血红素修饰电极及其催化氧还原性质

金属大环络合物（卟啉、酞箐、维生素Ｂ_(１２)等）修饰电极对氧、一氧化氮和其它生物物质的催化作用［１－３］引起了化学工作者的极大兴趣,血红素是一种重要的铁卟啉化合物,是血液中血红蛋白的重要组成部分,承担携氧的任务,由于其特殊的生理功能,研究血红素修饰电极的性质和作用对进一步研究开发燃料电池具有很重大的意义．卟啉在电极上的修饰有多种方法,当卟啉或金属卟啉环侧链上具有苯氨基、苯酚基、乙烯基或吡咯等取代基时［３］,可采用电氧化聚合法制备聚卟啉膜．本文采用循环伏安法在水溶液中制备了聚血红素膜电极,研究了聚…     

次卟啉的新方法制备及其金属配合物的合成

研究了次氯化血红素在乙酸酐、氢溴酸体系中脱铁制备次卟啉的新方法。 考察了反应时间、温度以及乙酸酐和氢溴酸与次氯化血红素的比例对反应产率的影响,讨论了其脱铁机理。 实验结果表明,当次氯化血红素与氢溴酸和乙酸酐的摩尔比为1∶6.3∶61.2,温度为100 ℃,反应2 h时,脱铁产率高达96.3%。 合成了一系列金属次卟啉配合物,考察了溶剂对卟啉配合金属难易程度及金属离子对卟啉S带和Q带的影响。 用电喷雾串联质谱（ESI-MS-MS）、UV-Vis和IR表征了目标产物的结构。     

次卟啉制备新方法及其金属配合物的合成

研究了次氯化血红素在乙酸酐、氢溴酸体系中脱铁制备次卟啉的新方法.考察了反应时间、温度以及乙酸酐和氢溴酸与次氯化血红素的比例对反应产率的影响,讨论了其脱铁机理.实验结果表明,当次氯化血红素与氢溴酸和乙酸酐的摩尔比为1∶6.3∶61.2,温度为100℃,反应2h时,脱铁产率高达96.3％.合成了一系列金属次卟啉配合物,考察了溶剂对卟啉配合金属难易程度及金属离子对卟啉S带和Q带的影响.用电喷雾串联质谱(ESI-MS-MS)、UV-Vis和IR表征了目标产物的结构.     

辐射接枝医用水凝胶的研究Ⅰ.硅橡胶辐射接技N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮

采用填加SiO_2增强的甲基乙烯基硅橡胶混炼压片。通过~(60)Co-γ射线引发辐射硫化,利用共辐照方法,将N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮接枝到该硅橡胶上,制备了高纯度医用水凝胶。本文较系统地研究了接枝单体浓度、辐照剂量率、剂量、温度和接枝试片厚度等因素对接枝共聚反应的影响。建立了接枝速率与单体浓度、剂量率之间的动力学关系式:R_g=k[M]~(4/5)D~(1/2)。讨论了反应机制和接枝区域。     

N-异丙基丙烯酰胺/N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮水凝胶的研究

研究了用Ｎ,Ｎ－亚甲基双丙烯酰胺作交联剂,Ｎ－异丙基丙烯酰胺／Ｎ－乙烯基吡咯烷酮共聚物水凝胶的合成与性能。结果表明,ＮＶＰ能显著延长共聚体系的凝胶化时间,但对共聚物的体积相变温度影响并不十分显著。当Ｎ－乙烯基吡咯烷酮的配料摩尔比（Ｎ－乙烯基吡咯烷酮／Ｎ－异丙基丙烯酰胺＋Ｎ－乙烯基吡咯烷酮）＝０．０１时,水凝胶呈现最大Ｔｃ和平衡溶胀胀比。当温度低于Ｔｃ时共的在水中的平衡溶胀比与Ｎ－异丙基丙烯酰胺和Ｎ－乙烯基吡咯烷酮的配料比有关;Ｎ－乙烯基吡咯烷酮配料摩匀比〈０．０１,平衡溶胀比随Ｎ－乙烯基吡咯烷酮配料摩尔比的增加而增加;Ｎ－乙烯基吡咯烷桐配料摩尔比〉０．０１,平衡溶胀比随Ｎ－乙烯基吡咯烷酮配料摩尔浓度的增加而降低。同Ｎ－并异丙烯酰胺均聚物水凝胶相比,共聚物水凝胶具有较好的温敏响应性。ＤＳＣ和ＴＧＡ研究表明,Ｎ－乙     

尾式缬氨酸四苯基卟啉锌(Ⅱ)与咪唑轴配反应的光谱和热力学

用金属卟啉化合物来模拟血红素、细胞色素等天然卟啉化合物的生理过程一直是配位化学重要的研究课题。人们发现 ,血红蛋白中的血红素是通过铁与组氨酸残基的侧链咪唑配位于蛋白质上 ,因此 ,人们对金属卟啉与咪唑类配体的轴向配位反应研究产生了极大兴趣 [1] 。有关取代四苯基卟啉金属配合物的合成和轴配反应热力学研究已有很多报道 ,但人们的研究尚处在对称且苯环上连有较小取代基的四苯基卟啉锌、钴、铁等模拟化合物的合成、结构表征及光谱和配位反应热力学的研究阶段 [2 -4 ]。对于结构不对称且卟啉中苯环上连有氨基酸的四苯基卟啉配合物…     

(乙烯基咔唑-甲基丙烯酸金刚烷酯)共聚物的制备与光致发光性能

以1-金刚烷醇和甲基丙烯酰氯为原料,经酯化反应合成甲基丙烯酸金刚烷酯单体。然后通过甲基丙烯酸金刚烷酯与N-乙烯基咔唑进行共聚反应合成了乙烯基咔唑-甲基丙烯酸金刚烷酯共聚物。采用1H-NMR、FI-IR和元素分析等表征了共聚产物的结构,通过凝胶渗透色谱仪和荧光光谱仪考察了金刚烷基团对共聚物结构与荧光性能的影响。     

Co(Ⅱ)-3,8-双乙基次卟啉二甲酯的合成及催化空气氧化环己烷应用

以氯化血红素为原料, 经过脱铁、酯化、催化加氢和络合金属得到仿生催化剂Co(Ⅱ)-3,8-二乙基次卟啉二甲酯. 在无其它外加溶剂及共还原剂的条件下, 将其应用到催化空气氧化环己烷反应, 将实验结果同Co(Ⅱ)原卟啉二甲酯催化氧化空气氧化环己烷的结果进行对照, 并对催化氧化的机理进行了初步研究. 实验结果表明, Co(Ⅱ)-3,8-双乙基次卟啉二甲酯克服了Co(Ⅱ)原卟啉二甲酯3,8-位乙烯基取代基不稳定的缺点, 能够很好催化空气氧化环己烷, 环己醇和环己酮的总收率达16.9%.     

中极性高交联大孔吸附树脂的合成及其对绞股蓝皂甙的吸附性能

二乙烯苯分别与甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸甲酯、顺丁烯二酸二甲酯、乙酸烯丙酯、丙烯腈、甲基乙烯基甲酮和N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮进行悬浮共聚合,制备了一系列交联度为40％的大孔吸附树脂。并表征了这些树脂的结构,测定了树脂对绞股蓝皂甙的吸附量。结果说明,所用单体的极性等因素对树脂的孔结构及吸附量有重要影响。     

丙烯腈与N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮在H2O/DMSO混合溶剂中共聚反应动力学研究

在水和二甲基亚砜(DMSO)混合溶剂中,以偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,聚乙烯醇(PVA)为分散剂,合成了丙烯腈(AN)与N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)共聚物,在反应温度为60℃时,建立了聚合反应速率方程 Rp=kC0.651±0.123AIBNC1.59±0.35ANC1.17±0.14 NVP,求得聚合反应的表观活化能.并讨论了添加剂对苯二酚和二氧杂环己烷对共聚反应的影响.     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

钒与糖代谢及糖尿病

微量元素钒作为生物体内必需元素，经证实有很重要的生理学功能，与机体糖代谢有十分密切的关系，且能降低糖尿病动物模型的高血糖，极有可能被开发为治疗糖尿病的药物。     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

Synthesis of Tyrosol and Hydroxytyrosol Glycofuranosides and Their Biochemical and Biological Activities in Cell-Free and Cellular Assays

Tyrosol (T) and hydroxytyrosol (HOT) and their glycosides are promising candidates for applications in functional food products or in complementary therapy. A series of phenylethanoid glycofuranosides (PEGFs) were synthesized to compare some of their biochemical and biological activities with T and HOT. The optimization of glycosylation promoted by environmentally benign basic zinc carbonate was performed to prepare HOT α-L-arabino-, β-D-apio-, and β-D-ribofuranosides. T and HOT β-D-fructofuranosides, prepared by enzymatic transfructosylation of T and HOT, were also included in the comparative study. The antioxidant capacity and DNA-protective potential of T, HOT, and PEGFs on plasmid DNA were determined using cell-free assays. The DNA-damaging potential of the studied compounds for human hepatoma HepG2 cells and their DNA-protective potential on HepG2 cells against hydrogen peroxide were evaluated using the comet assay. Experiments revealed a spectrum of different activities of the studied compounds. HOT and HOT β-D-fructofuranoside appear to be the best-performing scavengers and protectants of plasmid DNA and HepG2 cells. T and T β-D-fructofuranoside display almost zero or low scavenging/antioxidant activity and protective effects on plasmid DNA or HepG2 cells. The results imply that especially HOT β-D-fructofuranoside and β-D-apiofuranoside could be considered as prospective molecules for the subsequent design of supplements with potential in food and health protection.     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.