基于格子Boltzmann方法的两液滴相溶模拟

原多组分Shan-Chen模型在模拟气液流动时受到密度比的限制,经过测试,该模型在模拟气液流动时最大密度比为50左右。本文提出了利用改进后的多组分Shan-Chen模型模拟密度比为175的两液滴相溶,模拟结果与实验结果相符。     

非挥发性溶质溶液两相问题的格子Boltzmann方法

溶液的气液两相体系广泛存在于工程问题中。由于其多组分和多相态以及组分之间相互作用的复杂性,用传统数值方法进行研究较为困难。该文提出了一种适用于非挥发性物质稀溶液的气液两相问题的格子Boltzmann方法。在Shan-Chen多组分格子Boltzmann模型的基础上,引入溶质与溶剂粒子间的作用力,建立了合理的作用力模型,完成了对溶液气液两相体系的数值模拟。模拟出了溶质的非挥发性以及表面非活性物质溶液的表面性质。表面吸附及表面张力的计算结果与相应理论公式符合很好。     

埋地输油管道两相泄漏过程的格子Boltzmann模型

埋地输油管道易发生腐蚀泄漏,同时伴随着巨大的能源损失,并且对管道周围环境造成污染。根据格子Boltzmann方法的并行运算能力强、算法简单、编程容易等特点,针对埋地输油管道两相泄漏过程中流体流动特征以及两相流体间的相互作用,建立埋地输油管道两相泄漏过程的格子Boltzmann模型,并进行格子Boltzmann算法数值计算前期准备工作,确定数值计算步骤及终止准则。     

假塑性流体液滴撞击壁面上的铺展的格子Boltzmann模拟

流体液滴在壁面上的铺展与沉积在工业应用中存在广泛应用,研究非牛顿流体特性对液滴铺展的影响具有重要的实际意义。基于相场法建立了非牛顿幂律流体与牛顿流体的两相流格子Boltzmann模型,引入包括接触角影响的边界条件,模拟了假塑性流体在幂律指数（n）0.5~1.0以及韦伯数（We）5~45时液滴撞击壁面的铺展过程。结果表明：相对于牛顿流体,幂律流体的非牛顿特性会抑制液滴的铺展,且n越小,越有利于液滴沉积。此外,韦伯数越大,液滴越快地达到稳定。     

用格子Boltzmann方法模拟正弦曲线底边方腔内流动

采用格子Boltzmann方法数值模拟正弦曲线底边方腔内流动, 分析了格子Boltzmann方法处理曲线边界的特性.在曲线边界的处理中采用二阶精度的曲线边界处理方法, 将反弹格式和内插法相结合, 计算方法可靠、准确且易于执行.计算了流线图、等涡线图和涡心位置, 并分析了流场随Re数的变化.     

液桥重开过程的两相格子Boltzmann模型及计算

根据最近提出并发展的相场格子Boltzmann方法,建立了阻塞气道重开过程的不混溶两相流动模型和计算方法。基于自由能理论、引入指示函数对两相流体界面进行描述,指示函数的演化遵循Cahn-Hilliard方程,具有坚实的物理基础;通过压力分布函数对流场信息进行求解,可有效降低密度梯度离散所诱发的数值不稳定性;引入势能形式的界面张力项,与压力形式的相比可有效抑制界面处的假拟速度。应用该模型对液桥重开的两相流动过程进行了数值研究,并着重分析了毛细数对阻塞液桥演化过程的影响,结果表明,阻塞液桥的轴向厚度变化存在临界毛细数现象,当毛细数大于临界值时,阻塞液桥的轴向厚度随时间逐渐减小,最终发生破裂,实现气道的重开;利用该模型重现了无液滴和有液滴形成的两种气道重开现象,对比研究发现,在无液滴形成的气道重开过程中,壁面经历的压力变化更大。研究工作可为深入认识人体肺气道的生理病理机制、微通道内不混溶两相流体的流动规律提供一定的理论依据。     

基于CUDA的格子Boltzmann数值模拟加速实现

针对近年来利用CUDA技术在个人计算机显卡的GPU上实现LBM并行加速计算的研究越来越多,但对在GPU中使用不同GPU存储器进行计算的具体实现算法以及其对计算性能的影响分析研究甚少,文章实现了在GPU中使用不同存储器进行IBM并行计算,给出了具体的实现算法,并以平面Poiseuille流为算例,在普通个人计算机上,分别使用NVIDIA GeForce GTS 450 GPU和Intel Core i5-760 4核CPU进行计算.结果表明,两者计算结果吻合得很好,最高获得了约107倍的加速比,验证了在GPU上进行LBM并行计算的可行性以及加速性能,为在低成本的个人计算机上高效率地解决计算流体力学中的复杂计算问题提供了一种非常有效的途径.     

Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性的格子Boltzmann数值模拟

为了探寻研究Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM)不稳定性的新方法,采用耦合双分布函数格子Boltzmann方法(LBM),对激波作用下两种不同密度流体交界面的演化过程进行了数值模拟研究,着重讨论了RM不稳定性的行程和演化特征,给出了交界面的扰动增长率的变化规律,同时还研究了激波强度对扰动振幅的影响.结果表明:由于受RM不稳定性的影响,两种不同密度流体的交界面上,重流体演化成尖顶结构,而轻流体演化成气泡结构,最终由于斜压效应重流体的尖顶转变成蘑菇头形状;交界面扰动增长率与Zhang-Sohn模型较吻合;激波强度越大,扰动振幅增长率越高.研究表明所提的方法可以用于RM不稳定性的研究,有望成为两相流研究的新途径.     

液滴撞击液膜喷溅过程的LBM模拟

气液两相流动现象广泛存在于自然界和工程应用中,而液滴撞击液膜后产生喷溅的过程则是这一类问题的典型代表.采用格子Boltzmann方法（LBM）对上述过程进行了数值模拟.采用基于“单相”（single-phase）模型的LB两相流方法计算得到了3组Reynolds数（Re）和Weber数（We）组合下液滴撞击液膜后所产生的3种效应.结果表明,随着We数和Re数的不断增大,液滴撞击液膜后将产生铺展、喷溅以及喷溅并伴有小液滴脱落等不同现象,计算所得的结果与实验及理论分析的结果相吻合,表明了LBM研究气液两相流动问题的可行性.     

用格子Boltzmann方法模拟正弦曲线底边方腔内流动

采用格子Boltzmann方法数值模拟正弦曲线底边方腔内 流动, 分析了格子Boltzmann方法处理曲线边界的特性. 在曲线边界的处理中采用二阶精度的曲线边界处理方法, 将反弹格式和内插法相结合, 计算方法可靠、 准确且易于执行. 计算了流线图、 等涡线图和涡心位置, 并分析了流场随Re数的变化.     

二维方腔内热表面张力流的格子Boltzmann方法模拟

热表面张力驱动的对流是微重力下浮区法晶体生长中熔体最重要的物质与热输运方式。采用单松弛双分布函数格子Boltzmann模型,自主开发了相应的格子Boltzmann方法的串行和MPI并行程序包,并应用该程序包对开口方腔内流体的二维热表面张力对流进行了数值模拟研究。其中串行程序合并碰撞迁移过程和引入临时数组以连续读入分布函数,相比分开碰撞迁移过程,计算性能提高了二倍;在此基础上,采用单向计算区域分区和非阻塞通信模式,实现了MPI版格子Boltzmann并行程序包开发。对比基于传统有限体积法CFD程序计算结果表明,串行和MPI并行版格子Boltzmann程序包计算结果精确可靠;并行程序具有较好的性能。     

方法对于大粘度差两相流的模拟

为了模拟具有大粘度差的两相流,对Boltzmann(LB)方法中的伪势多组分模型进行了改进.伪势模型将粒子作用力转化为速度形式,再将其引入离散的LB方程.改进模型把力的添加形式变为将力离散处理后,引入离散的LB方程中,以此提高数值计算的稳定性.该模型能够比原伪势模型得到更小的虚假速度和更大的粘度差.通过对沥青-水的大粘度差两相流体和粘性指进现象的模拟,验证了改进模型的正确性和有效性.该模型具有较好的适用性,它能模拟的两相流体最大粘度差可达到4 510倍.     

Application of the lattice Boltzmann method to electrohydrodynamics： Deformation and instability of liquid drops in electrostatic fields

It is attractive and meaningful to apply the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) to electrohydrodynamic (EHD) problems. As an important and fundamental problem in EHD, the behavior of freely-suspended liquid drops subjected to electrostatic fields was simulated with a 2-D LBM by means of the permittiv- ity-density relation proposed by the authors and Peng’s multiphase LBM which can obtain high liquid-to-vapor density ratio and low liquid-phase compressibility. The phenomena and laws of deformation, especially the instable behavior of the liquid drops were well simulated. And two important critical parameters, i.e. the critical permittivity ratio and the critical electric-field strength were obtained. These results agree with the corresponding theories and experiments. The simulations show the particular advantages and potential of the LBM in studying multiphase electrohydrodynamic problems.     

Simulation of mesoscale interfacial properties using the lattice Boltzmann method

We derive the mesoscopic interparticle potentials from macroscopic thermodynamics for van der Waals, Redlich-Kwong, and Redlich-Kwong-Soave equations of state and find that all these potentials are very similar to the Lennard-Jones potential. To in-vestigate the interfacial property at the mesoscale level, we incorporate free energy functions into the single-component multiphase lattice Boltzmann model and obtain the saturated density coexistence curves and interface mass density profiles across the interface using this method with different equations of state. The simulation results accurately reproduce the properties of equilibrium thermodynamics. Numerical results for single-component phase transitions indicate that a bubble-growth process is obtained and the equilibrium phase diagram is achieved at a given temperature. Bulk free energy, the interfacial energy coefficient, and other properties of nonequilibrium thermodynamic parameters, which are used to examine interfacial properties, are obtained in these simulations, and all these parameters are found to obey irreversible thermodynamics.     

Simulation of phase transition process using lattice Boltzmann method

A new lattice Boltzmann model based on SC model, is proposed to describe the liquid-vapor phase transitions. The new model is validated through the simulation of the one-component phase transition process. Compared with the simulation results of van der Waals gas and the Maxwell equal-area construction, the results of the new model have a better agreement with the analytical solutions than those of SC and Zhang models. Since the obtained temperature range and the maximum density ratio in this model are expanded, and the magnitude of maximum spurious current is only between those of SC and Zhang models, it is believed that this new model has better stability than SC and Zhang models. Consequently, the application scope of this new model is expanded compared with the existing phase transition models. According to the principle of the corresponding states in engineering thermodynamics, the simulations of ammonia and water phase transition process were implemented using this new model with different equations of state. Compared with the experimental data of ammonia and water, the results show that the Peng-Robinson is the best equation of state to describe the phase transition process of ammonia and water. Especially, the simulation results of ammonia with Peng-Robinson equation of state have an excellent agreement with its experimental data. Therefore these simulation results have a significant influence on the real engineering applications.     

用lattice Boltzmann方法模拟矩形竖腔内混合对流

用lattice Boltzmann方法(LBM)模拟了纵横比(高度与宽度之比)大于1的矩形竖腔内同时存在自然对流和强制对流的混合流动时流场与温度场分布.比较了不同雷诺数(Re)、瑞利数(Ra)下矩形腔的流场分布在不同纵横比时的特点,研究了这些参数值对混合对流换热的影响,提出混合对流存在时Re和Ra对流动和换热的影响可由Richardson数(Ri)综合反映,并得到在不同纵横比时平均Nusselt数(Nu)随Ra和Re的变化关系式.与常用的LBGK模型不同,用了LB力矩模型.     

Simulation of wind gust structure in the atmospheric boundary layer with Lattice Boltzmann Method

Cold fronts occur in northern East Asia during winter and spring.After cold frontal passage,airflow is downward and accompa-nying strong winds fluctuate significantly;this is termed wind gusts.Analysis of observation data shows that wind gust structure has coherent characteristics.This is important for entrainment of spring dust storms into the upper boundary layer,where they are transported great distances.The Lattice Boltzmann Method(LBM) is a computational fluid technique based on the Boltzmann transport equation.The LBM has been used to study complex motion such as turbulence,because it describes motion at the micro level.In this paper,Large eddy simulation is introduced in the LBM,enabling simulation of turbulent flow in the atmospheric boundary layer.The formation and development of wind gusts are simulated,and a coherent structure with a combination of wave and vortex is obtained.This explains the mechanism of soil erosion and sand entrainment by the coherent structure of wind gusts.