Ce1+εFe4B4合金一维无公度调制结构的透射电子显微镜研究

用电子衍射和高分辨电子显微术研究了永磁合金Ce₁₅Fe(77)B₀中富硼相Ce_1+εFe₄B₄(ε≈0.1)的晶体结构,确定了Ce_1+εFe₄B₄合金具有烟囱-梯子型一维无公度调制结构,它由Ce原子和Fe-B原子团分别组成的两套亚结构相互嵌套形成。Ce亚结构晶胞参数为a=7.08?,c_Ce=3.51—3.60? 关键词：     

黄河矿的电子显微镜研究

黄河矿(BaCe(CO₃)₂F)是在我国发现的一种含钡-铈的氟碳酸盐新矿物,电子衍射方法测得晶体的六角晶胞参数α=5.07?,c=38.6?,后者比过去用X射线衍射方法所得结果大一倍,黄河矿是由轻重相差悬殊的原子组成的,文章讨论了用电子衍射方法研究这类矿物晶体结构的优越性。用晶格象方法观察到晶体结构沿c方向的堆垛层错,本文提出了形成这种层错的可能原因。 关键词：     

氟碳铈钡矿的电子衍射和晶格象研究

氟碳铈钡矿Ce₂Ba₃(CO₃)₅F₂是在我国发现的新矿物,其电子衍射斑点按强度可分为两大类:较强的一类是晶体亚结构的贡献;其余衍射斑点是超结构的贡献。晶体的亚结构与黄河矿的相类似,可以划出一个六角的亚晶胞。亚晶胞参数为a₀=5.06?,c₀=9.63?。超结构属单斜晶系,晶胞参数为a=21.2?,b=5.06?,c=13.1?,β=95°。晶体属空间群C2/m、Cm或C2,亚结构与超结构的基矢有如下关系:该矿h00系统衍射形成的晶格象中,常夹有间距较小的条纹,或宽的黑带。本文对此进行了讨论,也讨论了该矿是否会有更大周期的超结构问题。 关键词：     

一维无公度体系的电子谱和迁移率边

本文详细地计算了对角元为1.9[cos(0.7n)+1/3cos(1.4n)]、非对角H_n,n+1=H_n,n-1=1的一维无公度模型的电子态密度,用自能收敛性判据确定出迁移率边的精确位置,讨论了电子谱与迁移率边的自相似性。 关键词：     

Ni-Zr非晶合金晶化的透射电子显微镜研究(Ⅰ) ——Ni67Zr33晶化过程中的亚稳相

利用透射电子显微镜对Ni₆₇Zr₃₃非晶合金晶化的研究发现了两个新的亚稳相T₀与T₁0。其中T₁相为体心正交(准四方〕晶体,点阵常数a≌b=0.89nm,c=3.14nm,空间群为Iba2或Ibam。温度升高,T₁相转变为含有大量错排的A心正交Ni₁₀Zr₂相,用1/2(a+b)位移错排模型可以圆满地解释其电子衍射图中仅h+k为奇数的衍射斑沿c^*方向拉长的现象,晶化稳定相为Ni₁₀Zr,与Ni₂₁Zr₈(Ni₅Zr₂)相。 关键词：     

非晶合金Pd80Si20晶化过程中的亚稳相

利用电子显微镜中的倾转晶体法确定了三个晶化相。亚稳相P₁具有简单正交点阵,点阵常数a=0.46,b=1.37,c=1.69nm,可能的空间群为P_nmm:或P_(nm21)。P₁相可用来解释Masumoto等人及Duhaj等人的电子衍射图。另一亚稳相F具有面心正交点阵,其a,b值与P₁相同,c=1.46nm。高温晶化相P₂具有简单正交点阵,点阵常数a=0.3 关键词：     

用会聚束电子衍射测定LiZnTa3O9,LiCaTa3O9的对称性

本文用会聚束电子衍射方法测定了我们生长的新晶体LiZnTa₃O₉和LiCaTa₃O₉的对称性,得出LiZnTa₃O₉晶体属三方晶系,点阵参数a=0.557nm,a=56.12°,点群为3m,空间群为R3c。LiCaTa₃O₉晶体属四方晶系,点阵参数a=0.778nm,c=0.783nm,点群为4/mmm。 关键词：     

黄河矿超结构的测定

黄河矿是在我国发现的一种钡铈氟碳酸盐新矿物,其理想化学式为BaCe[Fl(CO₃)₂],本矿物属三方晶系,利用四圆衍射仪收集强度数据,测得α=b=5.070(±0.003)?,c=38.408(±0.005)?,空间群为R3m. z=6,本文在前人工作的基础上,对该矿物进行了较为精确的测定,最后的偏离因子R=0.041。本文还对黄河矿赝结构及超结构的关系作了探讨,与前人工作进行了对比,对类似矿物的修正方案提出看法,对个别实验数据作了讨论。 关键词：     

Li2K(IO3)3与Li2NH4(IO3)3的晶体结构

本文用X射线粉末法测定了Li₂K(IO₃)₃与Li₂NH₄(IO₃)₃的晶体结构和原子参数。发现Li₃K(IO₃)₃,Li₂NH₄(IO₃)₃与Li₂Rb(IO₃)₃同晶型,属单斜晶系,空间群为P2₁/α,每个单胞含有四个化合式量。室温的点阵常数分别为α=11.198?,b=11.046?,c=8.254?,β=111.53°,及α=11.327?,b=11.078?,c=8.341?,β=111.87°。讨论了二元化合物的形成与离子半径的关系。 关键词：     

R1+εFe4B4化合物中游标卡尺结构对称性表示的两种途径

本文从R_1+εFe₄B₄(ε=0.1)的两个亚结构各自的对称性出发,由两种途径对该化合物的游标卡尺结构对称性进行了描述。结果表明:通过建立公度的长周期超结构模型,可以恢复R_p(Fe₄B₄)_q三维空间对称性,并和p,q的奇偶性组合有关。在p,q同为奇数,p为偶数而q为奇数和p为奇数而q为偶数的情况下,其对称性分别由P4₂/n,Pccn 关键词：     

Incommensurate antiferromagnetic structures in NdIn3

Among the AuCu₃-type RIn₃ series where R is a rare earth, the NdIn₃ compound presents a complex magnetic phase diagram. In this compound, which orders antiferromagnetically at T_N = 5.9 K, three magnetic phases are separated by two sharp first-order transitions. The phase diagrams, determined for the main crystallographic directions, by magnetization measurements in fields up to 7 T show a strong dependence of the transition temperatures. In order to determine the actual magnetic structures in NdIn₃, a neutron diffraction experiment has been performed on a single crystal under magnetic field. It shows that the magnetic structures are collinear (single q) with the magnetic moments aligned along the fourfold axis. They clearly evidence the existence of two incommensurate phases with q = (1/2, 1/2, τ): for T_N T 5.5 K, τ₁ ≈ 0.037 2π/a and the structure is sine-wave modulated, for 5.5 K > T > 4.7 K, τ₂ = 0.017 2π/a and the structure squares up. Below 4.7 K the q = (1/2, 1/2, 0) commensurate structure is stabilized.     

Re-entrant ferrimagnetism in TbMn6Ge6

The magnetic ordering of the hexagonal compound TbMn₆Ge₆ has been studied by neutron diffraction at various temperatures between 1.8 and 500 K. In almost the whole magnetically ordered regime the magnetic structures are incommensurate with the crystal lattice. The corresponding wave vector q₁ = (0,0,q_z) is strongly temperature dependent and decreases from q_z = 0.1307 r.l.u. at 1.8 K to q_z = 0.091 r.l.u. at 410 K. The low-temperature range (T < 85 K) is characterised by a triple ferrimagnetic spiral structure with net moment along the c-direction. At T_t = 85 K the net moment disappears and the magnetic ordering changes into a flat spiral structure that probably persists up to the magnetic ordering temperature, T_N = 450 K. Before reaching the magnetic ordering temperature, however, an additional ferrimagnetic component perpendicular to the c-direction develops, marking the onset of re-entrant ferrimagnetism. The resulting structure described by two propagation vectors corresponds to a distorted spiral. Various models are discussed. The observed re-entrant ferrimagnetism is in agreement with results of previously reported magnetic measurements.     

Incommensurate magnetic structure of CeSi as observed by neutron diffraction

The magnetic ordering of the orthorhombic compound CeSi (Pama space group, FeB type of structure, Z = 4) T_n = 5.6 K was investigated by means of powder neutron diffraction in the temperatures 1.5 and 10 K. Our results show that the magnetic ordering is associated with a three dimensionally amplitude-modulated phase which is incommensurate with the crystal lattice with wave vector q = (q_χ,q_y,q_z). The ordered Ce³⁺ moments are confined to the plane (a,b) at an angle of 16.7° with the b direction. It follows from the present data analysis that the dominant wave vector component is q_z, which approximately corresponds to a transversal modulation, however the incommensurateness involves also the q_x and q_y components. The amplitude of the sine wave is μ⁰_j = 1.667μ_B at 1.5 K which corresponds to quite a reduced ordered moment value compared to the Ce³⁺ free ion value gJ = 2.14μ_B.     

An electron diffraction study of the misfit layer compound (NdS)nNbS2

Misfit layer compounds of the type (NdS)_nNbS₂ have been made by iodine vapour transport. They have been characterised by energy dispersive X-ray analysis, transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. An orthorhombic form with Am2m symmetry has been observed. The unit cell contains two layers of NdS and two layers of NbS₂. The layers have rectangular symmetry and are stacked alternately with their planes perpendicular to the c-axis. A curious feature of the structure is that the layers have a common b unit cell parameter but the a values, which depend on the metal element in a given layer, are incommensurate. The lattice parameters for the material are a = 0.5625 nm for the NdS layer, a = 0.331 nm for the NbS₂ layer, b = 0.5733 nm and c = 2.266 nm. The symmetry of the material observed in the present work is Am2m which differs from the Fm2m reported by others. It is argued that the lower symmetry occurs because of a displacement of Nb atoms in one of the layers in the unit cell. A comparison between calculated and observed electron diffraction patterns and energy arguments are used to support the proposed explanation.     

(+)-氧-乙基-氧-苯基硫代磷酸奎宁盐的晶体结构和绝对构型

(+)-氧-乙基-氧-苯基硫代磷酸奎宁盐右旋光学异构体的晶体属正交晶系,空间群为D₂⁴-P2₁ 2₁ 2₁,晶胞参数为α=29.007(7)?,b=14.089(4)?,c=6.589(3)?,晶胞内分子数z=4。X射线衍射强度数据由PW-1100四圆衍射仪收集,采用CuK_α辐射,独立衍射点2818个,可观察点2463个,用直接法(MULTAN-78)获得晶体结构,经全矩阵最 关键词：     

Structural and transport properties of the triple-layer compounds Ba4(Pb1−xBix)3O10 (0≤ x<0.3)

A series of new compounds Ba₄(Pb_1−xBi_x)₃O₁₀ with 0≤x<0.3 has been prepared and characterized by X-ray and electron diffraction. The d.c. resistivity vs. temperature data for different x values are presented and structural features are compared to those of the superconducting phase Ba(Pb_1−xBi_x)O₃. The “mother-compound” Ba₄Pb₃O₁₀ is tetragonal, with lattice constants A=0.4280(1) and C=3.017(1) nm. Its structure can be regarded as a stacking of Ba(PbBi)O₃ triple-layers, separated by single BaO layers. Electron diffraction reveals the presence of a weak superstructure with the a-axis related to that of the perovskite by a=√2a_p. Frequent intergrowth of this phase with the perovskite structure is observed. The conductivity of the samples Ba₄Pb₃O₁₀ is nearly independent of temperature, while Bi-doped samples exhibit semiconductor-like behaviour at low temperature. No superconducting transition is observed down to 2K.     

基于导模共振效应提高石墨烯表面等离子体的局域特性

本文构建了一种包含石墨烯和亚波长光栅的复合结构, 借助衍射光栅的导模共振效应, 在石墨烯表面激发高局域性表面等离子体激元, 研究了石墨烯与光栅结构对表面等离子体激元局域特性的影响规律, 并借助基于有限元法的COMSOL软件, 分析了缓冲层厚度、光栅周期、载流子迁移率和费米能级对石墨烯的表面电场、品质因子Q和有效模式面积S_eff的影响. 结果表明, 石墨烯表面等离子体激元的局域性在特定的参数点获得显著提高: 当μ = 0.7 m²/(V·s)时, 品质因子达到最大值Q_max = 1793; 当p = 235 nm或E_F = 0.72 eV时, 表面电场达到了入射光的3000倍以上. 强烈的局域性导致强烈 的光-物质相互作用, 因而本文提出的复合结构可实现高灵敏度传感器和高效率的非线性光学设备, 极大地扩展了石墨烯在纳米光学领域中的应用.     

Nd-Ba-Cu-O高温超导体的高分辨电子显微术研究

用电子衍射和高分辨电子显微术研究了Nd-Ba-Cu-O高温超导体,主相属正交晶系,具有畸变钙钛矿亚结构的三倍超结构,晶胞参数为a=3.84?,b=3.87?,c=11.7?,样品中存在大量的缺陷,用点阵象技术观察到刃位错,反向畴,并借助结构象确定了NdBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ的结构模型。在不同成象条件下,高分辨电子显微象上或者重原子为白点,或者氧原子为白点,当成象条件适当时,可以在象上区分氧原子和氧空位。 关键词：