具有压电分流电路薄板的吸声特性Ⅰ.理论分析

首次从理论上分析了粘有压电陶瓷片薄板的低频吸声特性和吸声机理.根据压电陶瓷薄片外接分流电路时的等效柔顺性系数,应用拉格朗日方程建立了粘有压电陶瓷片薄板的运动方程.该方程中包含了薄板和压电片的质量、弹性、阻尼以及压电片分流电路的电阻和电感.给出了粘有压电片薄板的表面阻抗和吸声系数的数值计算方法,数值计算表明调节分流电路参数可明显改善薄板一阶模态处的吸声特性.     

具有压电分流电路薄板的吸声特性Ⅱ.数值和实验分析

利用数值计算和实验方法研究了压电分流阻尼技术控制薄板吸声特性的机制,分析了串联电阻和电感与薄板吸声系数、相对声阻和相对声抗之间的关系.数值计算和实验结果表明:通过调节分流电路中电感和电阻等参数,可使电路谐振和机械谐振出现强耦合,进而明显提高薄板一阶模态处的吸声系数和吸声带宽.     

Research on the sound absorption performance of metal rubber material

The sound absorption performance of Metal Rubber material was studied theoretically and experimentally. The acoustic impedance rate and the sound absorption coefficient were derived based on the acoustic parameters of metal rubber material. The relation of structure constant, compressibility modulus and structural parameters was investigated experimentally. The results showed that the specimen of metal rubber with the same mean porosity diameter had the same structure constant. For the same structural parameters, the compressibility modulus of metal rubber material was approximately constant in certain frequency range. The calculated acoustic parameters are in good agreement with the experimental results, demonstrating the effectiveness of theoretical models.     

The impact of the neck material on the sound absorption performance of Helmholtz resonators

Helmholtz resonators with sound absorption materials filling the neck may have an improved sound absorption capacity. In this work, parallel perforated ceramics with different perforation diameters were installed into the neck of a Helmholtz resonator to improve its acoustic impedance to simultaneously achieve a better acoustic absorption coefficient and a wider absorption bandwidth. An experimental system was built to investigate the effect of the perforation diameters on the sound absorption performance of the resonator. It is found that nonlinear effects near the resonance frequency affect the resonator?s neck mouth impedance and further its sound absorption performance significantly. For frequency range 50–500 Hz, a model of the neck mouth impedance is developed based on a revised Forchheimer relationship. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical model.     

基于声场重建的材料吸声系数测量方法

针对现有方法对材料吸声系数进行现场测量时存在低频测量误差大的问题,本文提出了一种利用扬声器线阵列对材料吸声系数进行现场测量的新方法。该方法使用基于能量比值约束的最小二乘法在待测材料表面进行平面波声场重建并结合双传声器传递函数法对材料的吸声系数进行测量。数值仿真表明在100～1600 Hz频率范围内,新方法在未加约束时能够对材料的吸声系数进行准确测量。在半消声室中利用新方法测量了三聚氰胺泡沫的吸声系数,分析了能量比值约束值对测量结果的影响,并和阻抗管以及其它两种现场测量方法的测量结果进行了对比。结果表明该方法能够对吸声材料在160～1600 Hz频段内的吸声系数进行准确测量,并且相较于现存的现场测量方法,新方法具有更低的测量频率下限。     

On the sound absorption performance of a felt sound absorber

In this work, we have developed an analytical model of a multilayer porous material based on the transfer matrix method to predict the absorption behavior at plane wave incidence. The aim of this study is to modify/tune the sound absorption coefficient of a felt to obtain an improved absorbing performance in the mid frequency range without increasing its weight. To achieve this target, the developed model has been used to find the best combination of each layer type and thickness. The analytical results were validated by test results.     

高声压级时多孔金属板的吸声特性研究

针对高声压级下有限厚度多孔金属板在线性阻抗背衬条件下(背衬表面声压与声质点速度为线性关系)的吸声问题,提出了一个描述不同声压级下材料层法向吸声性能的一维模型,并给出求解材料层内部声质点速度的线化与差分方法,以预测多孔金属板在高声压级下的非线性吸声特性。在阻抗管中对两块多孔金属板进行了声学测试,得到了材料层法向表面阻抗和吸声系数随入射声压级变化的实验结果。研究表明:实验与理论预测符合良好,验证了模型与数值方法的正确性。本文所提原理和方法,可用于一般硬质多孔材料。     

Calculation of sound absorption characteristics of porous sintered fiber metal

Focusing its attention on porous sintered fiber metal, this paper presents a simple extended acoustical model on the basis of Biot-Allard model by using the idea of convective heat transfer in metallic tube for reference in order to calculate the sound absorption characteristics of porous sintered fiber metal. The sound absorption coefficients and the specific surface acoustic impedances of one-layer porous fiber metal sheets, two-layer-assembled and three-layer-assembled porous fiber metal sheets are calculated by using the extended and Biot-Allard model and then compared with the corresponding measured values. By comparing, it is shown that the theoretical results calculated by using the extended model fit the measured ones better. Finally, those above-mentioned results are further discussed and analyzed.     

Investigation of industrial tea-leaf-fibre waste material for its sound absorption properties

The sound absorption of an industrial waste, developed during the processing of tea leaves has been investigated. Three different layers of tea-leaf-fibre waste materials with and without backing provided by a single layer of woven textile cloth were tested for their sound absorption properties. The experimental data indicate that a 1 cm thick tea-leaf-fibre waste material with backing, provides sound absorption which is almost equivalent to that provided by six layers of woven textile cloth. Twenty millimeters thick layers of rigidly backed tea-leaf-fibres and non-woven fibre materials exhibit almost equivalent sound absorption in the frequency range between 500 and 3200 Hz.     

Measurement of sound absorption by underwater acoustic material using pulse-separation method

An alternative pulse-separation method is presented for measuring the sound absorption at normal incidence of an underwater acoustic material in a water-filled impedance tube. A damped sine pulse was generated in the water-filled impedance tube with a regular waveform and a short duration time of approximately 1 ms. During the generation of the pulse, the inverse filter principle was used to compensate for the transducer response. In addition, the effects of the characteristics of the tube termination can be eliminated during the generation of the pulse to obtain a single plane pulse wave in the impedance tube, which is a necessary condition for this technique. Measurements of the sound absorption coefficient of the rubber material and the reflection coefficient from a water/air interface were used to verify the pulse-separation method.     

Experimental study on sound absorption performance of microperforated panel with membrane cell

Microperforated panel (MPP) absorbers have been widely used in noise reduction and are regarded as a promising alternative to the traditional porous materials. However, the absorption bandwidth of a single-layer MPP is insufficient to compete with the porous materials. In order to improve the sound absorption ability of the single-layer MPP, a composite MPP sound absorber with membrane cells (MPPM) is introduced. Sound absorption properties of the MPPM are studied by the impedance tube experiment. Results show that the membranes have a significant influence on the sound impedance. The sound absorption performance of MPPM gradually increases with the increase of the membrane area. The single-layer MPP with some small area membrane cells may have the same effect and single large area membranes. By adjusting the size of the membrane cells, one can implement a sound absorber with a wider absorption bandwidth and higher absorption peaks than the single-layer MPP.     

金属橡胶材料声学参数理论计算及实验研究

研究了用于理论分析金属橡胶材料吸声特性的声学参数。依据金属橡胶材料是均匀、各向同性的多孔材料条件,推导出金属橡胶材料有效声速、特性阻抗、传播常数等声学参数的理论计算公式.确定了金属橡胶材料结构常数和流阻率的计算公式,通过实验研究获得并分析了不同结构参数金属橡胶材料的结构常数值。比较分析了金属橡胶材料特性阻抗和传播常数的实验值和理论值.研究结果表明:用均匀、各向同性的多孔材料理论模型计算金属橡胶材料声学参数方法是可行的.