Ag／SiO2催化剂上气相合成3-甲基吲哚

考察了Ag/SiO2催化剂对常压下苯胺和1,2-丙二醇气相合成3-甲基吲哚的催化活性.当Ag/SiO2在500℃焙烧4h并且反应中水蒸气与氢气摩尔比为0.750时,3-甲基吲哚的收率可达35%.X射线衍射结果表明,具有银微晶的Ag/SiO2催化剂有利于3-甲基吲哚的合成。     

吲哚碳菁染料的合成及其光谱特性的研究

将(未)确定的1-(3'-磺酸丙基)2,3,3-三甲基吲哚啉内盐与原乙酸三乙酯在吡啶或酸酐中回流合成了五个氮原子上带有磺酸丙基的取代吲哚碳菁染料. 这些染料和杂环氮原子上带有烷基取代的吲哚碳菁相比, 它们具有较高的熔点, 在极性溶剂中具有较高的溶解度. 这些染料的最大吸收值在540～580nm之间, 并具有较高的消光系数(1～2×10^5L·mol·cm^-^1) .     

Brφnsted酸性离子液体[HSO_3-bpy][HSO_4]催化合成β-吲哚酮

以Brφnsted酸性离子液体[HSO3-bpy][HSO4]为催化剂,将吲哚或取代吲哚与α,β-不饱和酮在乙腈中于80℃下反应3 h,以92%～98%的产率制备了一系列的β-吲哚酮.该方法简便易行且产率高.催化剂离子液体对环境友好,并可循环使用.     

生物碱Actinophyllic Acid三环中间体的不对称合成

以(S)-3-(2,2-二甲基-5-(3-甲基-1H-吲哚-2-基)-1,3-二氧杂环己烷-5-基)吡咯烷-2-酮为原料,经吡咯烷酮还原开环、串联的氢化脱保护/分子内还原胺化反应等关键步骤,合成了吲哚生物碱actinophyllic acid的A/B/C环手性中间体(S)-3-(2-(2-氯乙酰氨基)-2′,2′-二甲基-1,2,3,4,5,7-六氢螺[氮杂环辛烷并[4,3-b]吲哚-6,5′-[1,3]二氧杂环己烷]-5-基)-3-丙酮酸甲酯（9）; 9可在氧化条件下转化为A/B/G环中间体(S)-7-(2-(2-氯乙酰氨基)乙基)-2′,2′-二甲基-8-氧代-7,8-二氢-5-H-螺[环庚烯并[b]吲哚-6,5′-[1,3]二氧杂环己烷]-9-甲酸酯（10）。该合成路线涉及9个新化合物,其结构经¹H NMR,¹³C NMR, 2D NMR和LC-MS(ESI)表征。     

BrΦnsted酸性离子液体[HSO3-bpy][HSO4]催化合成β-吲哚酮

以BrΦnsted酸性离子液体[HSO3-bpy][HSO4]为催化剂, 将吲哚或取代吲哚与α,β-不饱和酮在乙腈中于80 ℃下反应3 h, 以92%～98%的产率制备了一系列的β-吲哚酮. 该方法简便易行且产率高. 催化剂离子液体对环境友好, 并可循环使用.     

2-吲哚酮和5-甲基-2-吲哚酮的无溶剂法制备

以苯胺和氯乙酰氯为原料在NaOH存在下酰化合成N-氯乙酰基苯胺,然后N-氯乙酰基苯胺在无水AICI,催化下环化合成2-吲哚酮．对由N-氯乙酰基苯胺合成2-吲哚酮的工艺条件进行了改进．结果表明合成2-吲哚酮的最佳条件为：反应温度为220℃,反应时间为60min,加料时温度为180℃,N-氯乙酰基苯胺与氯化钠,无水AlCl3的重量比为1：1：5．5．改进后的合成2-吲哚酮收率达到88．3％,纯度99％,收率比原工艺提高了24．6％．在此基础上,还合成了5-甲基-2-吲哚酮,并得到其最佳条件为：反应温度为190℃,反应时间为30min,加料时温度为180℃,4-甲基-N-氯乙酰基苯胺与氯化钠,无水AlCl3的重量比为1：1：5．5,收率达到83．1％,纯度为99％．     

Heck反应一锅法合成3-乙氧羰基-2-甲基吲哚的研究

吲哚以其独特的化学结构使其衍生出的化合物都具有独特的生理活性,它们在医药、农药、香料、色氨酸等领域发挥着重要的作用,是一类非常重要的杂环类精细化工中间体。因此,长久以来发展简单、通用,特别是具有区域选择性的方法合成吲哚类化合物一直吸引了人们的研究兴趣[1]。在已经发展起来的合成吲哚类化合物的许多方法中,Heck反应[2],即Pd催化卤代物与烯烃构筑碳碳键的方法,由于其温和的反应条件和广泛的官能团相容性,已经成为合成吲哚及其衍生物采用最多的方法[3]。早在1984年,Suzuki[4]就报道合成了化合物3-乙氧羰基-2-甲基吲哚,其是由…     

5-[(3-吲哚基)-甲基]-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二噁烷-4,6-二酮衍生物的高效合成

在分子碘作用下,以吲哚、醛和2,2-二甲基-1,3-二噁烷-4,6-二酮为原料,通过三组分缩合反应合成了10种5-[(3-吲哚基)-甲基]-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二噁烷-4,6-二酮衍生物。 当催化剂的用量为5%(摩尔分数)时,30 ℃反应60~90 min,收率为71.4%~97.3%。 此外,还探讨了分子碘的催化机理。     

超声波辐射下β-吲哚衍生物的合成

在超声波下以吲哚、芳香醛、丙二酸亚异丙酯为原料一锅法合成了β-吲哚衍生物——5-[(3-吲哚基)．芳甲基]-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧六环4,6-二酮,其结构经IR和1H NMR确认。     

3-仲氨基氧杂环丁烷-3-腈衍生物的合成

以仲胺、氧杂环丁-3-酮和三甲基氰硅烷为原料,无水甲醇为溶剂,无需催化剂,一步反应合成目标化合物3-仲氨基氧杂环丁烷-3-腈衍生物（1a~1d）,产物结构经1H NMR和ESI-MS表征。并以异吲哚啉、氧杂环丁-3-酮和三甲基氰硅烷的反应为模型反应,考察影响产物1a收率的主要因素,确定最佳反应条件为：物料摩尔比为n（异吲哚啉）: n（氧杂环丁-3-酮）: n（三甲基氰硅烷）= 2.0 : 1 : 2.5;反应溶剂为无水甲醇,在65 ℃反应6 h。在最佳反应条件下,化合物1a收率78.3 %。对于目标化合物的应用进行了研究,发现化合物1a与苯基溴化镁在四氢呋喃溶剂中,室温反应5 h,得到2-(3-苯基氧杂环丁烷-3-基)异吲哚啉（4）和 [3-(异吲哚啉-2-基) 氧杂环丁烷-3-基](苯基)甲酮（5）,收率分别为40.1 %和31.5 %。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.