Effect of ligand structure on synergism in Tb3+-aromatic acid complexes: fluorescence lifetime studies

The fluorescence of Tb3+ sensitized by aromatic carboxylic acid ligands (benzoic, monomethylphthalic, monomethylterephthalic, trimesic, terephthalic, isophthalic, phthalic and mellitic acids) and the synergism displayed by these complexes when treated with TOPO/Triton X-100 have been studied by measuring lifetimes of Tb3+ emission. The lifetime of Tb3+ fluorescence was not significantly altered following complex formation with aromatic carboxylic acids, even though a significant enhancement in the Tb3+ fluorescence intensity was observed in every single case. However, when these Tb3+-aromatic acid complexes were treated with TOPO/Triton X-100, the lifetimes of the Tb3+ fluorescence increased markedly, but only with certain acids. Interestingly, even amongst the acids that showed an increase in lifetime with TOPO/Triton X-100, the lifetimes as a function of the pH of the solution was strongly dependent on the structure of the ligand. These differences and the reasons for such behavior are discussed, which shed light on the role of the structure of the ligand on the synergism process.     

Eu~(3+)和Tb~(3+)冠醚配合物的合成、荧光性质及与DNA作用研究

合成了含联萘骨架的酰胺型开链冠醚配体及稀土苦味酸盐配合物RE(pic)3L[L=N,N-乙基,苯基-N’,N’-二苯基-1,1’-联萘-2,2’-二(氧杂乙酰胺),RE=Eu3+,Tb3+],通过元素分析、IR、TG-DTA和摩尔电导率对配合物进行组成和结构推测。荧光光谱表明:Eu3+配合物的荧光强度远大于Tb3+配合物,说明配体L的三重态能级与Eu3+的激发态能级匹配较好。通过光谱法和粘度法研究了配合物与DNA的作用方式为插入作用,求出了Eu3+,Tb3+配合物与DNA的结合常数分别为4.072×104L.mol-1,8.780×103L.mol-1,证明配合物与DNA的作用大小是Eu3+(pic)3LTb3+(pic)3L.     

Tb3+/Eu3+镧系金属有机框架材料在荧光检测的研究进展

镧系金属有机骨框架（Lanthanide metal organic frameworks,Ln-MOFs）是以镧系离子为中心,与配体有机物组合的多孔材料,具有良好的光学性质,在许多领域有广泛的应用。不同的镧系离子与相应的有机配体结合,可组成不同性能的Ln-MOFs。在众多镧系元素中,Tb3+和Eu3+是良好的发光中心,常被用于组建发光Ln-MOFs。由Tb3+/Eu3+与有机配体形成的Ln-MOFs具有独特的荧光特性、较大stokes位移以及长发光寿命等优点在荧光检测领域具有重要应用。本文综述了基于Tb3+/Eu3+的Ln-MOFs在离子检测、生物标志物检测以及小分子检测领域的研究进展,对Ln-MOFs的发展前景进行了展望。     

Rare earth complexes chemiluminescence catalyzed by gold nanoparticles for fast sensing of Tb3+ and Eu3+

Developing multiplex sensing technique is of great significance for fast sample analysis. However, the broad emissions of most chemiluminescence(CL) luminophores make the multiplex CL analysis be difficult. In this work, a simple and sensitive CL analytical method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of Tb³⁺and Eu³⁺thanking to their narrow band emission. The technique was based on a mixed CL system of periodate(IO₄^-)-hydrogen peroxide(...     

Oligomeric acetylacetonate complexes containing Tb3+ and Co2+ or Ni2+ ions

Molecular weight measurements and the visible absorption spectra of mixed solutions of Tb(aa)₃ 3H₂O and Co(aa)₂ in benzene indicate that these complexes interact to form mixed metal oligomeric species. The slow decrease in Tb³⁺ ion phosphorescence after mixing the individual solutions supports this interpretation. Similar investigations with Ni(aa)₂ also provide evidence for mixed metal oligomeric complexes. Crystalline compounds with analyses corresponding to the stoichiometries CoTb(aa)₅3H₂O and NiTb(aa)₅3H₂O have been isolated from benzene solution.     

KMgF3:Ce3+,Tb3+纳米粒子中Ce3+→Tb3+的发光及能量传递

利用微乳液方法,合成了铈、铽共掺杂的氟镁钾纳米粒子,研究了体系中Ce3+→Tb3+的发光特性以及它们之间的相互作用,结果表明KMgF3:Ce3+Tb3+纳米粒子中存在Ce3+→Tb3+的能量传递过程,即Ce3+可以将吸收的能量直接传递给Tb3+离子,使得Tb3+的绿色发光强度大为增加.     

Tb~(3+)在YAG中的发光及Tb~(3+)与Tm~(3 +)间的能量传递

采用溶胶 -凝胶方法合成了系列化合物 (Y1 -x- yTbxTmy) 3Al5O1 2 ,研究了Tb3+在该化合物中的发光及其浓度对发光性质的影响 ,以及Tb3+与Tm3+间的能量传递现象。     

铽含量对硫氧化钇纳米发光材料荧光性能的影响

用燃烧法制备了不同Tb3+掺杂量的Y2O2S:Tb3+纳米发光材料,同时用高温固相法制备了不同Tb3+掺杂量的Y2O2S:Tb3+体相材料,X射线晶体衍射结果表明,制备的纳米材料和体相材料均为单一的Y2O2S相.由Debye-Scherre公式估算得到纳米颗粒的平均粒径大约为10 nm.讨论了纳米材料和体相材料Y2O2S:Tb3+中Tb3+的掺杂浓度对荧光性能的影响.激发光谱表明纳米材料的基质吸收带与体相材料相比向高能端移动了6nm,应用久保理论对此进行了定性的解释.     

2,2'-bipyridine lariat calixcrowns: a new class of encapsulating ligands forming highly luminescent Eu3+ and Tb3+ complexes

A new class of calix[4]arene crown ethers with one or two bipyridines appended to the polyether ring (lariat calixcrowns) have been designed and synthesized; the luminescence properties of their Eu3+ and Tb3+ complexes have been studied in acetonitrile. In this solvent, long lifetimes for the metal emitting states and high metal-luminescence intensities obtained upon ligand excitation have been observed in both Eu3+ and Tb3+ complexes. The association constants in methanol have been determined for some of the complexes studied.     

Tunable luminescence and energy transfer process between Tb3+ and Eu3+ in GYAG:Bi3+, Tb3+, Eu3+ phosphors

A series of Eu³⁺ ions co-doped (Gd_0.9Y_0.1)₃Al₅O₁₂:Bi³⁺, Tb³⁺ (GYAG) phosphors have been synthesized by means of solvothermal reaction method. The XRD pattern of GYAG phosphor sintered at 1500 °C confirms their garnet phase. The luminescence properties of these phosphors have been explored by analyzing their excitation and emission spectra along with their decay curves. The excitation spectra of the GYAG:Bi³⁺, Tb³⁺, Eu³⁺ phosphors consists of broad bands in the shorter wavelength region due to 4f⁸ → 4f⁷5d¹ transition of Tb³⁺ ions overlapped with 6s² → 6s¹6p¹ (¹S₀ → ³P₁) transition of Bi³⁺ ions and the charge transfer band of Eu³⁺–O^2?. The present phosphors exhibit green and red colors due to ⁵D₄ → ⁷F₅ transition of Tb³⁺ ions and ⁵D₀ → ⁷F₁ transition of Eu³⁺ ions, respectively. The emission was shifted from green to red color by co-doping with Eu³⁺ ions, which indicate that the energy transfer probability from Tb³⁺ to Eu³⁺ ions are dependent strongly on the concentration of Eu³⁺ ions.     

Strong visible up-conversion emission in Tb3+, Tm3+ and Tb3+-Tm3+ co-doped tellurite glasses sensitized by Yb3+

Up-conversion luminescence characteristics under 975 nm excitation have been investigated with Tb3+/Tm3+/Yb3+ triply doped tellurite glasses. Here, green (547 nm: (5)D(4)-->(7)F(4)) and red (660 nm: (5)D(4)-->(7)F(2)) up-conversion (UC) luminescence originating from Tb3+ is observed strongly, because of the quadratic dependences of emission intensities on the excitation power. Especially, the UC luminescence was intensified violently with the energy transfer from the Tm3+ ions involves in the Tb3+ excitation. To the Tb3+/Tm3+/Yb3+ triply doped glass system, a novel up-conversion mechanism is proposed as follows: the energy of (3)G(4) level (Tm3+) was transferred to (5)D(4) (Tb(3+)) and the 477-nm UC luminescence of Tm3+ was nearly quenched.     

Photo-modulated wide-spectrum chromism in Eu3+ and Eu3+/Tb3+ photochromic coordination polymer gels: application in decoding secret information

Photo-switching emission of photochromic materials has paramount importance in the field of optoelectronics. Here, we report synthesis and characterization of a dithienylethene (DTE) based photochromic low molecular weight gelator (LMWG) and self-assembly with lanthanide (Eu³⁺ and Tb³⁺) ions to form a photochromic coordination polymer gel (pcCPG). Based on DTE ring opening and closing, the TPY-DTE gel shuttles from pale-yellow coloured TPY-DTE-O to dark blue coloured TPY-DTE-C and vice versa upon irradiating with UV and visible light, respectively, and both the photoisomers show distinct optical properties. Furthermore, integration of Eu³⁺ and Tb³⁺ lanthanides with TPY-DTE resulted in red and green emissive Eu-pcCPG (Q.Y. = 18.7% for the open state) and Tb-pcCPG (Q.Y. = 23.4% for the open state), respectively. The photoisomers of Eu-pcCPG exhibit photo-switchable spherical to fibrous reversible morphology transformation. Importantly, an excellent spectral overlap of the Eu³⁺ centred emission and absorption of DTE in the closed form offered photo-switchable emission properties in Eu-pcCPG based on pcFRET (energy transfer efficiency >94%). Further, owing to the high processability and photo-switchable emission, the Eu-pcCPG has been utilized as invisible security ink for protecting confidential information. Interestingly, mixed Eu³⁺/Tb³⁺ pcCPG exhibited photo-modulated multi-spectrum chromism reversibly where the colour changes from yellow, blue, and red to green and vice versa under suitable light irradiation.

A lanthanide based photochromic coordination polymer gel (pcCPG) material has been developed which showed photomodulated colour change based on pcFRET and has the potential to be employed for decoding secret information.     

Sensitive determination of nucleotides and polynucleotides based on the fluorescence quenching of the Tb3+-Tiron complex

 A sensitive method using fluorescence quenching for the determination of nucleotides (ATP, ADP, AMP, CTP, UTP) and polynucleotides[poly(A), poly(I), poly(U)] is proposed. It is based on the ability of nucleotides and polynucleotides to inhibit the formation of a strongly fluorescent complex of Tb³⁺ ion with Tiron. The possibilities of spectrofluorimetric measurements of these systems were studied under optimal conditions (pH 6.9 in hexamethylene tetramine-HCl buffer, 1.2×10^-6 mol/L of Tb³⁺, 4.0×10^-6 mol/L of Tiron, λ_ex=317 nm, λ_em=546 nm). The results showed that the Tb³⁺-Tiron complex could be used as a fluorescence test for the phosphate moieties of nucleotides and polynucleotides. The detection limits are 0.3, 1.2, 3.7, 0.2, 0.3, 1.1, 0.6 and 0.9 ng/mL for ATP, ADP, AMP, CTP, UTP, poly(A), poly(I), and poly(U), respectively. The relative standard deviations (6 replicates) are within 4.0% in the middle of the linear range. The fluorescence quenching mechanism of these systems is also discussed. Received: 16 July 1996 / Revised: 13 November 1996 / Accepted: 13 November 1996     

Nonradiative intramolecular deactivation of Tb3+ fluorescence in a vapor phase terbium(III) complex

For the first time, fluorescence lifetime studies are reported for a trivalent rare-earth gas: specifically, for the ⁵D₄ state of Tb³⁺ in the vapor phase chelate 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione. Measurements of the fluorescence decay as a function of temperature and pressure demonstrate that intermolecular collisional deactivation is unimportant and that nonradiative deactivation by intramolecular processes dominates the fluorescence lifetime at temperatures of 230–300°C. The rate for the latter processes is well described by an Arrhenius equation and suggests that the Tb³⁺ relaxation occurs via transfer to low-lying excited states of the chelate.     

Electrochemical synthesis of anhydrous luminescent Tb3+ complexes with aromatic and heterocyclic carboxylic acids

Russian Journal of General Chemistry - The electrochemical synthesis of anhydrous terbium(III) complex compounds TbL3 and Tb2L3 with several aromatic and heterocyclic carboxylic acids has been...     

Lanthanide chirality as a tool for assignment of transitions: Tm3+ and Tb3+ pyrogermanates

Although chiral studies have proven to be useful in the assignment of transitions in biological molecules, organic molecules and transition metal complexes, their potential for lanthanide transitions needs to be demonstrated. This paper explores the usefulness of circular dichroism (CD) studies in the assignment of lanthanide Δ J = 0, ± 1 transitions with two chiral single crystals, Tm₂Ge₂O₇ (Tm-PG) and Tb₂Ge₂O₇ (Tb-PG).     

ZnO-B2O3∶Tb3+长余辉玻璃的发光性质

通过还原方法制备了Tb³⁺离子掺杂的硼酸锌玻璃，并观察到在254 nm紫外光激发后有明亮的绿色长余辉发光现象，余辉时间达6 h。通过激发与发射光谱、余辉光谱、余辉衰减曲线、热释光谱、热释光释出速率衰减曲线等得到的信息，研究了Tb³⁺离子掺杂的硼酸锌玻璃的发光性质。     

ZnO-B2O3∶Tb3+长余辉玻璃的发光性质

通过还原方法制备了Tb3+离子掺杂的硼酸锌玻璃,并观察到在254 nm紫外光激发后有明亮的绿色长余辉发光现象,余辉时间达6 h.通过激发与发射光谱、余辉光谱、余辉衰减曲线、热释光谱、热释光释出速率衰减曲线等得到的信息,研究了Tb3+离子掺杂的硼酸锌玻璃的发光性质.     

稀土离子Tb~(3+)对卵清蛋白稳定性的影响

在室温、p H=7.4、10 mmol/L 4-羟乙基哌嗪乙磺酸(Hepes)缓冲溶液条件下,利用荧光光谱研究了卵清蛋白(Ova)与Tb~(3+)的结合性质.利用荧光探针2-对甲苯胺基-6-萘磺酸钠(TNS)检测了Tb~(3+)对Ova疏水区的影响.通过化学变性实验分析了Ca2+和Tb~(3+)对Ova结构稳定性的影响.结果表明,Ova可以与Tb~(3+)形成1∶2的复合物,Tb~(3+)的结合使其疏水区暴露程度增加,TNS的荧光增强.Ova的解折叠曲线呈现三态的变化(N■■I■■U).Ca2+可以增加I■■U过程的稳定性,Tb~(3+)对N■■I和I■■U两个解折叠过程都有影响.     

铽-聚二甲基硅氧烷配合物的荧光特性

用多种谱学方法证明聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)中的氧原子能与Tb3+键合生成Tb3+和PDMS的配合物(Tb3+-PDMS), 并发现生成配合物后, PDMS和Tb3+的荧光发射同时得到增强. 荧光强度的增强与配合物中Tb3+含量有关, 当配合物中Tb3+的含量为2.0%(w)时, 配合物的荧光强度最大, 可增强1547%左右.