双轴晶体光轴角的计算

通过坐标变换把折射率椭球方程x~2/n_1~2 y~2/n_2~2 z~2/n_3~2=1从主介电坐标系Oxyz转换到另一个新的坐标系Ox′y′z′中,这个新的坐标系Ox′y′z′可以通过将坐标系Oxyz绕原点旋转得到.只要使新的折射率椭球方程与x′y′平面的交线是一个圆,就可以确定z′轴就是晶体的光轴.由此得出了双轴晶体光轴角的计算公式.     

外场多光轴瞄准偏差测试的基准光轴建立方法

提出一种针对外场真实环境下可见光、激光和红外多光轴瞄准系统瞄准偏差测试的基准光轴建立方法.采用精密大地测距、测角技术获得观测仪器站址坐标、基准光轴方向和靶标中心位置,通过对标定靶标上的中心点作测距和测角观测,并对基准光轴方向大气折射和地球曲率引入的误差进行改正,获得基准光轴、激光和红外系统在靶标上的精确位置.理论分析和实际测试结果表明,该方法具有理论严密、测量准确度高、工程上易于实现的优点,在2 km范围内基准光轴误差小于4.5″,完全满足多光谱多光轴动态瞄准偏差测试中基准光轴准确度的要求.     

用布儒斯特角法同时测定单轴晶体的折射率和光轴方向

在理论上分析了光轴任意方向的单轴晶体的折射率．根据布儒斯特角原理,当线偏振光的电场矢量平行于入射面时,通过测出对样品三个表面的布儒斯特角,就能同时确定单轴晶体的折射率和光轴方向．并利用分光计,在光轴不确定的情况下,测定了方解石的两个主折射率和光轴方向．     

双轴晶体中平面波解在主轴坐标系下的表达

在双轴晶体中,除光轴方向外,沿任一方向只存在2个具有不同偏振方向的平面波解,每个解有各自的传播常数。运用拉格朗日乘数法并借助双轴晶体的折射率椭球的概念,在主轴坐标系下求出双轴晶体的平面波解,得到每个解的空间色散关系,并从所得平面波解出发讨论平面波沿光轴方向传输的情况。最后将所得的结果运用到单轴晶体中检验其正确性。     

一种用于跟踪高加速度目标的消旋瞄准系统

本文介绍一种用于跟踪高加速目标的消旋瞄准系统.在大中型经纬仪上一般需配置两维的目视瞄准系统.如果在目视瞄准系统中加入消象旋转棱镜,则配置一个瞄准系统就可解决两维方向上的瞄准观测任务,在使用和精度上都具有很大的经济效益.本文从光学系统中加入消旋棱镜入手,解决由此而带来的结构设计难点,分析光轴偏表达式,找出与其相关的因素,通过正确的装校调整,控制了允许的光轴偏,从而达到设计指标要求.     

利用可变光阑实现双轴晶体动态外锥折射

介绍了一种获得晶体动态外锥折射的方法.用全固态绿光激光器和双轴晶体kNbO_3,通过改变位于已消球差的双胶合透镜后表面处可变光阑的通光孔径,即改变入射光束的会聚角度,来实现入射光会聚角对外锥折射锥角的调制,由此得出双轴晶体kNbO_3外锥折射的锥角表达式.实验结果表明,周期性改变孔径光阑通光孔径的大小(入射光束的会聚角度)时,外锥折射锥角也同步地发生周期性的改变;外锥折射锥角等于入射于双轴晶体端面上的光线的会聚角.利用可变光阑可实现双轴晶体动态外锥折射并获得可控激光环,实验所测锥角角度与理论计算符合较好.     

外场多光轴平行性测试的光学系统设计

针对外场条件下因大气环境影响导致多光轴平行性误差的问题,设计了一种可见光、1.06μm激光及812μm的长波红外多光轴平行性测试的光学系统,系统采用卡塞格林系统为共光路并以可见光为基准光轴.卡塞格林系统的主次镜均采用双曲面校正球差及慧差,添加校正透镜减小了轴外像差.设计结果表明,该光学系统成像质量达到了衍射极限,在大气...     

双轴晶体中光的波面的形状

利用数学软件Mathematica 5.2的三维参数作图法,用计算机画出了双轴晶体中光的波面的立体形象,并说明了它的一些特征.     

基于双Wollaston棱镜的对称分束角偏光分束镜

给出了基于双Wollaston棱镜的对称分束角偏光分束镜的一种新的设计思想,即通过改变组成棱镜的三部分之一的晶体光轴的方向来实现出射光束的对称分束,并研究了晶体光轴的旋转角与棱镜的结构角以及光波长的关系。结果表明,这种设计不但能实现光束的对称分束,而且还具有良好的偏光性能。     

关于激光测距机光轴平行性校正方法的改进

对激光测距机传统的光轴校正方法进行了改进：通过光轴平行性偏差与偏心环（框）旋转角度之间的校正模型计算出偏心环（框）需要调整的角度值,利用光轴校正装置可实现激光测距机光轴的校正。校正方法可分为半自动校正和全自动校正两种方法：半自动校正方法采用在激光测距机双偏心结构上加刻度环,通过套筒旋转双偏心结构一定角度,实现对光轴进行调整;全自动校正方法采用步进电机带动双偏心结构旋转达到对光轴进行调整的目的。通过对某型激光测距机进行实验研究,实验结果表明,采用提出的方法进行光轴校正后光轴误差均在最大允许误差范围内(0.25mrad),该值满足实际要求。     

Design and analysis of the tunnel connecting the beamcorridor and the spectrum hall of the CSNS

There is a tunnel connecting the beamcorridor and the target station in the spectrum hall in the CSNS project. The length of the tunnel is about 20 m. The shielding design of the tunnel is very significant for the persons working in the spectrum hall because the tunnel is not covered by soil for shielding. In order to reduce the dose rate at the exit of the cable ducts, we use the ISIS construction, which is designed with four turnings, as a reference for the tunnel design. The thickness of the shielding is obtained by a simulation with the Monte Carlo Code FLUKA. The result is compared with the data obtained with Moyer Mode and the reliability of the simulation is proved. This paper provides the basis for the design of the tunnel.     

Design and analysis of the tunnel connecting the beamcorridor and the spectrum hall of the CSNS

There is a tunnel connecting the beamcorridor and the target station in the spectrum hall in the CSNS project.The length of the tunnel is about 20 m.The shielding design of the tunnel is very significant for the persons working in the spectrum hall because the tunnel is not covered ed soil for shielding.In order to reduce the dose rate at the exit of the cable ducts,we use the ISIS construction,which is designed with four turnings,as a reference for the tunnel design.The thickness of the shielding is obtained by a simulationwith the Monte Carlo Code FLUKA.The result is compared with the data obtained with Moyer Mode and the reliability of the simulation is proved.This paper provides the basis for the design of the tunnel.     

Application of the method of collective coordinates the the quantisation of the two-dimensional higgs model

A comprehensive analysis of the application of the method of collective coordinates to the two dimensional Higgs model is given. First the instanton solution is derived, and the geometry of configuration space, and the construction of Schrodinger wave functionals are discussed. It is then explicitly verified that the Goldstone mode is the projection of the vacuum state onto the generator of the broken symmetry. The elimination of this Goldstone mode by means of the unitary gauge condition is demonstrated to the the crucial point in the construction of a consistent perturbation procedure. The parameter of the broken symmetry group is then used as the collective coordinate for field configurations around a minimum of the interaction. Throughout, the discussion is sufficiently detailed in order to facilitate the application of the method to other fields.     

产生旁瓣的激光波前功率谱密度与焦斑性能分析

讨论了在放置与不放置焦斑形态控制器件 KPP的两种情况下 ,采用功率谱密度模拟分析有旁瓣焦斑的激光束波前分布的特点 ,并由此探讨高功率激光驱动器在无旁瓣的聚焦情形下 ,对入射到打靶透镜的激光束波前畸变量的控制要求。     

On the predictability of the positions of the convergence zones in the ocean

The disagreement between the experimental and calculated positions of the first convergence zone are known from many publications. The most probable cause for such a disagreement, namely, the incorrect specification of the input data for the calculations, is considered. The lack of simultaneity between the hydrological surveys of the region and the acoustic experiments is emphasized. The experimental data obtained by the author in five ocean regions are presented. These data characterize the diurnal variability of the distance from the source to the nearest boundary of the convergence zone. The relations proposed by different researchers for calculating the sound speed from the temperature, salinity, and hydrostatic pressure are analyzed. It is shown that these relations lead to a substantial difference in the estimated depth dependence of the hydrostatic gradient of the sound speed. The position of the first convergence zone is calculated for the propagation conditions determined by vertical temperature and salinity profiles with the subsequent recalculation of these profiles into sound speed profiles by using eight different formulas known from the literature. It is shown that different formulas lead to different values of the distance to the first zone; this difference is substantially greater than that between the calculations and experiment. The necessity of improving the recalculation relations in view of the experimental data on sound propagation in natural oceanic waveguides, including the data on the actual positions of the convergence zones, is emphasized.     

产生旁瓣的激光波前功率谱密度与焦斑性能分析

 讨论了在放置与不放置焦斑形态控制器件KPP的两种情况下,采用功率谱密度模拟分析有旁瓣焦斑的激光束波前分布的特点,并由此探讨高功率激光驱动器在无旁瓣的聚焦情形下,对入射到打靶透镜的激光束波前畸变量的控制要求。     

Dependence of the anomalous fading of the TL and blue-OSL of fluorapatite on the occupancy of the tunnelling recombination sites

The anomalous fading (AF) of thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signals in Durango apatite is attributed to tunnelling effects. Electrons from the TL and OSL traps in this material are transferred, via a tunnelling effect, to the recombination sites. The availability of recombination sites for tunnelled electrons is of major importance for the degree of AF rate observed in this material. It is expected that a variation of the number of the electron recombination sites will be reflected in the experimentally measured AF rate. In the present work an investigation of the recombination sites for the tunnelled electrons is attempted by studying the AF effect using a special technique, in which the anomalously faded TL (OSL) is replaced by an equal amount of TL (OSL) induced by a beta dose.     

光路分析在分光计调整中的作用

从光路的角度上分析了分光计反射绿十字的高度问题,在此基础上介绍快速调节分光计方法。并讨论了望远镜垂直仪器中心轴这一困难步骤的粗调问题,最后总结了该实验的一些注意事项。     

轴对称流场干涉条纹折射率的模拟计算

提出一种获取流场干涉条纹折射率分布的新方法。该方法首先采用不等间隔的环带分割轴对称流场,使折射率变化大的地方获得的数据点密,然后通过对Abel变换进行离散数值计算来获取流场的折射率分布。通过模拟轴对称流场的实时全息干涉条纹证明了该方法不仅简单易行,而且所获取的折射率分布精度高。