质子、α粒子在水中的径迹结构

简述了一个模拟质子、α粒子的蒙特卡罗径迹结构模型，考虑了质子、α粒子在水中输运时的电离、激发等非弹性散射机制，模拟计算了质子、α粒子在水蒸气(密度为1g／cm^3)中的径迹，质子、α粒子的能量范围为0．3—5MeV／u．考虑了产生的大量低能电子(能量下限为1eV)在水介质中的输运．计算得到的射程、径向剂量等参数，与实验数据符合得较好．     

高密度B炸药的燃烧转爆轰实验

在相同的实验条件下研究了3种不同密度固体压装B炸药（TNT，RDX为40／60）的燃烧转爆轰性能。3种B炸药的密度分别为1．597，1．654g／cm^3与1．681g／cm^3。用时间间隔记录仪、电离式电探针系统记录燃烧波、压缩波或爆轰波到达的时间；用程控电荷放大器、数字示波器及压力传感器记录DDT管不同位置处的压力历程。起爆器、时间间隔记录仪及示波器均由同步机触发。DDT管材料为45号钢，内径φ20mm，外径φ64mm，长度500mm；点火药为小粒黑，质量1．1～1．2g；所使用的电探针为同轴电探针（芯线为0．9mm的铜漆包线，     

超高密度信息存储／分子存储及其存储机理

在有机功能纳米薄膜上通过扫描隧道显微技术实现了超高密度的信号存储,存储点的大小在1．3nm左右,存储点间距为1．5nm,相应的存储密度为10^13bits/cm^2,实验与理论计算的结果表明,其存储机理是薄膜的导电性质的变化。     

声悬浮研究新进展

建立了单轴式声悬浮的参数化模型和边界元算法，对单轴式声悬浮进行了优化设计，可以悬浮起密度高达18．9g/cm^3的金属钨。研究了声悬浮条件下非金属材料和低熔点金属的无容器处理。     

非晶金刚石薄膜的X射线反射研究

利用过滤阴极真空电弧系统制备了不同衬底偏压下非晶金刚石薄膜,分别采用X射线反射法测定了相应的非晶金刚石膜密度,分析了薄膜密度与沉积能量之间的变化规律．建立了薄膜密度随衬底偏压的变化曲线。研究发现在-80V时非晶金刚石膜密度存在最大值3．26g／cm^2,随着偏压的增大和减小,薄膜的密度都相应的下降;当衬底偏压加到-2000V时,密度减小到2．63g／cm^2,相对于密度的最大值变化较小。通过薄膜sp^3能态杂化含量与密度的简单比例关系,近似推算出非晶金刚石膜中sp^3能态的含量最高可达80％以上。     

DTA模型计算高温氟化钠等离子体的辐射不透明度

使用细致谱项模型(detailed term accounting，DTA)计算了局域热动平衡(local thermodynamic equilibrium，LTE)近似下氟化钠等离子体密度为0．01g／cm^3的等密度系列的谱分辨不透明度以及Rosseland和Planck平均不透明度，分析了钠和氟离子L→M跃迁对不透明度的贡献以及温度的升高对于两种元素的L→M跃迁吸收峰的影响。     

氘、氦及其混合物状态方程第一原理研究

利用量子分子动力学方法对氘、氦及其混合物的状态方程进行了研究. 计算了氦在密度0.32-5 g/cm³, 温度1000-50000 K范围内的状态方程, 并与化学模型的结果进行了比较; 同时计算了冲击Hugoniot曲线, 与气炮实验的结果符合得很好. 通过计算对分布函数及态密度, 探讨了氦在高温高压下发生金属-绝缘体转变的机理. 计算了氘在密度0.19-0.84 g/cm³, 温度20-50000 K范围内的状态方程; 并计算了理论Hugoniot状态, 由于没有考虑原子的零点运动, 在低温区, 理论结果比实验值小. 对氘氦混合物的状态方程进行了研究, 计算了温度和密度区间为100-50000 K, 0.19-0.84 g/cm³, 不同混合度下的293个状态点的状态方程. 对线性混合近似进行了考查, 结果表明线性混合近似是一个粗略的近似.     

掺镁铌酸锂晶体的缺陷结构及其结晶化学分析

根据铌酸锂晶体本征缺陷的Ｌｉ空位模型，提出了掺镁铌酸锂晶体的缺陷结构模型；计算出了掺镁铌酸锂晶体中Ｌｉ_２Ｏ，Ｎｂ_２Ｏ₅的含量、［Ｌｉ］／［Ｎｂ］比以及晶体的密度随掺镁浓度的变化关系．计算结果与文献中报道的实验结果相符合 关键词：     

一种以RDX为主炸药的低密度炸药

低密度炸药的特点就是密度低(一般都在0．08～0．8g／cm^3之间)，其爆速、爆压及威力均较低，有粉状、塑性、挠性和硬质等四种物理状态的制品。民用上广泛用于采矿及金属爆炸加工，军事上主要用于子母弹中心管抛撒药和其他抛撒器装药，也可用于装填普通水雷、浮雷和鱼雷等。研制这种炸药，一般可采取两种技术途径：(1)低密度泡沫炸药；(2)低密度塑料黏结炸药。低密度塑料黏结炸药具有成型工艺简单、操作安全，能在低比压下模压成型等优点，近几年已经做了大量的工作，已完成了以PETN为主炸药的JI-9016低密度炸药的研制，其密度为0．6g／cm^3，爆速为2390m/s，爆压为1．427MPa。     

温稠密铝等离子体物态方程及其电离平衡研究

温稠密物质的物性参数在惯性约束聚变能源、Z箍缩等高能量密度物理领域的实验结果分析和物理过程数值模拟等方面有着重要的应用价值.本文应用部分电离等离子体模型,在理想自由能的基础上考虑了库仑相互作用、排斥体积作用和极化作用等非理想特性,开展了温稠密等离子体物态方程和电离平衡的研究.计算了温稠密铝等离子体的压强等物态方程数据和在密度为1.0×10^-4-3.0 g/cm^3,温度为1.0×10^4-3.0×10^4 K范围内的粒子组分.计算结果显示,铝等离子体的平均电离度在临界密度区域内随着密度的增加而突然增大.根据非理想Saha方程中有效电离能这一关键参数,分析了铝等离子体平均电离度在临界密度区域内随密度迅速增大的现象.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.