前瞻性护理干预对脑出血术后患者便秘的影响

目的分析前瞻性护理干预对脑出血术后患者便秘的影响。方法选取万载县人民医院2014年1月—2015年1月收治脑出血患者66例,分为两组,对照组用常规护理,研究组用前瞻性护理干预,分析护理后对患者便秘的影响。结果护理后,研究组并发症发生率,与对照组有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论前瞻性护理干预能够有效缓解脑出血术后患者便秘发生率,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

输液室护理中应用人性化护理干预的效果观察

目的探析人性化护理干预运用在输液室护理中的临床效果。方法选择2014年8月—2015年8月江西省新余市渝水区珠珊镇卫生院门诊输液的患者50例为研究对象,采用数字随机表法将其分为两组,对照组和观察组各25例,其中对照组采用一般护理,而观察组则运用人性化护理干预,对两组的护理投诉率、不良反应发生率以及满意度进行比较分析。结果与对照组比较,观察组的不良反应发生率和护理投诉率均较低,组间比较差异明显(P0.05);同时,相比较对照组而言,观察组的护理满意度较高,组间对比存在明显差异(P0.05)。结论在输液室护理中,运用人性化护理干预,不仅能够使护理质量提高,还能增强患者满意度,避免发生护患纠纷。     

Orem自理模式在股骨粗隆间骨折病人护理过程中的应用研究

目的分析研究Orem自理模式在股骨粗隆间骨折病人护理过程中的应用效果。方法选取于2013年1月—2014年1月来湛江市霞山骨伤科医院治疗的股骨粗隆间骨折患者150例作为研究对象,分为对照组和观察组,每组各75例,对照组行常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上实施Orem自理模式,观察对比两组患者的临床效果、并发症发生情况及护理满意度。结果观察组护理满意度为97.33%,高于对照组的78.67%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论股骨粗隆间骨折病人护理全过程中实施Orem自理模式的临床效果显著,减少术后并发症的发生,提高患者护理满意度。     

尺桡骨骨折患者的临床护理措施初步分析

目的探析护理干预运用在尺桡骨骨折患者中的临床价值。方法选择2013年3月—2015年3月期间江西省德安县人民医院收治的尺桡骨骨折患者76例为研究对象,运用随机数字法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组38例,其中给予对照组常规护理,而观察组则运用综合护理干预,对两组的护理效果进行比较分析。结果与对照组比较,观察组的前臂功能优良率明显较高,组间对比差异显著(P0.05);同时,两组的视觉模拟评分(VAS)、患肢肿胀值以及护理满意度比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论临床上将综合性护理干预运用在尺桡骨骨折患者中,一方面可以缓解疼痛、消除患肢肿胀,另一方面还能促进前臂功能恢复,值得推广。     

护理干预对冠心病并糖尿病冠状动脉介入治疗并发症的影响

目的探究护理干预对冠心病并糖尿病冠状动脉介入治疗并发症的影响。方法选择佛山市第一人民医院自2013年5月—2015年5月收治的诊断为冠心病并糖尿病的90例患者,均给予冠状动脉介入治疗,并将其随机分为两组,对照组和观察组,每组45例,对照组给予常规护理干预,观察组给予综合护理干预,观察两组患者护理疗效。结果观察组患者发生并发症的情况低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者满意率明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);进行护理干预前两组患者的收缩压、血糖数值并无明显差异,给予干预后,观察组患者的收缩压、血糖数值明显低于对照组,对照组虽有所下降但并不明显,两组对比,差异显著(P0.05)。结论冠心病并糖尿病的患者使用冠状动脉介入术治疗,给予有效的护理措施后,取得了较好的临床疗效。     

对黏连性肠梗阻患者术后实施综合护理干预后的护理质量评价

目的探讨对黏连性肠梗阻患者术后实施综合护理干预后的护理质量。方法选取2014年1月至2014年12月期间在湖北省团风县人民医院接受治疗的腹部手术患者100例,将患者随机分为观察组与对照组,每组患者50例。其中对照组实施常规护理,观察组实施综合护理干预,比较两组患者的临床护理效果。结果观察组患者黏连性肠梗阻发生率低于对照组,胃肠道功能的恢复时间均短于对照组,组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹部手术患者术后实施综合护理干预可减轻对胃肠道功能的影响,降低黏连性肠梗阻的发生几率。     

四肢骨折后关节僵硬的观察与临床护理

目的探析四肢骨折后关节僵硬的观察与临床护理方法。方法选择四肢骨折后关节僵硬患者92例为研究对象,随机分为两组,其中给予对照组常规护理,而观察组则运用针对性护理干预,对两组的护理效果进行比较分析。结果与对照组比较,观察组的关节优良率明显较高,组间对比差异明显(P0.05);同时,两组在护理满意度方面比较差异有统计意义(P0.05)。结论临床上给予四肢骨折后关节僵硬患者针对性护理干预,不仅有助于恢复患者的关节功能,还能增强护理满意度,值得推广。     

人性化护理对药流术效果及术后阴道出血量的影响

目的研究并分析对药流终止妊娠患者使用人性化护理后对其术后阴道出血量的影响效果。方法收集药流终止妊娠患者共130例,根据平行、单盲、随机对照的设计原则分为对照组(65例)和观察组(65例),对照组接受常规护理,观察组结合人性化护理,将两组患者的引产成功率、不良反应发生率、术后阴道出血时间以及出血量进行观察和对比。结果观察组的引产成功率明显高于对照组,观察组的不良反应发生率显著低于对照组,观察组的术后阴道出血时间显著短于对照组,观察组术后阴道出血量显著低于对照组,P0.05。结论在药流终止妊娠患者的护理过程中,人性化护理能够显著提高药流术的效果,并对术后不良反应和阴道出血量、出血时间进行干预,值得推广应用。     

80例乳腺癌术后化疗致白细胞降低的护理措施及效果探究

目的分析乳腺癌术后化疗致白细胞降低的护理措施及效果。方法研究对象为佛山市第一人民医院2015年7月至2016年9月随机选取的80例乳腺癌术后化疗致白细胞降低的患者,研究对象分为对照组、观察组,每组纳入40例患者。对照组行常规性护理,观察组在常规性护理基础上行综合护理干预,总结归纳两组患者的护理效果。结果经综合护理干预,观察组护理效果更接近预设值,与对照组相比,护理有效率、护理满意度、感染发生率更为理想,存在统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对乳腺癌术后化疗致白细胞降低患者采取适宜的护理措施可降低并发症的发生率,增加化疗期间白细胞数量,进而改善患者预后,应用价值较高。     

干预目标管理对预防妇产科术后感染的作用

目的探讨干预目标管理对预防剖宫产患者术后感染的作用。方法选取2013年1月至2014年12月中山市民众医院收治的600例剖宫产患者,根据患者入院时间将其分为两组。对照组实施常规性护理,观察组实施护理目标管理,对比两组护理效果。结果观察组护理质量评分、家属满意率显著高于对照组(P0.05)。观察组术后感染发生率、术后各项康复时间均显著少于或短于对照组(P0.05)。结论干预目标管理能有效预防剖宫产患者术后感染。     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。