Measurement of electron swarm coefficients in C2F4-Xe and evidence of Penning ionization in C2F4-Ar

In this work, the coupled-channel optical method (CCOM) is implemented in a study of positron-rubidium (Rb) scattering at intermediate and high energies. The CCOM provides a realistic calculation for positron-atom scattering where the ab-initio optical potential accounts for the omitted continuum effect in the scattering system. The integral, positronium (Ps) formation and total cross sections are compared to experimental and other theoretical data where available.     

Isotopic features of the N p N n function for even-even isotope chains of Ni and Zn

Low-energy (0.04–3.0 MeV) neutron data for even-even ^58–64Ni and ^64–70Zn isotopes are analyzed in terms of the coupled channel optical model (CCOM) as a function of N _p N _n, where N _p(N _n) are the numbers of valent nucleons (particles or holes), and consider the relationship between the diffuseness parameter obtained from CCOM calculations and the value of the N _p N _n function. Considering the Ni and Zn isotope chains with the traditional magic number Z = 28 and the nontraditional N = 38 proves the existence of N = 28–38 subshells. The results from our analysis indicate the possible existence of the nontraditional magic nucleus ₃₀ ⁶⁸ Zn₃₈.     

Optical potential in the gas approximation

Using the gas approximation the optical potential is expressed as a function of the scattering matrix of nucleon-nucleon scattering. The formalism of Green functions is used. The imaginary part of the optical potential in nuclear matter is calculated for high energies using the experimental phase shifts. In addition, a calculation of the imaginary part is made using theS-wave part of the Tabakin potential.     

Elastic scattering of electrons by europium and ytterbium atoms

The method of relativistic optical potential is applied to studying elastic scattering of electrons by europium and ytterbium atoms in a wide range of collision energies up to 2 keV. The angular dependences of the scattering differential cross sections and the energy dependences of the scattering integral (total, elastic, momentum transfer, and viscosity) cross sections are calculated in both spin-polarized and spin-unpolarized approximations. It is shown that the spin-polarized approximation should be used to calculate the scattering cross sections at energies below 10 eV for a europium atom. The low-energy scattering of an electron by a europium atom is characterized by P-, D-, and F-wave shape resonances. For an ytterbium atom, the calculated cross sections are in good agreement with available experimental data and with those obtained by calculation in terms of the relativistic convergent close-coupling method.     

Shell-model approach to the nucleon elastic scattering by nuclei

On the basis of the shell-model approach to nuclear reactions the averaged scattering matrix is parametrized. The method is applied to the calculation of s-neutron strength functions. It is shown that in contrast to the optical model predictions the isotopic dependence of the strength function in its minimum (A ≈ 100?140) is mainly determined by the 3s-state spectroscopic factor.     

Boundary condition model for diffractive elastic scattering

Diffractive elastic scattering is studied by a boundary condition model that does not utilize a potential model.S-matrix elements are calculated and compared to those found from an optical potential model calculation. The unitarity of the model is related to the boundary condition imposed. A radially ingoing boundary condition is imposed on the wave function at one angle only, at a scattering angle of 180 °. This condition is required to hold in the vicinity of the nuclear radius, but not for all radii. Elastic scattering peaks at forward and backward angles are reproduced and discussed. The model is applied to composite particle scattering above the Coulomb barrier.     

Elastic π± scattering on 4He, 16C, 16O and 40Ca

A calculation of π⁺ and π^? elastic scattering in the resonance region by four spin-zero nuclei is presented. A non-static first order optical potential which includes binding corrections and short range correlations is used. The comparison with the experimental data shows rather good agreement at and above the resonance but elastic scattering at lower energies is largely overestimated. The calculated angular distributions are more sensitive to the variations of the rms radius than to variations of the surface thickness of the nucleus.     

Elastic scattering of6Li on12C at 20 MeV

The elastic scattering of lithium nuclei from carbon was measured atE _lab=20 MeV. The obtained angular distribution was fitted by an optical model calculation. Parameter sets and the corresponding transmission coefficients are given.     

Resonant raman scattering at the E1 energy gap of semiconductor crystals

We present a discussion of resonant Raman scattering by optical phonons at the E₁ energy gap of group IV and groups III–V compound semiconductor crystals (e.g., Ge and InSb). For allowed scattering by TO and LO phonons, the q-dependent “double resonant” two-band calculation of the Raman tensor may display destructive interference effects when the intermediate electron-hole pairs are uncorrelated. We also discuss the Franz-Keldysh mechanism of resonant electric field induced Raman scattering by LO phonons. The double resonance terms due to this mechanism will, for large electric fields, broaden and have its largest resonance enhancement at the energy gap.     

Optical properties and electronic structure of US

The optical properties of uranium sulphide single crystals have been determined for the first time. An excellent agreement is found between the structure in the optical spectrum and the results of a self-consistent cellular multiple scattering calculation. The results evidence that the 5? electrons form a resonance state at E_F and that the 5??6d coupling produces a dip in the 6d density of states near E_F which is responsible for many peculiar properties of US.     

基于快速蒙特卡罗的散射介质光学参量干涉测量方法研究

提出了一种散射介质光学参量的干涉测量方法. 在蒙特卡罗数值模拟的基础上引入聚焦高斯光源模型和基于比例缩放的压缩算法, 实现了对光子后向散射分布和干涉特性的快速模拟. 利用计算数据训练了前向人工神经网络进行了介质光学参量的反向求解. 实验中以脂肪乳注射剂和生物染色剂印度墨水组成的悬混液为样本, 通过光学干涉系统测量得到了后向散射光依赖于深度的干涉光强分布, 并对其中散射和吸收系数进行了反向计算. 所得结果能够正确反映散射和吸收系数与散射和吸收物质浓度之间的线性关系, 验证了该方法的可行性.     

Hot electron streaming and population inversion for polar and deformation scattering

Comparison of hot electron phenomena under polar (n-GaAs) and deformation (p-Ge) inelastic optical phonon scattering is made on the basis of analytical calculation and numerical simulation by the Monte-Carlo method. The difference in the character of drift velocity saturation in these materials is demonstrated. It is shown that population inversion of hot carriers in crossed E ⊥ B fields provides negative magnetoresistance and may give rise (in p-Ge) even to NDC. It is shown that in p-Ge in crossed fields overpopulation of the light hole band arises which can strongly affect J-E characteristics and can result in amplification of FIR radiation.     

Impulse-approximation correction in pion-nucleus optical potential

The local density approximation is used in this paper to calculate the first-order pion-nucleus optical potential. TheπN scattering matrix in nuclear medium is computed by employing separableπN scattering matrix. This nuclear-mediumπN scattering matrix, which includes impulse-approximation correction is then used to construct the pion-nucleus optical potential.π-¹²C elastic scattering results obtained by using this potential are compared with the impulse-approximation potential results.     

Pion-nuclear optical potential.s Wave scattering

Difficulties in the theoretical interpretation of thes wave phenomenological parameters of the pion-nuclear optical potential are considered. One-nucleon and two-nucleon parameters of such a potential for slow pion scattering are calculated. Uncertainties in the separation of the dispersive part of the potential into one- and two-nucleon contributions are discussed. It is shown that taking into account off-shell behaviour of the πN amplitude in the calculation of the two-nucleon parameters is important.     

大气泡散射的几何物理模型数值计算

米氏模型和德拜级数展开模型在气泡尺寸达到μm量级时不能很好地解释海水中大尺寸空泡的后向散射现象，计算速度较慢且容易溢出。提出使用几何物理光学模型解释大尺寸空泡的后向散射现象，给出了一种基于几何物理光学模型的球形大气泡散射特性的数值计算方法，并与德拜级数展开式进行了比较，计算结果基本吻合。该方法在计算大尺寸空泡的后向散射时不受微粒尺寸参数和折射率的限制，且避免了复杂的级数形式，与基于米散射理论或德拜级数展开的算法相比，具有更快的运算速度。最后给出了一些计算实例。     

Resonant Raman scattering in nanostructures with InGaAs/AlAs quantum dots

Raman scattering by optical phonons in In_xGa_{1 ? x} As/AlAs nanostructures with quantum dots has been studied experimentally for compositions corresponding to x = 0.3?1 under out-resonance conditions. Features due to scattering by GaAs-and InAs-like optical phonons in quantum dots have been detected, and the phonon frequencies have been determined as a function of the dot composition. With increasing excitation energy, a red shift is observed in the frequency of the GaAs-like phonon in quantum dots, which testifies to Raman scattering selective by the size of quantum dots. Under resonant conditions, multiphonon light scattering by optical and interface phonons is observed up to the third order, including overtones of the first-order phonons of InGaAs and AlAs materials and their combinations.     

Electron (positron) impact excitation (2p state) of lithium at intermediate energies

In this work, studies have been carried out to investigate theoretically the electron (positron)-impact-induced 2s → 2p lithium (Li) transition at 20 and 60 eV using the coupled-channel optical method (CCOM). The inelastic differential cross sections (DCS) together with the reduced Stokes parameters ( $\bar P_1$ , $\bar P_2$ , $\bar P_3$ ) and other parameters such as the alignment (γ, $\bar P_l$ ), orientation (L _⊥) and coherence parameters (P ⁺) are reported in the present calculations. Comparison is made with other available theoretical and experimental measurements.     

USING THE MULTIPLE SCATTERING THEORY FOR CALCULATION OF THE RADIATION FLUXES FROM EXPERIMENTAL AEROSOL DATA

The ground-based measurements of the spectral direct solar radiation fluxes and spectral sky radiances were basis for obtaining the aerosol characteristics such as columnar distribution function and effective refractive index, respectively. These characteristics were retrieved by a numerical solution of the inverse problem. The particle columnar size distribution function was chosen in the form of modified gamma distribution. The obtained aerosol parameters were utilized as input data for the multiple radiation scattering model (MRSM) to calculate the radiation fluxes. The dependence of calculation error of individual radiation characteristics (sky radiance, global and diffuse radiation) on a given number of terms NT (scattering orders) in the MRSM is studied. The NT necessary for successful calculation of radiation characteristics (for chosen accuracy) for actual atmospheric conditions is shown (aerosol optical properties were characterized, e.g., by spectral optical thickness). The approximate formulae for calculating the total sky radiances and total radiation fluxes, are find. Applying these formulae the value NT′ smaller than NT can be used for calculating radiation characteristics with the same accuracy. The scattering orders higher than NT′ are calculated on the basis of a known structure of previous scattering orders (1→NT′).