The inverse problem for Krein orthogonal matrix functions

In the mid-fifties, in a seminal paper, M. G. Krein introduced continuous analogs of Szeg? orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle and established their main properties. In this paper, we generalize these results and subsequent results that he obtained jointly with Langer to the case of matrix-valued functions. Our main theorems are much more involved than their scalar counterparts. They contain new conditions based on Jordan chains and root functions. The proofs require new techniques based on recent results in the theory of continuous analogs of resultant and Bezout matrices and solutions of certain equations in entire matrix functions.     

Krein–Langer Factorization and Related Topics in the Slice Hyperholomorphic Setting

We study various aspects of Schur analysis in the slice hyperholomorphic setting. We present two sets of results: first, we give new results on the functional calculus for slice hyperholomorphic functions. In particular, we introduce and study some properties of the Riesz projectors. Then we prove a Beurling–Lax type theorem, the so-called structure theorem. A crucial fact which allows to prove our results is the fact that the right spectrum of a quaternionic linear operator and the point S-spectrum coincide. Finally, we study the Krein–Langer factorization for slice hyperholomorphic generalized Schur functions. Both the Beurling–Lax type theorem and the Krein–Langer factorization are far-reaching results which have not been proved in the quaternionic setting using notions of hyperholomorphy other than slice hyperholomorphy.     

Linear differential operators and operator matrices of the second order

Linear differential operators (equations) of the second order in Banach spaces of vector functions defined on the entire real axis are studied. Conditions of their invertibility are given. The main results are based on putting a differential operator in correspondence with a second-order operator matrix and further use of the theory of first-order differential operators that are defined by the operator matrix. A general scheme is presented for studying the solvability conditions for different classes of second-order equations using second-order operator matrices. The scheme includes the studied problem as a special case.     

A class of nonlinear equations in Hilbert space and its application to completeness problems

Nonlinear equations arising in the spectral theory of self-adjoint operator functions and related completeness problems for eigenvectors are studied. A separation theorem about the values of the Rayleigh functional on solutions of a nonlinear equation is proved. This theorem is used, as a new approach to establish completeness of eigenvectors for some classes of self-adjoint operator functions. Examples from matrix pencils are given.     

Nevanlinna Matrices of Entire Functions

The notion of a pre-Nevanlinna matrix of entire functions is introduced, and we find necessary and sufficient conditions for an entire function to belong to such a matrix, thereby generalizing previous work of Krein. If one of the functions in a pre-Nevanlinna matrix is a polynomial, then the three others arc also polynomials and their degrees differ by at most two. If the functions in a pre-Nevanlinna matrix are transcendental they have necessarily the same order, type and indicators.     

Operator approach to the Cauchy-Kovalevskaya theorem

For operator differential equations in a Banach space, we present the conditions for initial data which are necessary and sufficient for the Cauchy problem to have a solution in the class of analytic, entire, or exponential-type entire vector functions. In the case where an operator differential equation is a system of partial differential equations, the sufficient condition obtained coincides with the well-known Cauchy-Kovalevskaya theorem on the solvability of the Cauchy problem in the class of analytic functions. Institute of Mathematics, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Kiev. Translated from Matematychni Metody ta Fizyko-Mekhanichni Polya, Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 7–12, April–June, 1998.     

On the zeros of some continuous analogues of matrix orthogonal polynomials and a related extension problem with negative squares

A new proof of a recent theorem of Ellis, Gohberg, and Lay, which identifies the number of roots of a “continuous” matrix orthogonal polynomial in the open upper halfplane with the number of negative eigenvalues of a related integral operator is presented. A related extension problem is then formulated and solved in assorted classes of functions which are analytic in the open upper half plane, apart from a finite number of poles. A discrete analogue of this extension problem is also formulated and solved. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Dissipative operators in the Krein space. Invariant subspaces and properties of restrictions

We prove that a dissipative operator in the Krein space has a maximal nonnegative invariant subspace provided that the operator admits matrix representation with respect to the canonical decomposition of the space and the upper right operator in this representation is compact relative to the lower right operator. Under the additional assumption that the upper and lower left operators are bounded (the so-called Langer condition), this result was proved (in increasing order of generality) by Pontryagin, Krein, Langer, and Azizov. We relax the Langer condition essentially and prove under the new assumptions that a maximal dissipative operator in the Krein space has a maximal nonnegative invariant subspace such that the spectrum of its restriction to this subspace lies in the left half-plane. Sufficient conditions are found for this restriction to be the generator of a holomorphic semigroup or a C ₀-semigroup.     

抽象空间中非线性算子方程变号解的存在性研究

利用Banach空间中的锥理论和不动点定理讨论了非线性算子方程变号解的存在性,给出了E_u_0空间下非线性算子方程变号解至少有一个变号解、一个正解和一个负解的条件,并讨论了仅通过一个上解条件得出非线性算子方程变号解的存在性定理.     

Definitizable extensions of positive symmetric operators in a Krein space

The Friedrichs extension and the Krein extension of a positive operator in a Krein space are characterized in terms of their spectral functions in a Krein space.     

Spectral analysis of singular ordinary differential operators with indefinite weights

In this paper we develop a perturbation approach to investigate spectral problems for singular ordinary differential operators with indefinite weight functions. We prove a general perturbation result on the local spectral properties of selfadjoint operators in Krein spaces which differ only by finitely many dimensions from the orthogonal sum of a fundamentally reducible operator and an operator with finitely many negative squares. This result is applied to singular indefinite Sturm-Liouville operators and higher order singular ordinary differential operators with indefinite weight functions.     

Pontryagin spaces of entire functions II

We continue the study of a generalization of L. de Branges's theory of Hilbert spaces of entire functions to the Pontryagin space setting. In this-second-part we investigate isometric embeddings of spaces of entire functions into spacesL ² () understood in a distributional sense and consider Weyl coefficients of matrix chains. The main task is to give a proof of an indefinite version of the inverse spectral theorem for Nevanlinna functions. Our methods use the theory developed by L. de Branges and the theory of extensions of symmetric operators of M.G.Krein.     

Noncommuting Domination in Krein Spaces Via Commutators of Block Operator Matrices

The commutators of 2 × 2 block operator matrices with (unbounded) operator entries are investigated. The matrix representation of a symmetric operator in a Krein space is exploited. As a consequence, the domination result due to Cichoń, Stochel and Szafraniec is extended to the case of Krein spaces.     

Spectral methods for orthogonal rational functions

We present an operator theoretic approach to orthogonal rational functions based on the identification of a suitable matrix representation of the multiplication operator associated with the corresponding orthogonality measure. Two alternatives are discussed, leading to representations which are linear fractional transformations with matrix coefficients acting on infinite Hessenberg or five-diagonal unitary matrices. This approach permits us to recover the orthogonality measure throughout the spectral analysis of an infinite matrix depending uniquely on the poles and the parameters of the recurrence relation for the orthogonal rational functions. Besides, the zeros of the orthogonal and para-orthogonal rational functions are identified as the eigenvalues of matrix linear fractional transformations of finite Hessenberg or five-diagonal matrices. As an application we use operator perturbation theory results to obtain new relations between the support of the orthogonality measure and the location of the poles and parameters of the recurrence relation for the orthogonal rational functions.     

The solution existence and convergence analysis for linear and nonlinear differential-operator equations in Banach spaces within the Calogero type projection-algebraic scheme of discrete approximations

The projection-algebraic approach of the Calogero type for discrete approximations of linear and nonlinear differential operator equations in Banach spaces is studied. The solution convergence and realizability properties of the related approximating schemes are analyzed. For the limiting-dense approximating scheme of linear differential operator equations a new convergence theorem is stated. In the case of nonlinear differential operator equations the effective convergence conditions for the approximated solution sets, based on a Leray-Schauder type fixed point theorem, are obtained.     

A new concept for block operator matrices:the quadratic numerical range

In this paper a new concept for 2×2-block operator matrices – the quadratic numerical range – is studied. The main results are a spectral inclusion theorem, an estimate of the resolvent in terms of the quadratic numerical range, factorization theorems for the Schur complements, and a theorem about angular operator representations of spectral invariant subspaces which implies e.g. the existence of solutions of the corresponding Riccati equations and a block diagonalization. All results are new in the operator as well as in the matrix case.     

Quasinormal operators on Krein space

In this paper we introduce the concept of quasinormal and subnormal operators on a Krein space and prove that every quasinormal operator is subnormal. And some conditions for an operator on a Hilbert space to be a subnormal operator in the Krein space sense are obtained.     

Asymptotics of Eigenvalues for a Class of Jacobi Matrices with Limiting Point Spectrum

In this paper, we study a class of Jacobi matrices with very rapidly decreasing weights. It is shown that the Weyl function (the matrix element of the resolvent of the operator) for the class under study can be expressed as the ratio of two entire transcendental functions of order zero. It is shown that the coefficients in the expansion of these functions in Taylor series are proportional to the generating functions of the number of integral solutions defined by certain Diophantine equations. An asymptotic estimate for the eigenvalues is obtained.