紫玉兰素A与人端粒G-四链体相互作用的光谱学研究,第一个木脂素类衍生物与G-四链体相互作用（英文）

人端粒G-四链体结构是指端粒末端富含鸟嘌呤(G)的DNA序列在一价阳离子(如K+和Na+)诱导下通过G碱基间Hoogsteen氢键连接形成的DNA二级结构。能够稳定端粒G-四链体的配体通常为端粒酶抑制剂,其可能成为抗肿瘤药物。应用CD,FRET,NMR光谱方法第一次较全面地研究了一种木脂素衍生物,紫玉兰素A(liliflorin A)与人端粒序列dGGG(TTAGGG)3G-四链体HTG21的相互作用,采用分子对接技术进一步研究紫玉兰素A与人端粒序列dTAGGG(TTAGGG)3G-四链体HTG23的结合位点。CD实验数据表明紫玉兰素A提高HTG21解链温度,FRET实验测得4.01μmol·L-紫玉兰素A可以将HTG21稳定温度提高3.2℃。NMR实验结果表明,加入紫玉兰素A三小时后HTG21核磁谱图出现明显变化。分子对接结果表明紫玉兰素A结合到HTG23较宽沟槽上,结合位点为G9,G10,G16和G17。紫玉兰素A是第一个能够选择性稳定人端粒G-四链体HTG21的木脂素类衍生物配体。实验结果为以人端粒G-四链体为靶点的抗肿瘤药物设计提供了新型候选化合物。     

G-四链体结构及其应用的光谱学研究

G-四链体是指一种由富含G碱基核酸序列通过G平面的π—π堆积形成的一种特殊的核酸二级结构。本文介绍作者课题组利用光谱表征方法(紫外可见光吸收、圆二色、拉曼、核磁共振光谱等)在G-四链体结构研究领域的最新进展。同时,对本组利用这些光谱技术研究G-四链体DNA酶的相关工作也一并介绍。     

利用液体核磁共振技术解析核酸四链体结构（英文）

富含G碱基的DNA和RNA序列能够形成四股的G-四链体.基于液体核磁共振波谱在G-四链体结构、动力学、相互作用研究中的核心地位,该综述详细回顾阐述了G-四链体结构和相互作用研究中的核磁共振方法、技术和进展.     

利用液体核磁共振技术解析核酸四链体结构

富含G 碱基的DNA 和RNA 序列能够形成四股的G-四链体．基于液体核磁共振波谱在G-四链体结构、动力学、相互作用研究中的核心地位,该综述详细回顾阐述
了G-四链体结构和相互作用研究中的核磁共振方法、技术和进展．     

单个人类端粒重复序列d(TTAGGG)对长链端粒DNA-d[AGGG(TTAGGG)_6]结构影响的研究（英文）

本文使用超速离心沉降速度法、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和圆二色光谱和紫外吸收检测熔融实验研究了长序列端粒DNA-d[AGGG(TTAGGG)_6](G_6-DNA)的结构以及单个重复序列DNA-d(TTAGGG)(G_(01)-DNA)对G_6-DNA结构的影响.结果表明G_6-DNA可以在水溶液中形成二聚体,并且G_(01)-DNA可以通过与G_6-DNA结合形成额外的G-四链体结构,从而改变单体与二聚体的平衡.然而,G_(01)-DNA对序列为d[AGGG(TTAGGG)_3](G_3-DNA)的结构没有影响.该研究为长序列单链端粒DNA的结构多样性提供了新的见解.     

靶向肿瘤因子c-MYC基因启动区G4-DNA的小分子药物设计及核磁共振研究进展

肿瘤基因MYC在人类70%癌细胞中高表达,抑制其转录是治疗肿瘤的有效手段.c-MYC启动子区P1近端的核酸酶超敏元件Ⅲ₁(NHE Ⅲ₁)控制MYC基因近90%的转录激活.NHE Ⅲ₁区域富含碱基G序列并且形成G-四链体(G4),调控c-MYC基因转录,是抗肿瘤药物靶标.但G4-DNA和G4-RNA的三维结构高度相似,小分子与其他G4(如端粒G4、mRNA G4、c-Kit G4等)的非特异性作用会产生小分子药物“脱靶”效应,同时小分子药物会诱导其他G4形成从而干扰正常细胞的功能,造成靶向c-MYC G4抗癌药物设计困难.本文综述了近些年靶向肿瘤因子c-MYC G4-DNA的小分子药物研究进展,及核磁共振(NMR)技术在G4-DNA和G4-RNA结构确定中的作用,为靶向c-MYC G4-DNA的小分子药物设计等相关研究工作提供参考.     

两种肉桂酸肟酯衍生物的合成及其与人血清白蛋白的结合

以间甲氧基肉桂酸、对位取代的苯甲醛为原料,设计合成了2种未见报道的肉桂酸肟酯类衍生物,并用MS、IR、1H NMR、13C NMR进行结构表征。采用分子对接技术和荧光光谱法、紫外-可见光谱法、位点竞争法研究了2种衍生物分别和人血清白蛋白(HSA)相结合的机理。通过Stern-Volmer方程等处理荧光猝灭相关数据得到了衍生物与HSA相互作用的结合常数和热力学参数。结合紫外-可见光谱对两种衍生物与HSA的相互作用进行了进一步的分析,结果表明在体外生理条件下,衍生物都可以与HSA结合,对HSA内源荧光产生静态猝灭并对其构象产生影响,其主要的结合力为氢键和范德华力。位点竞争实验表明衍生物与HSA相互作用都发生在Sudlow site 1(亚域ⅡA)处。以上实验结果均验证了分子模拟对实验的预测。     

单个人类端粒重复序列d(TTAGGG)对长链端粒DNA-d[AGGG(TTAGGG)6]结构影响的研究

本文使用超速离心沉降速度法、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和圆二色光谱和紫外吸收检测熔融实验研究了长序列端粒DNA-d[AGGG(TTAGGG)₆](G₆-DNA)的结构以及单个重复序列DNA-d(TTAGGG)(G₀₁-DNA)对G₆-DNA结构的影响. 结果表明G₆-DNA可以在水溶液中形成二聚体,并且G₀₁-DNA可以通过与G₆-DNA结合形成额外的G-四链体结构,从而改变单体与二聚体的平衡. 然而,G₀₁-DNA对序列为d[AGGG(TTAGGG)₃](G₃-DNA)的结构没有影响. 该研究为长序列单链端粒DNA的结构多样性提供了新的见解.     

三种肉桂酰胺衍生物的制备及其与人血清白蛋白的结合

基于临床上肉桂酰胺类药物的广泛应用及优异性能, 以间羟基肉桂酸为母体, 分别与不同氨基酸反应, 设计合成了3种未见报道的肉桂酰胺类衍生物, 并用MS、IR、¹H NMR、¹³C NMR进行结构表征.采用分子对接技术和荧光光谱法、同步荧光光谱法、紫外-可见光谱法共同研究了3种衍生物分别和人血清白蛋白(HSA)相结合的机理.AutoDock对接显示, 这3种衍生物结合在HSA亚结构域ⅡA(即site Ⅰ)的疏水腔内, 维系衍生物与HSA的主要作用力为氢键和范德华力, 同时还存在着疏水作用.光谱实验结果表明, 在体外生理条件下, 衍生物都与HSA形成复合物, 对HSA内源荧光产生静态猝灭, 且对其构象产生影响.根据不同温度下的热力学函数, 确定主要作用力均是氢键和范德华力.分子对接与实验获得了一致的结果.     

用全内反射瞬逝场照明磁镊研究Bloom解旋G-四联体

G-四联体(G-quadruplex,G4)是广泛存在于细胞基因组中的一种DNA结构,在DNA的代谢如复制、转录、同源重组等过程中起重要作用.G4解旋酶近年来受到广泛研究,其中Bloom(BLM)解旋酶的研究已经相当丰富,但仍有一些基本问题不清楚.我们应用全内反射瞬逝场照明磁镊对BLM解旋G4的动力学过程进行了深入研究,观察到了BLM解旋G4的分步过程.相对于单分子荧光共振能量转移技术而言,借助磁镊的长时间观测性能,我们在近饱和三磷酸腺苷(ATP)浓度的实验体系中观察到BLM长时间反复解开G4或者长时间维持G4于打开状态的两种作用方式.最后,使用相同的实验条件做了单分子荧光共振能量转移实验,确定了加载2-3 pN的外力对BLM解旋G4没有显著影响.     

Fluorescence-Enhanced Potassium Ions Detection Based on Inherent Quenching Ability of Deoxyguanosines and K<Superscript>+</Superscript>-Induced Conformational Transition of G-Rich ssDNA from Duplex to G-Quadruplex Structures

Herein, we develop a novel single fluorophore-labeled double-stranded oligonucleotide (OND) probe for rapid fluorescence-enhanced K⁺ detection, based on an inherent quenching ability of guanine bases and G-rich OND conformation transition from duplex to G-quadruplex. This probe presents high sensitivity and good selectivity for the detection of K⁺, and the assay process is simple and fast.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.