应用

取铋矿石试样(0.500 0g),用抗坏血酸0.5g和1mol·L~(-1)盐酸溶液50mL,于25℃振荡提取30min,经致密滤纸过滤。取其滤液制成含20%(体积分数,下同)盐酸的试液100.0mL,用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定其中的氧化矿铋的含量。将上述过滤中的滤纸及其不溶物用盐酸羟胺0.5g和50%盐酸溶液25mL于100℃水浴中浸取1h后,加水25mL并过滤,取其滤液制成含20%盐酸的试液100.0mL,用ICP-AES测定其中的辉铋矿铋。将上述过滤后所得滤纸及其不溶物移入瓷坩埚中,升温至800℃灰化2h。冷却后,将坩埚中的不溶物用盐酸-硝酸-水(3+1+2)混合酸20mL加热溶解并蒸缩至约10mL,加入20%盐酸溶液10mL并定容至50.0mL,用原子荧光光度计(AFS)测定其中自然铋矿铋的含量。另取铋矿石样品0.500 0g,用上述混合酸20mL加热溶解并蒸缩至约10mL,加入20%盐酸溶液20mL,并定容至100.0mL,用ICP-AES测定其全铋量。ICP-AES校准曲线的线性范围在10.00mg·L~(-1)以内,铋的检出限(3S/N)为3.0μg·g~(-1)。用所提出方法和常用的比色法对3个样品中的全铋、氧化矿铋和辉铋矿铋分别进行测定,两种方法所得结果相互一致。     

Fabrication of Pt nanoparticles-decorated CVD diamond electrode for biosensor applications

An electrochemical biosensor was developed using boron-doped diamond (BDD) as an electrode material. To enhance the electrical performance of the electrode, the BDD electrode was decorated with Pt-nanoparticles (Pt-NPs) by electrochemical deposition. Their morphology according to the applied potentials for the synthesis of Pt-NPs was characterized by SEM. To identify the performance of the electrode modified with Pt-NPs, glucose detection was used as a sample sensing process, and the results were compared with those of a gold electrode and a bare BDD electrode. The electrochemical characteristics of the modified electrode were examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The BDD electrode with the Pt-NPs showed higher sensitivity and a lower detection limit than the Au electrode and BDD electrode. The proposed biosensor based on the Pt-NPs decorated BDD electrode showed high sensitivity, a low detection limit, fast direct electron transfer and good stability.     

IrSnOx电极制备及其在电氧化制备2,5-二氯苯酚中的应用

采用热分解法制备钛基IrSnO_x电极,并将电极应用于电催化氧化对二氯苯制备2,5-二氯苯酚,探索了绿色高效的电合成途径. 结果表明,电极表面存在裂纹,中间层Sn:Sb为94:6时裂纹较少,强化寿命较长;电极对对二氯苯电氧化具有较好的循环伏安响应;IrSnO_x电极电催化氧化对二氯苯所得产物主要为2,5-二氯苯酚、1,2,4-三氯苯、对氯苯酚等,其中2,5-二氯苯酚选择性达93%,产率57%,显著优于以析氯电极、析氧电极、铂为阳极时,2,5-二氯苯酚的选择性89%、27%、87%和30%、15%、49%的产率,体现了优良的电催化氧化性能.     

钙对氮化钼膜电极性能的影响

应用XRD、SEM、循环伏安法 (CV)等测试手段研究了钙对氮化钼膜电极性能的影响 .结果表明 ,采用浸渍_煅烧法制备电极 ,浸渍液中添加剂的量对电极电化学性能的影响显著 ;当添加剂的量为最佳值时 ,电极的比电容约为不加添加剂制备之电极的 2 .1倍 ,工作电势拓宽了 0 .11V .钙对γ_Mo2 N膜电极电化学性能的影响机理可认为是电极新生物质CaxNy、晶粒规整化和电极活性物质吸附能力增强这三种因素的协同作用     

Studies of the chlorpheniramine solid-state ion-selective electrode

An Ag/AgCl solid-state electrode was prepared by using urea-formaldehyde resin as the frame material and KCl powder as the active material. Using the prepared Ag/AgCl solid-state electrode as substrate and chlorpheniramine tetraphenylborate ion-pair complex as the active component, a new type of solid-state chlorpheniramine ion-selective electrode was constructed. The properties of the electrode were studied in detail. The electrode shows a rather good stability and can be used in the potentiometric determination of chlorpheniramine.     

Abrasive immobilization of carbon nanotubes on a basal plane pyrolytic graphite electrode: application to the detection of epinephrine

The performance of a basal plane pyrolytic graphite (bppg) electrode modified with carbon nanotubes is described. Abrasive immobilization of multiwall carbon nanotubes on a bppg electrode was achieved by gently rubbing the electrode surface on a filter paper supporting carbon nanotubes. The resulting electrode showed excellent mediation of epinephrine oxidation: a decrease in the overvoltage of the epinephrine electro-oxidation (200-500 mV) was observed as well as a dramatic increase in the peak current (4 times) compared to that seen at a bare bppg electrode. The oxidation peaks of epinephrine and ascorbic acid which overlap on bare bppg electrode were separated successfully (by ca. 220 mV) at the surface of the modified bppg electrode. The modified electrode showed good stability in comparison to most modified carbon nanotubes electrodes prepared by alternative methods.     

和频振动光谱研究多晶金电极/溶液界面乙腈分子取向的flip-flop行为

用和频振动光谱研究乙腈/金电极界面,观测到乙腈的甲基振动峰强度随施加的电极电势而变化.当电极电势越过零电荷电势（pzc）时,甲基振动峰符号发生反转,这意味着基团取向发生反转（flip-flop）.由此推断出乙腈分子在金电极界面的吸附构型.即在零电荷电势下,电极界面吸附的乙腈分子构型为甲基靠近电极表面而腈基远离电极表面;而高于零电荷电势则电极界面吸附的乙腈分子构型发生反转,变为腈基靠近电极表面而甲基远离电极表面的构型.     

细胞色素c在自组装纳米膜电极上的有效固定及直接电化学

采用自组装方法将壳聚糖-纳米金(Chi-Nano Au)修饰到金(Au)电极上,并经进一步自组装细胞色素c(Cyt c),制得自组装膜电极Cyt c/Chi-Nano Au/Au.测定了自组装膜电极的循环伏安曲线(CV)及稳定性.结果表明,利用自组装膜电极Chi-Nano Au/Au可以有效地固定Cyt c,并实现直接电子转移反应.Cyt c在0.13～0.28V(vs Ag/AgCl)之间显示一对明显的可逆氧化还原峰;峰电流与扫描速度呈现良好的线性关系,线性方程为Ipc=0.063 64+0.003 51υ,线性相关系数为r=0.997 2,这表明该电极过程受吸附控制.此外,所制备的膜电极稳定性良好.     

Rotating minidisk–disk electrodes

Rotating minidisk–disk electrode (RMDDE) was developed by replacing ring electrode of rotating ring–disk electrode (RRDE) with a minidisk electrode. Its applications were demonstrated by studying electrochemical reactions of ferricyanide and divalent copper. The replacement of ring electrode by minidisk electrode results in following advantages. First, the fabrication of RMDDE is easier than that of RRDE with the same electrode material. Second, there is more freedom in choosing electrode materials and sizes, since it is difficult to make thin ring electrodes of RRDE with fragile materials. Third, the replacement of ring electrode by minidisk electrode saves electrode materials, especially rare materials. Finally, the substitution of minidisk electrode for ring electrode allows using multiple minidisks for simultaneous monitoring of multiple components. Therefore, RMDDE is a promising generator–collector system, especially when special generator–collector systems are not commercially available, such as corrosion study and electrocatalysis study of new electrode materials.     

新型杯芳烃为载体的铅离子选择电极

报道了5,11,17,23-四（1,1-二甲基乙基）-25,27-二羟基-26,28-二[（2-丙酰胺）乙氧基]杯[4]芳烃1的合成及以此化合物为载体研制了PVC膜铅离子选择电极。研究了不同极性的膜增塑剂和亲脂性阴离子位点对铅离子选择电极响应性能的影响,测定了铅离子选择电极的性能。铅离子选择电极对铅离子表现出优良的能斯特响应和高选择性,能在pH4.0-6.5的范围内使用,该电极可作为电位滴定的指示电极。     

Accumulated detection of ethidium bromide using a UV-irradiated DNA film modified electrode and its application for electrochemical detection of an environmental pollutant

In this study, DNA was first fabricated on a glassy carbon electrode by UV-irradiation. Through this process, water-soluble DNA was converted into insoluble materials, and a stable DNA film formed on the electrode. Ethidium bromide (EtBr), a typical model substance for harmful chemicals having planer structure, was used as an electroactive intercalator. This allowed our group to investigate the electrochemical and accumulative behaviors of the intercalator in UV-irradiated DNA film on the electrode. The UV-irradiated, DNA film-modified electrode (UV-DNA-FE) made it possible to accumulate electroactive EtBr on the electrode and detect it after accumulation. The modified electrode was used to detect dibenzofuran (DBF) as an environmental pollutant. The measurements were successfully obtained by focusing on the variation of the electrode response of EtBr, based on the competitive reaction between EtBr and DBF for the intercalating sites of DNA. The results indicated the possibility of using UV-DNA film as a sensing mechanism.