锰掺杂硫化锌量子点磷光探针对蜂蜜中四环素类抗生素残留的高灵敏检测

通过水合法合成了L-半胱氨酸修饰的锰掺杂硫化锌量子点(Mn∶ZnS QDs)。利用四环素类抗生素(Tetracyclines,TCs)对锰掺杂硫化锌量子点磷光激发光的內滤效应建立蜂蜜中TCs残留的快速、高灵敏检测方法。TCs在Mn∶ZnS QDs磷光最佳激发波长289 nm处有较强的紫外吸收,当Mn∶ZnS QDs体系中存在TCs时,激发光一定程度地被TCs吸收,磷光信号减弱。本研究以强力霉素(Doxycycline,DTC)为代表,建立Mn∶ZnS QDs磷光信号与DTC浓度的线性关系,进而实现对DTC的定量检测。结果表明,在优化条件下,Mn∶ZnS QDs磷光信号减小值的自然对数与DTC浓度在0.05～150μmol·L^-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性方程为lnP₀/P=0.01758C(DTC)+0.01351(R²=0.999),检出限为0.009 7μmol·L^-1。同时,对实际样品蜂蜜做了加标回收率实验,回收率为92.4%～110%。本研究建立的Mn∶ZnS QDs磷光探针用于TCs残留...     

新的极谱催化体系连续测定岩溶地下水中钨和钼

钨、钼-二苯基乙醇酸-2,2′-联吡啶-钛铁试剂连测体系还未见报道。本文提出了在0.05mol/L的硫酸中,钨与二苯基乙醇酸,2,2′-联吡啶的络合物在-0.79V(vs.SEC)产生一个极其灵敏的极谱催化波,测定完钨后,加入少量钛铁试剂测定钼。钼于-0.20V(vis.SEC)处产生极灵敏的阴极化导数波,波形尖锐对称,易于测量。采用此种连测体系,钨钼的灵敏度都可满足要求,钨和钼的检出限分别为0.004、0.01μg/L。确定最佳条件和拟定了不经分离富集直接测定岩溶地下水中痕量钨和钼的方法。此外还对极谱波性质进行了探讨,讨论了阴、阳离子表面活性物质对极谱催化波的作用机理。     

聚乙烯醇增溶锡-二甲酚橙高灵敏显色反应体系测定痕量锡的研究

建立了用二甲酚橙作为显色剂直接测定痕量锡的新方法 ,锡与二甲酚橙在pH 3 5时形成的络合物 ,加入聚乙烯醇使稳定性大大提高 ,实验条件下显色络合物的最大吸收峰位于 5 4 4nm处 ,表观摩尔吸光系数ε =4 38× 10 5,线性范围为Sn 0 1～ 5 μg· (2 5mL) - 1 ,回收率为 97 4 %～ 10 1 1%。此方法选择性好、灵敏度高、操作简单 ,此方法用于分析水样中的微量锡 ,结果令人满意。     

A Novel Fluorescent Probe for the Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of Palladium in Aqueous Medium

Based on the Pd⁰-catalyzed Tsuji-Trost allylic oxidative insertion reaction, we developed a fluorescent probe PdL1 for sensing Pd⁰. As expected, probe PdL1 exhibited high selectivity and excellent sensitivity in both absorbance and fluorescence detection of Pd⁰ in CH₃CH₂OH/PBS (10 mM, pH = 7.4, 6:4, v/v) solution. The detection limit was calculated to be as low as 15 nM, which can meet the selective requirements for practical application.     

热氢原子碰撞导致的CO2(v3)的高振动激发

用时间分辨-傅里叶变换红外发射光谱研究了热的氢原子与C02分子间高效率的平动—振动(T—V)能传递．热的氢原子由ArF激光光解H2S得到，这种氢原子的平动能为223kJ／mo1。实验中观察到了从2130cm^-1到2400cm^-1的红外发射谱带，它归属于高振动激发的CO2分子的非对称伸缩振动(v3)．对这一发射谱带的光谱拟合显示CO2的非对称伸缩振动被激发到了较高的振动态，振动量子数达到了v=7。并且有5580cm^-1的能量经传能过程由氢原子到达了CO2的v3模。实验条件下氢原子与C02的T—V传能效率为0.30。实验结果与Schatz等人的用3D半经典计算预测的碰撞截面符合的很好．     

Kinetic Study of the Emission of the First Negative System in an Argon-Nitrogen Plasma at Atmospheric Pressure

Quantitative optical spectroscopy measurements of the emission spectra of the N(B²∑_u,)ν′→X²∑_gν″ transition (first negative system) in an Ar-N₂ microwave discharge at atmospheric pressure have allowed determination of the rate coefficient of the production of N molecules in the B² ∑_u, state with vibrational level ν′ = 0. The N(B²∑_u, ν′) molecules are produced by the reaction in a surface-wave-induced microwave discharge (2450 MHz) sustained in an open-ended dielectric tube. The rate coefficient K (T) has been obtained for ν′ν″ = 0 for different gas temperatures by varying the incident microwave power. The K₀₀(T) values are between 7.10^?10 and 4.10^?10 cm³ s^?1 for the temperature range 2500 to 3450K.     

Plasmonic Field Enhancement by Metallic Subwave Lattices on Silicon in the Near-Infrared Range

JETP Letters - The enhancement of the electric field in plasmonic nanostructures on a Si substrate in the near-infrared range is studied theoretically. Two-dimensional square arrays of circular...     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定粤东第一温泉中钾、钠、钙、锰和锌

用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定粤东第一温泉源头水中的钾、钠、钙、锰和锌。测定结果为 :钾 2 .5 5 4mg/ L、钠 2 4 2 .0 mg/ L、钙 74 .4 0 mg/ L、锰 1 .0 78mg/ L、锌 0 .96 0 0 mg/ L,RSD1 .2 1 %— 2 .5 6 %,回收率 98.3%— 1 0 1 .1 %。     

Non-Thermal Effects of Microwave Oven Heating on Ground Beef Meat Studied in the Mid-Infrared Region by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

The effects of cooking by microwave oven on the secondary structure of lipid and protein contents in bovine ground beef were investigated in the midinfrared region by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to highlight the nonthermal effects of microwave oven heating. Samples of bovine ground beef were cooked in a conventional electric oven at the temperature of 175°C for 15 min and in a microwave oven at 800 W for 1½ min. Spectra analyses of bovine meat after cooking in the conventional oven evidenced a relevant increase in intensity of the carbonyl band at 1742 cm^?1 and of the methylene group at 2921 and 2853 cm^?1 that can be attributed to the Maillard reaction. In contrast, the increase in intensity of these bands after microwave oven heating was less than that which occurred after conventional cooking, showing that the temperature in ground beef meat samples during microwave heating was less than that induced by conventional heating. Spectral analysis in the amide I, II, and III regions showed that a significant increase in intensity occurred in the region from 1660 to 1675 cm^?1 and around 1695, 1635, 1575, and 988 cm^?1 after cooking by means of a microwave oven. These features, which can be attributed to β-turns and β-sheet structures, are characteristic of disorder processes in meat protein contents and increasing transition dipole coupling due to higher contents in aggregated β-sheet structures. This result highlighted nonthermal effects of microwave oven heating in the protein's secondary structure.     

聚焦光在单轴晶体中的感应磁化

运用矢量衍射理论,分析了高度聚焦的圆偏振激光脉冲在具有逆法拉第效应的单轴晶体中产生的感应磁化分布.详细研究了界面位置不同对磁化分布的影响,比较了小双折射效应的单轴晶体中的磁化分布与均匀介质中的磁化分布.计算结果发现:随着界面向透镜移动,磁化强度的最大值和磁化斑的最小值位置沿着光轴方向移动.在单轴晶体中的磁化强度大于在均...     

聚焦光在单轴晶体中的感应磁化

运用矢量衍射理论,分析了高度聚焦的圆偏振激光脉冲在具有逆法拉第效应的单轴晶体中产生的感应磁化分布.详细研究了界面位置不同对磁化分布的影响,比较了小双折射效应的单轴晶体中的磁化分布与均匀介质中的磁化分布.计算结果发现:随着界面向透镜移动,磁化强度的最大值和磁化斑的最小值位置沿着光轴方向移动.在单轴晶体中的磁化强度大于在均匀介质中的磁化强度.但是,在单轴晶体中的磁化斑的大小比在均匀介质中的小.描述单轴晶体各向异性的光磁常量与各向同性的光磁常量的比值愈大,磁化强度愈大,磁化斑愈小.     

激光通信中大气闪烁引起探测噪声的计算机模拟

大气瑞流效应是光通信系统中不可忽视的一个重要问题，主要表现为大气闪烁，光束抖动、光束漂移等，这些现象都给探测系统带来附加噪声，使系统的接收灵敏度下降，本文主要讨论激光大气传输中强度闪烁效应（大气闪烁效应）的理论基础，以及强度闪烁的计算机模拟。     

一阶导数分光光度法测定汽油中共轭二烯烃

本文应用共轭双烯在酸性介质中，可以使磷钼酸铵还原成磷钼蓝的反应，建立了测定汽油中共轭双烯烃含量的一阶导数分光光度法。该方法的相对标准偏差≤4．1％，加标回收率为96．2％－105．0％，与气相色谱法进行对照实验，两方法测定结果相吻合。     

Rapid, Sensitive and Highly Selective (15)N Analysis of (15)N Enriched Nitrite in Water Samples and Soil Extracts by Nitric Oxide Production and CF-QMS Measurement

Abstract Nitrite is a very important intermediate in many microbiological N transformations in soils and water. The stable isotope (15)N is often used to investigate these processes. The determination of (15)N in low concentrations of nitrite in the presence of large concentrations of nitrate is very difficult. Methods used so far for the isotope analysis of nitrite are unsatisfactory, because the nitrite must be calculated as the difference between nitrate plus nitrite and nitrate alone. More useful are mehods by which the nitrite is selectively converted into a chemical form that is suitable for (15)N analysis and that is free from interference from other N species, particularly nitrate. Using this principle in the present study we developed a method where the nitrite is reduced to nitric oxide by iodide in acid medium. This reaction is fast and quantitative, and the (15)N abundance of NO can be precisely measured by continuous flow mass spectrometry. This method is used for samples from tracer experiments with artificially enriched nitrogen 15. Therefore, the use of simple quadrupole mass spectrometers directly linked to the reaction unit is possible with sufficient precision (Reaction-Continuous Flow Quadrupole Mass Spektrometry-RCFQMS). Using the technique developed sample volumes up to 10ml containing at least 1.0 μg nitrite-N (0, 1 μg/ml) with a (15)N abundance of ? 0.42 at.% gave a precision of RSD ? ± 3%.     

Volume Heating of a Vertical Air Column by Microwave Radiation in the Atmospheric Absorption Line

Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics - We propose a method of volume heating of a vertical air column by the vertically directed microwave radiation at the frequency of the spectral...     

Rearrangement of the Structure of Paratellurite Crystals in a Near-Surface Layer Caused by the Migration of Charge Carriers in an External Electric Field

The process of formation of surface structures in a paratellurite crystal (α-TeO₂) in an external electric field has been studied by in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. This process is reversible and its dynamics (duration of tens of minutes) corresponds to the formation of a screening layer near the insulator–metal interface owing to the counter migration of oxygen ions and vacancies in the external electric field. The formation of domains has been observed in the experiment as the broadening and splitting of the XRD curve and is explained by mechanical stresses that appear in the high electric field near the surface in view of the piezoelectric effect and are responsible for a ferroelectric α–β phase transition. A change in the lattice parameter near the anode (surface of the crystal with a positive external charge) has been detected simultaneously. This change is due to the local rearrangement of the crystal structure because of the inflow of oxygen ions in this region and outflow of oxygen vacancies.     

一阶导数分光光度法测定蜂胶保健品中黄酮的探导

用一阶导数分光光度法测定了蜂胶保健品中黄酮。以芦丁为对照品，测定了蜂胶保健品中总黄酮总量。芦丁浓度在0－20mg/L内，一阶导数值与其浓度具有良好的线性关系，其回归方程为y=-0.00061-0.0065x,相关系数r=0.9998。方法简便、快速、准确。