稀土氟碳酸盐矿物的拉曼光谱研究

研究了氟碳钡铈矿Ｃｅ２Ｂａ［ＣＯ３］３Ｆ２、氟碳钙铈矿Ｃｅ２Ｃａ［ＣＯ３］３Ｆ２和氟碳铈矿Ｃｅ［ＣＯ３］２Ｆ等矿物的拉曼光谱特征。结果表明,钡稀土氟碳酸盐矿物（氟碳钡铈矿、氟碳铈钡矿、黄河矿）的Ｒａｍａｎ光谱特点是,ν１和ν２为单峰值,ν３和ν４为双峰值。钙稀土氟碳酸盐矿物（氟碳钙铈矿）的拉曼光谱带中ν１和ν４为双峰值,ν２和ν３为单峰值。稀土氟碳酸盐矿物（氟碳铈矿）的Ｒａｍａｎ光谱的特点是,ν１、ν２和ν４为单峰值,ν３为双峰值。     

稀土氟碳酸盐矿物的光致发光谱和吸收谱研究

测定并讨论了产自四川冕宁矿区的氟碳铈矿和产自内蒙白云鄂博稀土矿区的黄河矿、氟碳钙铈矿、氟碳铈钡矿的光致发光谱。结果表明,稀土氟碳酸盐矿物在488.0nm和514.5nm激光激发下的光致发光中心是Nd3+,发光谱中的所有谱带均出自Nd3+的辐射跃迁。在488.0nm激光激发下,稀土氟碳酸盐矿物在495nm到733nm谱区的发光谱带强而尖锐,但在514.5nm激光激发下,这个谱区的谱带明显变弱或消失,转而出现783nm到907nm谱区的强发光谱带。可见光吸收谱表明稀土氟碳酸盐矿物对可见光的吸收也与矿物中的Nd3+有关。     

碱土-铈氟碳酸盐矿物晶体结构中的无序堆垛和交生

用晶格象技术研究了同时含有钙和钡的铈氟碳酸盐矿物,发现这类矿物的晶体是由不同组分的钙-铈氟碳酸盐矿物和不同组分的钡-铈氟碳酸盐矿物单层无序堆垛而成,在百埃数量级的范围内,观察到不同组分钙-铈氟碳酸盐矿物的交生现象,由此提出伦琴钙铈矿可能有一种新的多型体。研究结果显示了晶格象技术直接观察这类矿物晶体结构的优越性。 关键词：     

羟碳铈矿的高压拉曼光谱研究

羟碳铈矿是一种重要的含水稀土氟碳酸盐矿物,了解其高压下的物理性质对于探讨氟和水的存在对碳酸盐矿物物性的影响具有重要意义。运用金刚石压腔(DAC)技术与激光拉曼光谱,在室温下原位开展了羟碳铈矿的高压拉曼光谱学研究。结果显示,在常压下由[CO_3]~(2-)振动引起的拉曼峰共有6条:面内弯曲振动引起的拉曼峰位于604、742 cm~(-1),对称伸缩振动引起的拉曼峰位于1083、 1096和1103cm~(-1),而1430cm~(-1)属于非对称伸缩振动;由[OH]~–振动引起的拉曼峰有6条,分别位于3 174、3 197、3 290、3 345、3 526和3 648 cm~(-1)。随着压力的增加(0～30 GPa),未发现拉曼峰的消失或新拉曼峰的出现,表明在测试压力范围内羟碳铈矿未发生相变。拉曼峰均往高波数偏移,其位移与压力呈现良好的线性正相关关系,由[CO_3]~(2-)的面内弯曲振动引起的拉曼峰对压力的依赖系数最小,为2(0.06) cm~(-1)/GPa,而基团外振动引起的拉曼峰对压力的依赖系数最大,为4.2(0.11) cm~(-1)/GPa。对比无水碳酸盐高压下拉曼峰的位移,认为[OH]~–和F~–的存在导致羟碳铈矿高压下结构中[CO_3]~(2-)基团的振动模式对压力的依赖性发生变化,进一步影响到晶体高压下的各向异性。这为研究地球深部碳酸盐的高压物性行为提供了新的启示。     

常温0.1～2GPa压力下文石的拉曼光谱研究

利用碳化硅压腔结合拉曼光谱分析技术,研究了常温0.1～2GPa压力下文石的拉曼光谱特征,并得出文石拉曼位移与压力之间的关系:ν153(cm-1)=0.0035p(MPa)+154.0,ν206=0.0060p+206.3,ν704=0.0021p+704.2,ν1085=0.0035p+1085.3。在实验的压力范围内,未观察到文石的相变。另外,与其他碳酸盐矿物(菱镁矿、白云石)类似,0～2GPa压力下文石的对称伸缩振动拉曼位移随压力变化的dν1025/dp值大于超高压条件下的dν1025/dp值,表明碳酸盐矿物[CO3]基团中C—O键的可压缩性和压力有关,其可压缩性在0.1～2GPa时较大,压力升高可压缩性降低。     

二(2-乙基己基)磷酸稀土配合物的红外和拉曼光谱

用稀土氯化物与二(2-乙基己基)磷酸反应制备了14种标题配合物,测定了配合物的红外和拉曼光谱,对其主要红外和拉曼谱带进行了归属.结果表明,Ln(DEHP)3应具有与Sm(DMP)3和Pr(DMP)3相同的配位形式和结构类型,每个稀土离子通过双O-P-O桥与邻近的三个稀土离子相连接,形成"双桥二十四元环"的多聚网络结构.Ln-O键基本上是离子键.     

包头矿的拉曼光谱

本文报道了我国发现的一种含大量Ba、Ti和Nb的硅酸盐类新矿物－包头矿的拉曼光谱特征,着重讨论了拉曼光谱带的归属问题,确定了包头矿中钛氧八面体和硅氧四面体的主要拉曼光谱的振动频率,进一步为包头矿的矿物学增添了谱学新资料。     

高温高压合成翡翠的谱学特征初探

通过电子探针、X射线粉晶衍射、傅里叶变化红外光谱、激光拉曼光谱、紫外-可见光吸收光谱和光致发光光谱对合成翡翠矿物谱学特征及呈色机理进行系统的测试与分析。研究结果显示,合成翡翠与天然翡翠外观、矿物成分、拉曼光谱及光致发光光谱表征基本一致,但红外吸收光谱、紫外光谱以及化学成分均出现较为明显的差异,具体表现为:较低的Fe含量导致可见光区域内437nm吸收谱带缺失;由于微量元素的含量和形成环境差异,导致红外光谱表征中ν(M/Cr—O)和ν_(as)(M—OH)伸缩振动所致的红外吸收谱带表征出与天然翡翠较大的差异。     

生活用水的拉曼光谱分析

为了进行水质分析,运用激光拉曼光谱方法测量了自来水和白开水的拉曼光谱,分析了其振动方式归属与光谱强度。结果表明,3200～3400cm-1较强的拉曼谱带(伸缩振动)是水分子的振动拉曼特征峰,水中杂质尤其是钙镁离子含量是影响拉曼特征峰强度的主要因素。     

羟基碳酸钐中羟基位置及振动方式研究

稀土羟基碳酸盐是自然界稀土元素最基本的碳酸盐矿物形式, RE(CO_3)OH,是稀土碳酸盐类矿物和含水稀土碳酸盐矿物中的主要组成部分,在自然界有天然产出,同时碳酸盐矿物又是地球深部碳循环最重要的载体矿物,作为稀土元素主要的碳酸盐载体矿物,六方羟基碳酸钐稳定的结构能为稀土元素迁移提供稳定载体。目前对其结构中羟基氧配位连接方式及氢原子的准确占位情况的认识还存在许多争议,羟基碳酸盐类矿物研究还处在初级阶段,羟基对碳酸盐类矿物结构的影响的研究仍十分欠缺。采用六面砧大压机在高温高压(3 GPa, 800℃)下合成,粒度为10～20μm六方羟基碳酸钐单晶集合体。通过X射线单晶衍射分析得出,羟基碳酸钐为六方晶系,a=b=12.214 3(7)?,c=9.839 3(6)?,V=1 271.26(17)?~3,属P 6空间群。晶体结构模型显示在ab平面内,由Sm~(3+)和[OH]~-连接形成六方网,构成基本重复单层~2_∞[(OH)Sm_(3/3)]~(2+),碳酸根基团连接各层沿c轴延伸,中心Sm~(3+)呈9配位形式,与5个碳酸基团相连,其中4个单齿连接一个螯合连接;与3个羟基氧原子相连,确定配位多面体的具体形式。利用红外吸收光谱、拉曼光谱两种分析方法对初始样品结构进一步表征,尤其是对结构中的水进行了详细的解析。通过样品光谱学特征分析其内部基团振动模式与结构类型,特别是羟基在晶体结构中准确位置及振动特征。研究表明:六方羟基碳酸钐晶体中存在两种不同连接位态的羟基, 3 600～3 650 cm~(-1)谱带对应极化方向垂直(001)晶面,未能与层内氧原子形成氢键的羟基振动; 3 450～3 500 cm~(-1)谱带对应极化方向平行(001)晶面,可与层内氧原子形成氢键的羟基振动; 3 369～3 380 cm~(-1)谱带反应层间羟基的振动,更低频段3 230～3 250 cm~(-1)谱带则是O—H键长更短的羟基振动的体现。利用氘代样的红外吸收光谱验证H-D置换实验,由于D原子取代了H原子,导致ρ_(OH)摆动振动和ν_(OH)伸缩振动吸收峰消失,在2608.12cm~(-1)处出现O-D振动吸收峰,标志氘代完全,验证了氘代实验设计可行。作为可以改变岩浆地球动力学性质的羟基,常温常压下属性及矿物物理性质等对地球科学的基础研究有重要的参考价值。     

白云鄂博天然钕独居石的振动光谱研究(英文)

Raman, infrared and energy dispersive X-ray spectra of monazites have been measured and discussed. The result shows that the mineral is enriched in cerium, lanthanum,neodymium and praseodymium (Ce＞La＞Nd＞Pr)， The monazites have marked spectral characteristics, especially their v1, V3 Raman bands and v1, v4 infrared absorption bands. The characteristics can distinguish between monazite and other phosphate minerals. In addition, based on EDS and infrared absorption spectra, a small amount of fluoro-carbonate is found in the monazites.     

Raman spectroscopy of halogen‐containing carbonates

Raman spectroscopy complemented with infrared spectroscopy has been used to study a series of selected natural halogenated carbonates from different origins, including bastnasite, parisite and northupite. The position of CO₃²⁻ symmetric stretching vibration varies with the mineral composition. An additional band for northupite at 1107 cm⁻¹ is observed. Raman spectra of bastnasite, parisite and northupite show single bands at 1433, 1420 and 1554 cm⁻¹, respectively, assigned to the ν₃ (CO₃)²⁻ asymmetric stretching mode. The observation of additional Raman bands for the ν₃ modes for some halogenated carbonates is significant in that it shows distortion of the CaO₆ octahedron. No ν₂ Raman bending modes are observed for these minerals. The band is observed in the infrared spectra, and multiple ν₂ modes at 844 and 867 cm⁻¹ are observed for parisite. A single intense infrared band is found at 879 cm⁻¹ for northupite. Raman bands are observed forthe carbonate ν₄ in‐phase bending modes at 722 cm⁻¹ for bastnasite, 736 and 684 cm⁻¹ for parisite and 714 cm⁻¹ for northupite. Multiple bands are observed in the OH stretching region for selected bastansites and parisites, indicating the presence of water and OH units in the mineral structure. The presence of such bands brings into question the actual formula of these halogenated carbonate minerals. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis and Raman spectroscopic characterisation of the oxalate mineral wheatleyite Na2Cu2+(C2O4)2·2H2O

The mineral wheatleyite has been synthesised and characterised by Raman spectroscopy complimented with infrared spectroscopy. Two Raman bands at 1434 and 1470 cm⁻¹ are assigned to the ν_{(C O)} stretching mode and implies two independent oxalate anions. Two intense Raman bands observed at 904 and 860 cm⁻¹ are assigned to the ν(C C) stretching mode and support the concept of two non‐equivalent oxalate units in the wheatleyite structure. Two strong bands observed at 565 and 585 cm⁻¹ are assigned to the symmetric CCO in plane bending modes. The Raman band at 387 cm⁻¹ is attributed to the CuO stretching vibration and the bands at 127 and 173 cm⁻¹ to OCuO bending vibrations. A comparison is made with Raman spectra of selected natural oxalate bearing minerals. Oxalates are markers or indicators of environmental events. Oxalates are readily determined by Raman spectroscopy. Thus, deterioration of works of art, biogeochemical cycles, plant metal complexation, the presence of pigments and minerals formed in caves can be analysed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Raman Spectroscopic Study of the Molybdate Mineral Szenicsite and Comparison with Other Paragenetically Related Molybdate Minerals

Abstract

The molybdate‐bearing mineral szenicsite, Cu₃(MoO₄)(OH)₄, has been studied by Raman and infrared spectroscopy. A comparison of the Raman spectra is made with those of the closely related molybdate‐bearing minerals, wulfenite, powellite, lindgrenite, and iriginite, which show common paragenesis. The Raman spectrum of szenicsite displays an intense, sharp band at 898 cm^?1, attributed to the ν₁ symmetric stretching vibration of the MoO₄ units. The position of this particular band may be compared with the values of 871 cm^?1 for wulfenite and scheelite and 879 cm^?1 for powellite. Two Raman bands are observed at 827 and 801 cm^?1 for szenicsite, which are assigned to the ν₃(E _g ) vibrational mode of the molybdate anion. The two MO₄ ν₂ modes are observed at 349 (B _g ) and 308 cm^?1 (A _g ). The Raman band at 408 cm^?1 for szenicsite is assigned to the ν₄(E _g ) band. The Raman spectra are assigned according to a factor group analysis and are related to the structure of the minerals. The various minerals mentioned have characteristically different Raman spectra.     

Molecular Structures of H2X and D2X(X=0, S,Se, Te)

There are two possible configurations for H₂O, linear(D_∞h) or bent(C_2v). For a C_2v′, the three bands ν_1′ ν₂ and ν₃ should appear in both Raman and infrared. For a D_∞h. however, the ν₁, band should appear in only Raman and the ν₂ and ν₃ bands, in only infrared, that is, a principle of mutual exclusion of Raman and infrared should hold. The present author concludes that H₂X and D₂X(X=O, S, Se, Te) have a linear D_∞h. structure, since the obtained spectra show mutual exclusion of Raman and infrared.     

四氯化碳ν_1振动在费米共振光谱特性参数中的作用

研究了CCl4的ν1+ν4与ν3的费米共振现象。结果表明ν1振动频率是影响费米共振红外和拉曼光谱特性参数(峰位差Δ,耦合系数W,光谱强度比R,非谐力常数K等)的主要因素,而其光谱强度大小却与这些参数无直接关系。本文用Berttran理论和群论对这一结果给以解释。该研究对理解费米共振现象和分子结构研究中的谱线归属等有参考价值。     

A Vibrational Spectroscopic Study of the Sulfate Mineral Glauberite

The mineral glauberite is one of many minerals formed in evaporite deposits. The mineral glauberite has been studied using a combination of scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis and infrared and Raman spectroscopy. Qualitative chemical analysis shows a homogeneous phase, composed by sulfur, calcium, and sodium. Glauberite is characterized by a very intense Raman band at 1002 cm^?1 with Raman bands observed at 1107, 1141, 1156, and 1169 cm^?1 attributed to the sulfate ν₃ antisymmetric stretching vibration. Raman bands at 619, 636, 645, and 651 cm^?1 are assigned to the ν₄ sulfate bending modes. Raman bands at 454, 472, and 486 cm^?1 are ascribed to the ν₂ sulfate bending modes. The observation of multiple bands is attributed to the loss of symmetry of the sulfate anion. Raman spectroscopy is superior to infrared spectroscopy for the determination of glauberite.     

Cysteine‐linked aromatic nitriles as UV resonance Raman probes of protein structure

Nitriles introduced into peptides and proteins can serve as useful vibrational spectroscopic probes, because the nitrile C ≡ N stretch is well isolated from backbone and sidechain vibrational bands. Aromatic nitriles offer large νC ≡ N absorption intensity in infrared spectra and resonance enhancement in Raman spectra with ultraviolet excitation. We report the ultraviolet resonance Raman spectra of cyanophenylalanine attached to cysteine, through linkage reactions that are applicable to cysteine residues in proteins. Excitation profiles are reported, and the νC ≡ N detection limit is estimated to be 5 µ m . The band position is sensitive to solvent polarity and especially to strong H‐bonding. The derivatization of mastoparan X peptide at introduced cysteine residues demonstrated the effectiveness of a cyanophenylcysteine probe in reporting the lowered environmental polarity when the peptide was incorporated into liposomes. For an asymmetrical cyanophenyl derivative, 2‐CBCys, the intensity ratio of asymmetric and symmetric ring modes, ν8_b and ν8_a, was found to respond to solvent polarity and not to H‐bonding. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

白钨矿的振动光谱与颜色成因初探

四川虎牙雪宝顶钨锡铍矿产出晶体硕大、形态完好的橘红色等颜色鲜艳的白钨矿。文章针对白钨矿颜色成因,利用X光粉晶衍射仪、电子探针、红外光谱仪和拉曼光谱仪对4组白钨矿样品谱学特征和化学成份进行研究。X光粉晶衍射仪获得了白钨矿的晶胞参数;电子探针分析获得该地颜色鲜艳的和无色白钨矿及其他无色白钨矿的化学成分;采用红外光谱和拉曼光谱分析了白钨矿的谱学特征并对特征吸收谱带和特征峰进行了归属。电子探针测试结果表明该区白钨矿化学成分接近理想值,振动光谱特征与一般白钨矿相类似表明不同颜色的白钨矿晶体结构基本一致。由此根据晶体场理论在颜色成因方面的解释推测橘红色白钨矿的颜色成因可能与白钨矿中超微晶体结构、矿物中微量元素或稀土元素有关。     

Raman spectroscopy of the borosilicate mineral ferroaxinite

Raman spectroscopy, complemented by infrared spectroscopy, has been used to characterise the ferroaxinite minerals of the theoretical formula Ca₂Fe²⁺Al₂BSi₄O₁₅(OH), a ferrous aluminium borosilicate. The Raman spectra are complex but are subdivided into sections on the basis of the vibrating units. The Raman spectra are interpreted in terms of the addition of borate and silicate spectra. Three characteristic bands of ferroaxinite are observed at 1082, 1056 and 1025 cm⁻¹ and are attributed to BO₄ stretching vibrations. Bands at 1003, 991, 980 and 963 cm⁻¹ are assigned to SiO₄ stretching vibrations. Bands are found in these positions for each of the ferroaxinites studied. No Raman bands were found above 1100 cm⁻¹ showing that ferroaxinites contain only tetrahedral boron. The hydroxyl stretching region of ferroaxinites is characterised by a single Raman band between 3368 and 3376 cm⁻¹, the position of which is sample‐dependent. Bands for ferroaxinite at 678, 643, 618, 609, 588, 572, 546 cm⁻¹ may be attributed to the ν₄ bending modes and the three bands at 484, 444 and 428 cm⁻¹ may be attributed to the ν₂ bending modes of the (SiO₄)²⁻. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.