混凝土中重金属元素溶出量的质谱分析

利用带八极杆碰撞/反应池和屏蔽炬技术的电感耦合等离子体质谱直接测定混凝土中Cr,Mn,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Cd,Sn,Sb,Pb等多种重金属元素的溶出量。通过向碰撞池中引入氢气和氦气消除多元素分子离子的干扰,以50μg/L的Ge,In,Tb为内标元素校正基体干扰和漂移。10种待测元素的检出限为0.001～0.033μg/L,相对标准偏差为0.85%～2.8%,样品的加标回收率在91.1%～103.9%之间。     

乳化辅助微波消解-ICP-ORS-MS快速测定霜膏类化妆品中17种微量元素

采用乳化剂和硝酸体系微波消解样品,带八极杆碰撞/反应池(ORS)的电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法同时测定了霜膏类化妆品中铍、硼、铝、钛、铬、锌、砷、硒、银、镉、锡、锑、碘、钕、汞、铊和铅等17种微量元素.通过优化样品前处理和ICP-MS操作条件,降低了质谱干扰,各元素的检出限(3σ)在0.003 ～0.058 ...     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定花生中稀土元素

本文建立了微波消解-八极杆碰撞/反应池(ORS)电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)同时测定花生仁中的La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu 14种稀土元素的分析方法。样品经微波消解后,在线加入103 Rh内标元素有效消除了非质谱干扰,选用八极杆碰撞/反应池技术有效地消除了质谱干扰。氦碰撞反应气流速为4.5mL/min时背景等效浓度(BEC)最低。结果表明,选择体积比4∶1的HNO3-H2O2体系微波消解充分,14种稀土元素的检出限小于0.0011ng/mL,相对标准偏差(RSD)低于2.60%。该方法具有简单、快速、准确的特点,可作为花生中稀土元素同时测定的可靠方法。     

八极杆碰撞/反应池(ORS)-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定复杂矿物中的稀土元素

对未知复杂矿物样品采用扫描电子显微镜-能谱法解析样品,确定基本成分后选择合适的样品前处理方法。实验中采用过氧化钠熔融法熔解样品,用水浸出,硝酸酸化后制备待测样品溶液。以Rh为内标,用八极杆碰撞/反应池(ORS)-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定了复杂样品中的稀土元素。多次测定同一混合标准溶液结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)小于4%,加标回收率为90%~110%。方法适用于未知复杂矿物中稀土元素的测定。     

六极杆碰撞反应池-等离子体质谱测定生物样品中痕量铬和钒

采用带六极杆碰撞反应池的电感耦合等离子体质谱直接测定了生物样品中痕量铬和钒。在碰撞反应池中引入He/NH3(93∶7)混合气,有效地消除了分子离子(ArC 、NCl 、Cl O 、Cl OH 等)对超痕量铬、钒测定的干扰,降低了方法的检出限。比较了干法灰化和湿法消解两种样品处理方法,两种消解方式获得的结果基本一致。方法的检出限(3σ):钒为0.005 0μg.g-1,铬为0.001 8μg.g-1。相对标准偏差:钒为3.25%~14.08%;铬为4.20%~8.24%。经国家一级生物标准物质验证,测定值与标准值吻合。     

八极杆碰撞反应池-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定食用香精中多元素

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定食用香精样品中砷、铬、铜、锰、硒、铅、汞、镉和钴等9种金属元素。通过完善微波消解前处理条件,优化仪器参数,结合使用八极杆碰撞/反应池技术和氦模式技术,有效地消除了多原子离子干扰。各测定元素的线性范围在10μg·L~(-1)以内,相关系数均在0.995以上,检出限(3s)在0.000 6~0.016μg·L~(-1)之间。加标回收率在90.0%~114%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)小于5%。方法用于分析标准物质,测定值与认定值相符。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定金属单元素溶液标准物质中杂质

建立了电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定Zn、Pb、Co、Cd、Ni、Fe、Cr、Cu 8种各行业常用国家一级金属单元素溶液标准物质中痕量杂质含量的方法。采用八极杆碰撞/反应池动能歧视模式,以4.3 mL/min的He气碰撞消除~(40)Ca~(16)O~+和~(40)Ar~(16)O~+对~(56)Fe~+、~(37)Cl~(16)O~+对~(53)Cr~+、~(35)Cl~(17)OH对~(52)Cr~+等的多原子干扰,选择适当的同位素使待测样在避免质谱重叠的同时获得尽可能多的待测离子,通过引入内标方式实时监测并校正检测信号的动态漂移,消除基体效应。本方法线性相关系数R均大于0.998,检出限在0.002～0.653μg/L之间,重复性(RSD)在2.0%～5.4%之间,测量结果的相对扩展不确定度在2.9%～7.7%之间。应用本方法优化的ICP-MS工作参数,可以快速检测出金属单元素溶液标准物质中其他痕量金属元素。     

碰撞池反应-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定出口食品营养强化剂中的26种元素

采用碰撞池反应-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法建立了11种营养强化剂中26种元素的He碰撞反应池模式下的全定量检测方法。考察了不同的样品处理方式及样品称样量对分析过程的影响,比较了普通模式和He碰撞反应池模式的优缺点。实验结果表明,对于易溶性营养强化剂可以采用直接酸溶液溶解进样方式,且定容体积为10mL时有机强化剂称样量控制在0.20g、无机强化剂称样量控制在0.10g以下时基体干扰较小,可得到满意的测定结果。各元素加标回收率在81.0%～110%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.1%～5.4%,可实现对26种元素一次性测定,为河北辖区出口营养强化剂提供分析方法和风险监控分析依据。     

ICP-MS法快速测定丙烯腈/乙腈中的铁、铜

采用带八级杆碰撞/反应池(ORS)的电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS),直接测定丙烯腈或乙腈产品中的Fe、Cu,标准加入法定量.结果表明,方法的线性范围宽,线性相关系数均大于0.999.2种元素的相对标准偏差均低于5%,加标回收率在90%~110%.该方法简便、快速、准确.     

三重串联四极杆等离子体质谱法测定激光光纤用超高纯铈螯合物中痕量金属杂质离子

该文建立了三重串联四极杆电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS/MS)测定激光光纤用超高纯铈螯合物中14种稀土及4种非稀土痕量金属杂质离子含量的新方法。采用低压密闭湿法消解,0.1 g样品以1 mL HNO_3处理30 min即可获得澄清溶液,实现了样品高效、清洁的前处理。在MS串接检测模式下,通过优化耐高盐进样系统(HMI)参数获得了低至0.3%的CeO~+/Ce~+产率,并进一步结合氧气及氨气反应池技术充分消除了基体Ce对超痕量La、Pr、Gd、Tb、Dy导致的典型强复合离子干扰和质谱拖尾,实现了2～3个数量级的干扰程度改善;基于冷等离子体技术并结合氢气及氦气碰撞反应池技术在高基体浓度下充分消除了Ar对超痕量Ca、Fe导致的同质异素及多原子离子干扰。在优化条件下,针对6N超高纯铈螯合物中所有杂质元素测定的长期稳定性RSD5%(2 h,4.0 g/L),加标回收率为92.6%～108%,方法检出限为0.001 2～0.071 5μg/g,表明所建立的方法适用于6N超高纯铈螯合物样品的快速批量分析。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.