用离子吸附法制备银/聚吡咯同轴纳米电缆

以多元醇还原反应法制备出直径为40~50 nm的纳米银线, 采用醋酸铜水溶液对银纳米线表面进行处理, 通过离子吸附在纳米银线表面吸附铜离子. 以吸附在银纳米线表面上的铜离子作为活性单元, 氧化吡咯单体聚合, 制得Ag/PPy同轴纳米电缆. 采用TEM, FTIR和XPS等表征手段对产物进行表征和检测, 并通过表面增强拉曼光谱进一步证实产物中聚吡咯层紧密地吸附在银线表面. 结果表明, 利用醋酸铜作为氧化剂, 通过离子吸附法制备的Ag/PPy同轴纳米电缆, 可以在较大范围内有效地控制聚吡咯层厚度, 避免银纳米线被刻蚀.     

同轴三层纳米电缆NiO@SiO2@TiO2的制备与表征

采用静电纺丝技术, 通过改进实验装置, 成功地制备出了NiO@SiO₂@TiO₂同轴三层纳米电缆. 采用差热-热重(TG-DTA)分析、X射线衍射(XRD)分析、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)分析、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等分析技术对样品进行表征, 结果表明, 所得产物为NiO@SiO₂@TiO₂同轴三层纳米电缆, 内层为NiO, 直径大约为40～50 nm|中间层为SiO₂, 厚度大约为40～45 nm|外层为TiO₂, 厚度大约为45～50 nm. 对NiO@SiO₂@TiO₂同轴三层纳米电缆的形成机理进行了讨论.     

同轴静电纺丝技术制备ZnO@CeO2纳米电缆

采用同轴静电纺丝技术,以硝酸铈、硝酸锌、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、甘油和氯仿为原料,制备了ZnO@CeO2 同轴纳米电缆。用差热–热重分析、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜和能谱仪对样品进行了表征。结果表明,所得到的产物为ZnO@CeO2同轴纳米电缆,以晶态CeO2为壳层,晶态ZnO为芯层,电缆直径约90 nm,芯层直径约60 nm,壳层厚度约15 nm,电缆长度>300 μm,对其形成机理进行了分析。     

ZnO@SiO_2同轴纳米电缆的静电纺丝技术制备与表征

采用同轴静电纺丝技术,以硝酸锌、正硅酸乙酯(C8H20O4Si)、无水乙醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为原料,成功制备出大量的ZnO@SiO2同轴纳米电缆。用TG-DTA,XRD,SEM,TEM,FTIR等分析技术对样品进行了表征。结果表明,得到的ZnO@SiO2同轴纳米电缆的壳层为无定型SiO2,厚度为50nm,芯轴为晶态ZnO,电缆直径为300~450nm,长度大于300μm。探讨了ZnO@SiO2同轴纳米电缆的形成机理。     

NiO@SnO2@Zn2TiO4@TiO2同轴四层纳米电缆的制备、表征及形成机理研究

采用静电纺丝技术, 通过改进实验装置, 在最佳的纺丝条件下制备了[Ni(CH₃COO)₂＋PVP]@[SnCl₄＋PVP]@[Zn(CH₃COO)₂＋PVP]@[Ti(OC₄H₉)₄＋CH₃COOH＋PVP]前驱体复合电缆, 将其进行热处理, 制备出NiO@ SnO₂@Zn₂TiO₄@TiO₂同轴四层纳米电缆. 采用热重-差热(TG-DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等分析技术对样品进行了表征. 结果表明, 所得产物为同轴四层纳米电缆, 芯层为NiO, 直径为35～55 nm|第二层为SnO₂, 厚度为30～50 nm|第三层为Zn₂TiO₄, 厚度为25～40 nm|壳层为TiO₂, 厚度为40～90 nm. 对同轴四层纳米电缆的形成机理进行了探讨.     

静电纺丝技术制备NiO@Al2O3@TiO2同轴三层亚微米电缆及其形成机理

采用静电纺丝技术,通过改进实验装置,采用同轴三喷嘴实验装置代替传统的单喷嘴实验装置,在最佳的纺丝条件下制备了[Ni(CH3COO)2+PVP]@[Al(NO3)3+PVP]@[Ti(OC4H9)4+CH3COOH+PVP]前驱体复合电缆,将其进行热处理,制备出了NiO@Al2O3@TiO2同轴三层纳米电缆. 采用差热-热重(TG-DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等分析技术对样品进行了表征. 结果表明,所得产物为NiO@Al2O3@TiO2同轴三层纳米电缆. 纳米电缆芯层为NiO,直径大约为137.83±8.85 nm;中间层为Al2O3,厚度大约为215.11±8.66 nm;壳层为TiO2,厚度大约为156.26±16.50 nm. 对NiO@Al2O3@TiO2同轴三层纳米电缆的形成机理进行了讨论.     

同轴静电纺丝技术制备Y_2O_3:Eu~(3+)@SiO_2豆角状纳米电缆与表征

采用同轴静电纺丝技术,以氧化钇、氧化铕、正硅酸乙酯(C8H20O4Si)、无水乙醇、PVP和DMF为原料,成功制备出大量的Y2O3:Eu3+@SiO2豆角状纳米电缆.用TG-DTA,XRD,SEM,TEM和荧光光谱等分析技术对样品进行了系统地表征.结果表明,得到的产物为Y2O3:Eu3+@SiO2豆角状纳米电缆,以无定型SiO2为壳层,晶态Y2O3:Eu3+球为芯,电缆直径约为200nm,内部球平均直径约150nm,壳层厚度约为25nm,电缆长度300μm.纳米电缆内部为球状结构,沿着纤维长度方向有序排列,形貌均一.Y2O3:Eu3+@SiO2豆角状纳米电缆在246nm紫外光激发下,发射出Eu3+离子特征的波长为614nm的明亮红光.对其形成机理进行了初步讨论.     

反相胶束法控制合成不同形貌半导体Ag_2S纳米晶

采用水 (溶液 ) /TritonX 10 0 /环已烷 /正戊醇反相胶束体系 ,制备出不同形貌的Ag2 S纳米晶 ,其中合成出的直径为 5 0～ 10 0nm、长度为 2 .0～ 3.5 μm、长径比为 2 0～ 70的纯相Ag2 S纳米棒为首次报导 .就不同ω0 、反应物浓度和陈化时间等因素对合成Ag2 S的形貌和尺寸的影响进行了研究 ,获得了控制合成不同形貌Ag2 S纳米晶的反应条件 .所得产物利用透射电子显微镜分析进行了表征     

Ag_核Au_壳金属复合纳米粒子的制备及表面增强拉曼光谱研究

在已制备好的Ag纳米粒子表面,通过化学还原的方法沉积生长Au包裹层,制备了粒子尺寸为50-70nm的Ag核Au壳复合纳米粒子.通过改变AuCl₄^-量,使Ag_100-xAu_x中Au的含量由x=0变为x=30.用UV-Vis吸收光谱和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对该结构纳米粒子进行了表征,并以对巯基苯胺(PATP)为探针分子进行表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)研究.表面拉曼光谱表明,该结构的纳米粒子具有比Ag更强的SERS活性,随着Au:Ag比例的逐渐增加,其活性呈现先增大后减小的趋势,其最大增强约为Ag纳米粒子的10倍.     

Ag@YF3:Eu3+核壳结构纳米材料的制备与性能研究

采用乙二醇法制备了单质Ag纳米粒子,并通过直接沉淀法合成了均匀球形的Ag@YF3∶Eu3+核壳结构复合纳米发光粒子,对产物的结构和性能进行了表征。XRD分析表明:Ag表面包覆上了结晶良好的正交晶系的YF3∶Eu3+。TEM照片表明:所得的纳米复合粒子具有明显的核壳结构和均匀的球形,中间Ag粒子的尺寸在80~100 nm之间,Ag@YF3∶Eu3+的粒径尺寸约为150~180 nm,表面粗糙且包覆完全。电子衍射表明复合样品为多晶。荧光光谱表明:该纳米复合粒子具有良好的发光性,以593 nm附近的5D0→7F1磁偶极跃迁为最强发射峰,但是比纯的YF3∶Eu3+的发光强度要弱,其荧光寿命有所增强,这表明Ag纳米粒子对外层的YF3∶Eu3+的发光有猝灭作用。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.