群多普利溶液构象的NMR研究

采用1D和2D NMR技术对血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂群多普利在CDCl₃溶液中存在的两种构象进行了结构解析, 并结合分子动力学和密度泛函理论方法对其进行了结构的几何优化和能量计算. 结果表明, 群多普利因分子中酰胺键的旋转而形成反式构象A和顺式构象B, 两种构象的能量差为6.35 kJ/mol, 且顺式构象为该药物的优势构象.     

细胞色素c咪唑配合物的~1H NMR归属及构象研究

咪唑细胞色素c(Im·cyt c)是碱式细胞色素c(cyt c)及细胞色素c蛋白分子折叠过程的中间体类似物.用二维核磁共振(2D NMR)方法完成了Im·cyt c的主链(Gly-29除外)和绝大部分侧链的质子共振峰归属.归属主要采用主链指向法(MCD)进行.由得到的NOE联结,确定了Im·cyt c的二级结构,阐明了轴向配体Met80和血红素Fe间Fe-S键的断裂以及Met80被Im取代所引起的蛋白三维构象变化.同cyt c相比,Im·cyt c中的50,60及70 s a螺旋存在较大构象变动;Tyr67-Asn70和Ile75-Thr78两个月β-turn已经消失 咪唑的配位也导致了部分氨基酸残基,尤其是血红素疏水腔附近如Trp59,Tyr67,Tyr74等残基侧链的空间位置相对变化     

血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)的溶液构象研究

用固相多肽合成方法合成AngⅡ,并用2DNMR技术测定其在D₂O与DMSO-d₆中的构象.通过偶合常数、ROE效应、化学位移温度系数,确定其二面角约束、距离约束及氢键约束·结果表明,AngI在D₂O与DMSO-d₆中构象极为相近,呈无规卷曲状态,排除了其构象为α螺旋、3₁₀螺旋、β转角、γ转角、平行与反平行β折叠的可能性,且其在水中的构象对温度不敏感.     

蒙特卡洛模拟退火与距离限制相结合的方法在多肽溶液构象分析中的应用

多维核磁共振技术的飞速发展议得其在生物大分子结构测定方面的应用已经达到可以与【射线晶体学并驾齐驱的地步．蛋白质结构堆积紧密，较适合于用核磁共振方法给出确定的结构．与蛋白质不同的是多肽的柔性较大，在溶液中可能存在多种构象，核磁共振实验给出的只是平均信息＊．利用核磁，（振数据构建分子结构模型常用的方法有距离几何、分子动力学等，在由核磁共振NOESZ得到的距离信息足够多时可以给出较好的结果问．由于多肽本身的特点：柔性较大，由核磁共振得到的距离信息较少等，利用距离几何、分子动力学方法进行构象搜索时容易陷入…     

寡肽Asterin B和C溶液构象的NMR研究 Ⅱ. NMR及分子动力学模拟

利用NMR和分子动力学方法研究了寡肽Asterin B和C的溶液构象。结果表明,Asterin B在溶液中形成了某种非氢键的转角结构, 并由残基间的疏水相互作用使整个分子具有两亲性, 这种结构特征可能和其生物活性有关。并进一步讨论了这种结构的形成在蛋白质卷曲的起始过程中的意义。而Asterin C在溶液中柔性较大, 存在多种构象的平均。     

寡肽Asterin B和C溶液构象的NMR研究1: ^1H NMR归属及构象特征

Asterin B和C是从紫菀中分得的两个寡肽, 本文利用2D-NMR技术归属了它们的^1H NMR谱线, 并讨论了它们的构象特征。为进一步采用NMR和分子动力学(MD)方法研究它们的溶液构象奠定了基础。     

寡肽Asterin B和C溶液构象的NMR研究1: ^1H NMR归属及构象特征

Asterin B和C是从紫菀中分得的两个寡肽, 本文利用2D-NMR技术归属了它们的^1H NMR谱线, 并讨论了它们的构象特征。为进一步采用NMR和分子动力学(MD)方法研究它们的溶液构象奠定了基础。     

寡肽Asterin B和C溶液构象的NMR研究 Ⅱ. NMR及分子动力学模拟

利用NMR和分子动力学方法研究了寡肽Asterin B和C的溶液构象.结果表明,Asterin B在溶液中形成了某种非氢键的转角结构,并由残基间的疏水相互作用使整个分子具有两亲性,这种结构特征可能和其生物活性有关.并进一步讨论了这种结构的形成在蛋白质卷曲的起始过程中的意义.而Asterin C在溶液中柔性较大,存在多种构象的平均.     

蒙特卡洛模拟退火与距离限制相结合的方法——在多肽溶液构象分析中的应用

Distance geometry and molecular dynamics are currently employed in determining molecular structures with interatomic distances from NMR NOESY experiment. Because of the flexibility of peptide, distances obtained from NMR are usually not sufficient to confine its structure. Both distance geometry and molecular dynamics will bias in the conformational space at this circumstance. Constraint Monte Carlo simulated annealing was established to solve this problem. Distance constraints were included into the ECEPP/2 force field by introducing a harmonic energy term. Conformational analysis of a pentapeptide with eight interatomic distances from NMR was carried out as a test. By comparison of the 100 conformers obtained from constraint simulated annealing and the 100 conformers from distance geometry calculation, it was found that constraint simulated annealing can cover the outcomes of distance geometry and at the same time give more con-formers fitting to the experimental data. The result shows that constraint Monte-Carlo simulated annealing is more valid in constructing peptide structures from NMR distances than currently employed methods when no sufficient distances from NMR are available.     

Internal rotation in enaminonitriles: Investigation by dynamic NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling

Rotational isomerism in enaminonitriles was studied using dynamic NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling. It was found that the barrier to rotation about C_vinyl-NH bond was higher for enaminonitriles derived from aliphatic amines than that of enaminonitriles derived from aromatic amines. It was also found that the rotational isomerism about the C_ar-C_vinyl bond also exists in enaminonitriles.     

NMR study of the dynamic behaviour of the system 2-ethylhexylsodium-2-ethylhexyllithium in heptane

Mixtures of 2-ethylhexylsodium and 2-ethylhexyllithium are studied by ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR spectroscopy in the temperature range from 20 to −50°C in hydrocarbon solutions. Characteristic temperature-dependent spectra obtained are indicative of dynamic exchange processes taking place in the system. The following activation parameters are found: ΔH^≠=31.7±2.7 kJ mol⁻¹; ΔG^≠₃₁₃=58.7±0.6 kJ mol⁻¹; ΔS^≠=−86.37±10.8 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹. The negative value of the activation entropy indicates that the exchange proceeds through the associative mechanism. The participation in exchange reactions of aggregates, containing both sodium and lithium derivatives, is suggested.     

Complete 1H and 13C NMR spectral assignment of symmetric and asymmetric bis-spiropyran derivatives

(1)H and (13)C NMR spectra of symmetric and asymmetric bis-spiropyrans, Series 1-3, were completely assigned. Especially, the (1)H assignment of asymmetric spiropyrans was achieved by utilizing (1)H-(1)H COSY and nOe experiments. All of the carbons in the dye molecules were investigated through a combination of heteronuclear 2D-shift correlation spectroscopy (HETCOR), together with an attached proton test (APT).     

Spectroscopic Investigation of Polypeptide Plane Brushes

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used for determination of orientational and conformational characteristics of plane polypeptide brushes with different density of polypeptide chains grafted to modified silicon surface. The determination of grafting density of polypeptide chains in brushes, which depends on chemical structure of spacer groups, was carried out using ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy. The influence of chemical structure of modifying spacer groups and outer conditions on the characteristics of plane polypeptide brushes was established. The peculiarities of α-helical structure (random coil transfer of polymer chains in brushes under the action of denaturants) were investigated.     

The Conformation of Cycloartenol Investigated by NMR and Molecular Mechanics

Cycloartenol ( 4 ), a natural plant sterol, was shown to be an effective membrane reinforcer; this was attributed to its conformation. We now present a conformational analysis of 4 by molecular modeling and NMR. Molecular modeling suggests that two conformations I and II coexist, differing mainly at the level of ring C, and of nearly equal energy, I and II each having ring A and B in a chair and half-chair conformation, respectively, with ring C 1,3-diplanar in I (solid-state structure as determined by X-ray crystallography) and in chair conformation in II . A complete assignment of the ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR spectra of 4 and the entire coupling network in rings A and B is determined by various modern NMR techniques. The conformation of rings A and B thus determined is in agreement with conformations I and II . Low-temperature NMR experiments show a fast equilibrium between two conformations, presumably I and II . It is concluded, therefore, that the cyclopropane ring of 4 produces a flexibility at the level of ring C which may be important for the membrane properties.     

孤啡肽OFQ的溶液构象研究

应用近代NMR波谱技术对孤啡肽OFQ及其片段OFQ_(8-17)的溶液结构进行了比较 研究，测定了孤啡肽OFQ和片段OFQ_(8-17)在H_2O和TEF/H_2O两种溶剂条件下的2D －DQF－COSY，2D－TOCSY，2D－NOSESY(ROESY)谱，完成了它们氨基酸残基的处旋 系统识别和序列特异性归属，获得分子中质子化学位移的完全归属，根据NOE特征 和主链偶合常数等结构参数确定了它们的特征二级结构，以NOE提供的距离约束， 进行何，分子力学和分子动力学模拟，得到了孤啡肽OFQ在不同溶剂条件下的溶液 结构。在H_2O溶济中，孤啡肽OFQ在G3－F4－T5－G6处形成一复合型转角结构。在 TFE/H_2O溶剂中，OFQ整个分子形成两新性α－螺旋结构。而孤啡肽片OFO_(8-17) 在这两种环境中均为伸展的无规结构。孤啡肽OFQ在类似膜环境(TFE/H_2O)下的α 螺旋结构可能为其活性构象。     

Conformation of 2,5-substituted 1,3,2-dioxaborinanes studied by NMR

The conformation of a series of 2,5-substituted 1,3,2-dioxaborinanes is studied by PMR. The preferred conformation for the majority of compounds has an equatorial group on atom C₍₅₎. The 5-nitroderivative exists in the conformation with an axial nitro group.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 8, pp. 1107–1109, August, 1990.     

Further C-Alkylations of Cyclotetrapeptides via Lithium and Phosphazenium (P4) Enolates: Discovery of a New Conformation

Four cyclotetrapeptides containing one ( 1, 2 ) or two ( 3, 4 ) chiral amino acids have been C-alkylated or C-hydroxyalkylated through Li⁺ or phosphazenium (P4 · H⁺) enolates. The reactions are completely diastereoselective (by NMR or HPLC analysis) with respect to the newly formed backbone stereogenic centres (Tables 2 and 3). The reactivity of the polylithiated species responsible for these alkylations is such that only highly reactive electrophiles (MeI, BnBr, primary allylic halides, aldehydes, CO₂) can be employed. It is shown that the position, and thus the chirality sense, of the newly formed stereogenic centre in a given cyclotetrapeptide backbone is controlled by the positioning of N-methyl groups in the starting material (cf. cyclo(-MeLeu-Gly-D -Ala-Sar-) ( 3 ) and cyclo(-Leu-Sar-MeD Ala-Gly-) ( 4 ) in Scheme 1). With Schwesinger's phosphazene P4-base, all NH groups are first benzylated and C-benzylation then takes place at a sarcosine, rather than an N-benzylglycine residue (Table 3). In contrast to open-chain N-benzyl peptides, the N-benzylated cyclotetrapeptides could not be debenzylated under dissolving-metal conditions (Na/NH₃). Conformational analysis (NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction) shows that the prevailing species have cis/trans/cis/trans(ctct) peptide bonds (zigzag conformation of C_i backbone symmetry, Figs. 2–4). However, a hitherto unknown conformation of cyclotetrapeptides has been found in CDCl₃ solutions of the hydroxyalkylated products 18–21 (obtained with EtCHO and PhCHO as electrophiles; Fig.4). The new conformation has four trans peptide bonds and is believed to result mainly from intramolecular H-bond formation, involving the newly generated alkyl- or arylserine residue. This assumption has also been supported by modelling (TRIPOS force field, SYBYL, see Fig.5 and Table 6). The structure may be considered as a β-turn mimic.     

层状磷酸铝UT-4的固体核磁共振研究

用吡啶代替四乙二醇作为溶剂, 在Al2O3-H3PO4-C6H11NH2-Py体系下合成出层状阴离子骨架磷酸铝［Al2P3O12H］2-·2［C6H11NH+3］(UT-4)的纯晶相, 采用一维27Al, 31P MAS NMR , 1H→31P CP(Cross Polarization)以及二维27Al- 31P HETCOR(Heteronuclear Correlation)高分辨固体核磁共振技术对其骨架结构进行了表征. 采用两种方法对 27Al信号进行了归属, 并通过分析27Al-31P HETCOR谱对31P 信号进行了归属.     

利用三中心氢键限制芳酰胺构象的核磁共振氢谱分析

设计并合成了9个可形成三中心氢键和6个可形成二中心氢键的N-芳基芳酰胺模型化合物, 基于它们在氯仿和二甲基亚砜(DMSO)中的一维核磁共振波谱, 系统地分析了羰基对βH和γH的去屏蔽效应. 将Δ(δ_βH)和Δ(δ_γH)的值结合在一起, 分析了三中心氢键对芳酰胺分子的构象限制效果, 发现N-(2-氟苯基)-2-氟苯甲酰胺、 N-(2-甲氧基苯基)-2-氟苯甲酰胺和N-(2-氟苯基)-2-甲氧基苯甲酰胺这3个N-芳基芳酰胺在酰胺基团的左右两侧都能展现出很好的构象控制效果, 因此认为这3种结构单元在构建折叠体方面具有更大的潜力. 此外, 本文还发现, 当NH与第二个氢键受体形成氢键时, 其和第一个氢键受体之间的氢键就被削弱了, 即在芳酰胺形成三中心氢键时, 2个氢键受体争相与NH形成氢键并取得了某种平衡.