Recent Achievements in Sample Introduction Systems for Use in Chemical Vapor Generation Plasma Optical Emission and Mass Spectrometry: From Macro- to Microanalytics

Abstract

Chemical vapor generation (CVG) offers several significant advantages for analyses, including efficient matrix separation, which often leads to a reduction of interferences and better detection limits; high transport efficiency of analyte into the atomic spectroscopic detector; in some cases, high selectivity to permit differentiation of chemical species of a particular element and enable use of gas-phase separation methods for speciation of some elements.

The development of CVG techniques from a Marsh test (arsine generation) to a recent device combining vapor generation with multichannel sample introduction systems and separation or preconcentration techniques at the macro- and microscale for use in optical emission and mass spectrometry is reviewed.     

Thermal Ionization and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: Potential for Application to Studies on the Biokinetics of Molybdenum in Humans

Abstract

The use of stable isotopes as tracers in biokinetic investigations provides a means to obtain important metabolic data directly in humans without exposing the subjects to undue risks. In this work, three types of mass spectrometers are compared with regard to the determination of the abundances of stable isotopes of molybdenum in natural and enriched aqueous samples. The data show a good response of thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) and of high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) to the isotopic enrichment of the samples, whereas conventional quadrupole ICPMS shows an unsatisfactory reproducibility of the results. Moreover, only TIMS can achieve an accuracy of better than 1% for the obtained isotopic ratios. Although a tedious procedure for the preparation of the biological samples is required and less sensitivity is achieved as compared to ICPMS, TIMS still seems to be method of choice for the accurate assessment of isotope ratios as required in multitracer studies on human biokinetics of trace metals.