L壳层双洞态氩离子的退激发及末电离态分布的研究

基于洞原子退激发的辐射-俄歇级联退激发模型(radiative-Auger cascade model简称RAC模型),本文详细研究了Ar2 (2s-2)、Ar2 (2s-12p-1)和Ar2 (2p-2)三种离子的退激发过程及其末电离态离子分布,讨论了末电离态离子分布随初态洞的深浅变化的规律.结果表明:随着初态洞分布的变浅,退激发过程变简单,退激发后产生的高离化度离子分布降低,低离化度离子分布增大.     

Ar辅助确定Al等离子体电子温度

用Ar气作保护气时 ,Nd :YAG脉冲激光烧蚀Al靶 ,将诱发Ar气电离 ,并产生丰富的Ar离子谱线辐射。文章根据Ar离子谱线辐射信息 ,分析了ArⅡ 385 0 5 7,ArⅡ 386 85 3,ArⅡ 4 0 4 2 91 ,ArⅡ 4 0 7 2 0 1nm等 4条谱线的时间分辨行为 ,计算了Al等离子体的电子温度。结果发现 :Al等离子体的电子温度约 1 5 0 0 0～2 2 0 0 0K ,随延迟时间的增加 ,电子温度单调衰减     

Ar16+和Ar17+离子与Zr作用产生的X射线谱

将超导离子源提供的10-20keV/q Ar16 和Ar17 离子入射到Zr金属表面,在相互作用中产生的X射线谱表明,高电荷态Ar16 离子在金属表面中性化过程中有可能存在多电子激发,使Ar16 的K壳层电子被激发形成空穴,在退激过程中发射特征Kα-X射线.空心原子Ar的K层发射X射线强度随入射离子的动能而减弱,靶原子Zr的L壳层发射X射线强度随入射离子动能的增加而增强.Ar17 的单离子的Kα-X射线产额比Ar16 单离子的Kα-X射线产额大5个数量级.     

Cs(8S -4F)-Ar，H2的碰撞能量转移

利用脉冲激光器双光子激发Cs-H2（或Ar）样品池中的Cs原子至8S态,研究了Cs(8S)+M→Cs(4F)+M ,(M= H2,Ar)碰撞能量转移和Cs(4F)+H2→CsH+H反应过程,建立了二能级模型的速率方程组。在不同的Ar密度下测量直接8S→6P与敏化4F→5D积分荧光强度比,得到8S→4F转移速率系数5.3×10-12cm3s-1和4F态的猝灭速率系数4.4×10-13cm3s-1。用相同的方法测得Cs－H2中8S→4F的转移速率系数为1.0×10-9cm3s-1,而4F态的猝灭速率系数1.3×10-10cm3s-1比Cs－Ar中大得多,它是反应与非反应速率系数之和。利用实验数据确定非反应速率系数为8.3×10-11cm3s-1,得出Cs（4F）与H2的反应截面为(2.0±0.8)×10-16cm3s-1。与已有的其它实验结果比较,Cs各激发态与H2的反应活动性顺序为7P>4F>6D>8S。     

Paul阱中基态低能多离化Fen+(n=1-3)离子的存储及反应特性

利用垂直交叉的激光束在Paul阱中溅射固体铸铁(FeC)靶,产生了低能多电荷铁离子Fen+(n=1-3),得到了Fe3+离子在本底气压为3.0×10-7Pa下的衰减速率(0.96s-1)以及在1.3×10-5Pa下和中性气体分子N2的反应产物.     

类氢He+、Li2+离子的电子碰撞强度的R矩阵计算

利用R矩阵方法计算了电子与He+离子碰撞的1s-2s和1s-2p跃迁的碰撞强度,结果表明包括10个靶态的计算可以得到精确的类氢离子的n=1→n=2各能级跃迁的碰撞强度,并首次利用R矩阵方法计算了电子与Li2+离子碰撞的1s-2s和1s-2p跃迁的碰撞强度.     

重离子冷却储存环CSRm双电子复合实验研究类锂36,40Ar15+离子同位素移动

配备电子冷却装置的重离子储存环为开展高电荷态离子的双电子复合（dielectronic recombination,DR）精密谱学研究提供了绝佳的实验平台。本工作在兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环主环（HIRFL-CSRm）上开展了类锂36,40Ar15+离子的双电子复合实验,实验观测了电子-离子质心系能量范围为0~35 eV的双电子复合速率系数谱。通过外推法获得了36,40Ar15+离子2s_1/2→2p_1/2和2s_1/2→2p_3/2的跃迁能量。同时利用GRASP2K程序理论计算了36,40Ar15+离子2s_1/2→2p_1/2和2s_1/2→2p_3/2跃迁的质量移动因子和场移动因子,进而得到双电子复合谱的同位素移动值。36,40Ar15+离子2s_1/2→2p_1/2和2s_1/2→2p_3/2同位素移动分别为0.861 meV和0.868 meV。它们均小于目前CSRm上双电子复合实验的实验分辨为~10 meV,进而解释了实验测量的DR谱上未能观察到同位素移动的原因。然而,高电荷态离子的同位素移动场效应与原子序数Z5成正比,因此,在重离子加速器冷却储存环实验环（HIRFL-CSRe）以及未来大型加速器--强流重离子加速器装置（HIAF）上有望通过DR精密谱学方法研究高电荷态重离子甚至放射性离子的同位素移动,进而获得相关原子核的核电荷半径等信息。The cooler storage ring is equipped with an electron-cooler. It is an excellent experimental platform for dielectronic recombination (DR) experiment of highly-charged ions. In this paper, the dielectronic recombination experiments of lithium-like Ar15+ ions with mass number 36 and 40 are conducted at the HIRFL-CSRm(main ring of the Cooling Storage Ring of Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou). The experimental electron-ion collision energy scale is from 0 eV to 35 eV. Extrapolation method is exploited to obtain the excitation energies of transitions 2s_1/2→2p_1/2 and 2s_1/2→2p_3/2 of the 36,40Ar15+ ions from experimental data. Meanwhile, GRASP2K program is utilized to calculate the mass shift factors and field shift factors of 36,40Ar15+ ions for 2s_1/2→2p_1/2 and 2s_1/2→2p_3/2 transitions to obtain isotope shifts in DR spectra. In theoretical calculation, isotope shifts of 36,40Ar15+ ions corresponding to 2s_1/2→2p_1/2 and 2s_1/2→2p_3/2 are 0.861 meV and 0.868 meV, respectively. They are both less than the experimental precision (~10 meV) of these dielectronic recombination experiments at the CSRm, which explains that isotope shifts cannot be distinguished from the experimental dielectronic recombination spectra. However, the field shift of highly-charged ions is proportional to Z5. In the future, the dielectronic recombination experiments of highly-charged heavy ions even radioactive ions will be conducted at the HIRFL-CSRe (experimental ring of the Cooling Storage Ring of Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou) and the future large accelerator facility--HIAF(High intensity Heavy-ion Accelerator Facility) to measure isotope shifts to obtain the nuclear charge radius information.     

Ar离子辐照非晶态合金引起的尺寸变化

利用兰州重离子加速器(HIRFL)提供的2.79MeV/u Ar离子,在50K以下的低温辐照了Fe₄₇Ni₂₉V₂Si₆B₁₆等4种非晶态合金样品,室温下使用光学显微镜对辐照前、后的同一样品拍照,对比测量了样品的宏观尺寸. 结果表明:在辐照剂量为1.5×10¹⁴离子/cm²时,非晶态合金形变不明显,测量到的样品宽度相对增长Δb/b₀均小于1.0%;当辐照剂量增加到1.6×10¹⁵离子/cm²时,所有非晶态合金样品都发生了显著的形变,其宽度相对增长分布在4.3%—12.0%之间,对此结果进行了定性的分析.     

空心原子的K-x射线谱

报道了利用兰州重离子加速器国家实验室ECR离子源首次引出的全裸Ar离子和类氢、类氦、类锂Ar离子与Be固体表面相互作用形成的空心原子x射线实验测量结果.结果发现，同样条件下，由于K壳层电子的剥离，Ar的K-x射线单离子发射产额增加了5个量级，约为36×10-3每原子；而当L壳层存在电子时，Ar的K-x射线几乎观测不到. 关键词： 高电荷态离子 空心原子 x射线 单离子产额     

离子辐照石墨生成的纳米尺寸Ar泡

用60keV的Ni⁺和Ar⁺在相同实验条件下,先后分别辐照同一块石墨靶,剂量均为10¹⁸/cm².带能量色散X射线分析和电子衍射分析的高分辨透射电子显微镜观察和分析发现,尺寸不同的纳米Ar泡嵌在类玻璃碳薄片中,部分泡内的Ar可能已形成固体结构.     

Axial resonances of Ar + ions observed in a linear Paul trap

Non-neutral plasmas composed of 10⁶ to 10⁷ Ar⁺ ions were confined in a linear Paul trap which had a non-harmonic electrostatic potential in axial direction. Axial resonances were observed by applying additional RF electric field and detecting axially ejected ions. It was found that the resonance frequencies shifted as a function of the ion number, the amplitude of additional RF electric field, and the applied electrostatic potential for the axial confinement.      

从环境样品中分离氩气和氪气用于放射性惰性气体探测

放射性惰性气体同位素⁸⁵Kr(半衰期为10.8年)、³⁹Ar(半衰期为269年)和⁸¹Kr(半衰期为22.9万年)是理想的环境示踪剂,基于激光技术的原子阱痕量分析方法(Atom trap trace analysis, ATTA)可以实现对空气、地下水等环境样品中这几种同位素的有效探测. 在进行ATTA测量之前,需要将样品中的氪气和氩气有效分离出来. 利用低温蒸馏、海绵钛化学吸附和气相色谱分离等技术,可以从1~10 L气体样品中分别提取出90%以上的氪气和98%以上的氩气,从而满足ATTA测量的样品要求. 通过对包括两个野外地下水样品等一系列样品进行分离实验,验证了气体分离装置的可靠性能.     

Zum Kernphotoeffekt am Ar40 und Ar38

Liquid Argon was irradiated with bremsstrahlung from 18 to 31 MeV endpoint energy in steps of 2 MeV. The yields of the reactions Ar⁴⁰(γ, n)+(γ, p) and Ar³⁸(γ, n) were measured by detecting the 269a and the 35d rest activity with a low-level-counter. Cross section curves for the (γ, n)-processes could be found from the yield values, and they allowed together withσ _N, σ(γ, p) andσ(γ, np) a determination ofσ(γ, 2n) and σ_γabs for Ar⁴⁰. The integrated cross section forσ(γ, n) from threshold to 33 MeV yields (200±40) MeVmb for Ar⁴⁰ and (210±40) MeVmb for Ar³⁸, the corresponding value for σ_γabs being (450±60) MeVmb for Ar⁴⁰.     

The Ar(p, d)Ar reaction

The ³He spin analysing power of hydrogen (protons) has been measured at a c.m. energy of 20 MeV at 14 c.m. angles from 40° to 160°. The measurement of ³He target polarization was calibrated by measuring the ³He spin analysing power of ⁴He at an energy and angle where it was ?1.00. The proton-³He differential elastic scattering cross section is also reported at a c.m. energy of 20.0 MeV for 36 c.m. angles from 20° to 170°.     

Metastable Decomposition of Ar3+ Cluster Ions Into Ar2+ and Ar+

In this note we present the first account of a study of metastable (unimolecular decay) and collision-induced dissociation of Ar₃+ cluster ions using an experimental setup consisting of a molecular beam-electron impact ion source and a double focussing (reversed Nier Johnson geometry) mass spectrometer. The existence of the following metastable decay processes (accessible by our sampling time window) could be demonstrated: Ar₃⁺* → Ar₂+ and Ar₃⁺* → Ar⁺. The processes were studied as a function of electron impact energy. The present results are of importance in order to provide some guidance for the development of appropriate theoretical models for the dissociation of cluster ions.     

Observation of transitions involving core-excited states in Ar III and Ar IV and high-lying singly excited states in Ar I–Ar IV

In this paper we present a comprehensive analysis of beam-foil and beam-gas excited spectrum of argon observed in small wavelength region, 2965–3090 Å, using Ar^+/2+ ions in the energy range 200–650 keV. The comparison of beam-foil spectrum (BFS) at different incident beam energy and with that of beam-gas spectrum (BGS), one can find solution for blending problem in beam-foil spectroscopy. Many new transitions were identified on the basis of calculated wavelength from the accurately known energy levels of Ar I, Ar II, Ar III and Ar V. The transitions of Ar I originate from highly excited states (10p to 17p and 10f to 17f). Based on TOPbase estimates using close-coupling approximation five transitions involving core-excited states and nine transitions originating from highly excited states in the spectrum of Ar III and Ar IV were also identified. Radiative life time of two core excited quintet states (3s3p⁴(⁴P)6d ⁵D and 3s3p⁴(⁴P)8f⁵F^o) of Ar III were measured and found to be in ‘good’ agreement with that of the calculated value using close-coupling approximation.     

低能Ar3+ + Ar碰撞反应过程实验研究

测量了入射离子能量为27 keV、45 keV和66 keV时Ar3 Ar碰撞反应各子过程的分截面,通过将其归一化到Bliman,Dousson等人所测量的截面值,获得了绝对截面.结果表明,该能区电子俘获过程仍占主导地位,但转移电离过程已不能忽略.结果还表明,各子过程反应截面基本不随能量变化.与考虑自电离的MCBM(Molecular Coulombic overBarrier Model)模型比较发现,模型所给截面普遍高于实验测量值,这在一定程度上是由于归一化时带来的系统误差.在误差允许的范围内,单电子和双电子俘获截面符合的比较好,但三电子俘获截面却相差一个数量级.对于实验观测到的转移电离过程,模型却预言并没有此过程发生.     

Simultaneous trapping and guiding of cold ions and electrons without externally applied fields

A new “external fields-free” trap capable of traping simultaneously cold paramagnetic positive and negative ions as well as electrons is proposed. Particles exhibit Zeeman repulsion from a periodically magnetized ferromagnetic film but are attracted to the same film due to the interaction with their own electrostatic image. It is shown that few millikelvin deep trapping can be realized with such an approach. Perspectives of using these traps as a quantum computer hardware and for the Wigner crystallization experiments are briefly discussed.