Spontaneous symmetry breaking in a relativistic statistical model with short-range vector interaction

Spontaneous symmetry breaking in a statistical system of particles with short-range vector interaction is examined using the self-consistent system of Vlasov-Proca equations.     

Spontaneous symmetry breaking in static Robertson-Walker space-time with background charge

The finite-temperature ⁴ theory of static Robertson-Walker (RW) space-time is extended to a case with background charge. In contrast to earlier work on static RW space-time, the curvature term is retained and its effect on the effective potential and phase transition are explicitly calculated. The spontaneous symmetry breaking aspects and its dependence on various factors are discussed.     

Sneutrino-antisneutrino mixing and neutrino mass in anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking scenario

In supersymmetric models with nonzero Majorana neutrino mass, the sneutrino and antisneutrino mix, which may lead to same-sign dilepton signals in future collider experiments. We point out that the anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking scenario has a good potential to provide an observable rate of such signals for the neutrino masses suggested by the atmospheric and solar neutrino oscillations. It is noted also that the sneutrino-antisneutrino mixing can provide much stronger information on some combinations of the neutrino masses and mixing angles than the neutrino experiments.     

Electromagnetic sources distributed on shells in a Schwarzschild background

In the Introduction we briefly recall our previous results on stationary electromagnetic fields on black hole backgrounds and the use of spin-weighted spherical harmonics. We then discuss static electric and magnetic test fields in a Schwarzschild background using some of these results. As sources we do not consider point charges or current loops like in previous works, rather, we analyze spherical shells with smooth electric or magnetic charge distributions as well as electric or magnetic dipole distributions depending on both angular coordinates. Particular attention is paid to the discontinuities of the field, of the 4-potential, and their relation to the source.     

The energy-momentum spectrum in local field theories with broken Lorentz-symmetry

Assuming locality of the observables and positivity of the energy it is shown that the joint spectrum of the energy-momentum operators has a Lorentz-invariant lower boundary in all superselection sectors. This result is of interest if the Lorentz-symmetry is (spontaneously) broken, such as in the charged sectors of quantum electrodynamics.     

Gauge and Yukawa mediated supersymmetry breaking in the triplet seesaw scenario

We propose a novel supersymmetric unified scenario of the triplet seesaw mechanism where the exchange of the heavy triplets generates both neutrino masses and soft supersymmetry breaking terms. Our framework is very predictive since it relates neutrino mass parameters, lepton-flavor-violation in the slepton sector, sparticle and Higgs spectra, and electroweak symmetry breakdown. The phenomenological viability and experimental signatures in lepton flavor-violating processes are discussed.     

Does a massive vector field imply spontaneous symmetry breaking?

Working in the classical tree approximation and for the Abelian case only we indicate the existence of converse routes to the Higgs mechanism. In particular, we show how a carefully formulated compatibility between gauge invariance and massiveness of a vector field leads to spontaneous breakdown of the local symmetry.     

Einstein vacuum field equations with a single non-null Killing vector

It is shown that, in the case where there is a single non-null Killing vector, the vacuum Einstein field equations imply that there is a Ricci collineation in the quotient 3-space. Using coordinates adapted to the collineation vector, we derive a fourth order partial differential equation involving the metric of the quotient 3-space and we show that if this equation is satisfied, the Ernst potential may be obtained by integrating a total Riccati equation and a straightforward set of total differential equations. We also show that if the collineation vector is null, the metric of the quotient 3-space may be expressed in terms of two real Clebsch potentials. Finally in the special case where the collineation vector is the generator of a timelike homothetic motion we reduce the field equations to a single second order partial differential equation of non-Painlevé type in two independent variables and obtain Petrov type III solution of Robinson-Trautman type.     

Isospin breaking in the vector current of the nucleon

Inclusive electron scattering cross-sections in the quasielastic and resonance regions for few GeV electrons are well represented in terms of scaling functions and scaling variables, the so-called superscaling analysis (SuSA). The concepts of scaling of the first and second kinds and superscaling are discussed, as are several mechanisms which are known to yield scaling violations. Given the high quality of scaling for cross-sections at appropriate kinematics, it is shown how the ideas can be turned around to provide predictions for both charge-changing and neutral current neutrino reactions with nuclei at comparable kinematics.     

Radiation background due to radioactive sources in a luminescence dating laboratory

For practical reasons, usually, luminescence dating laboratories contain in the same room (or in adjacent rooms) the equipment and the radioactive sources, as well as the storage cabinet for the samples. It is generally assumed that the absorbed dose due to ambient radioactivity is null or at least negligible in terms of human health (below the dose limit).To test the actual dose rate inside our laboratory room, an investigation combining portable dose rate meter, portable NaI(Tl) gamma spectrometry, and blue-OSL dosimetry using Al₂O₃:C pellets was made. Although our measurements show the presence of X-rays as far as 3 m from the sources, the dose rates are below the safety regulation and does not affect the dating of the sample stored in the same room as the radioactive sources.     

各向同性噪声场中单矢量传感器虚源消除MUSIC测向方法

针对各向同性噪声场中,单矢量水声传感器声压通道和振速通道的噪声功率不一致性造成MUSIC测向方法性能急剧下降的问题,提出了一种增秩MUSIC测向方法和一种幅度加权MUSIC测向方法。增秩MUSIC测向方法通过增加信号子空间维度消除虚源的影响,在单目标情况和低信噪比时可获得高精度方位估计结果,其性能接近克拉美洛界限(CRB),但它不能分辨双目标;幅度加权MUSIC测向方法通过对接收信号幅度加权消除了虚源,并且能分辨双目标。     

The dilaton-dominated supersymmetry breaking scenario in the context of the non-minimal supersymmetric model

The phenomenological consequences of the dilaton-type soft supersymmetry breaking terms in the context of the next to minimal supersymmetric standard model are investigated. We always find a very low top quark mass. As a consequence such string vacua are excluded by recent experimental results. The viability of the solution of the term through the introduction of a gauge singlet field is also briefly discussed.     

Soluble model of a single component fermion interacting with a vector meson

A model is formulated in two dimensional spacetime in which a massive vector meson is coupled to only the upper or the lower component of the usual two component fermion field operator. This condition implies a unique (nonconserved) V ± A form for the current, a result which is equivalent to the statement that the current is either self-dual or anti-self-dual. The Green's functions of the model are computed using the device of the external source. A significant result which emerges is the fact that the renormalized meson mass is not a polynomial form in the coupling constant, a situation which has not previously occurred in any of the known soluble field theories. Although there is no limit of this model in which one can obtain the Thirring model, it is shown that a particular solution of the latter can be obtained provided that one considers only configurations in which all fermion excitations are moving to the left or all are moving to the right.     

Single photon sources with single semiconductor quantum dots

In t.his contribution, we briefly recall the basic concepts of quantum optics and properties of semicon- ductor quantum clot. （QD） which a.re necessary to the nnderstanding of the physics of single-photon generation with single QDs. Firstly, we address the theory of quantmn emitter-cavity system, the fluorescence and optical properties of semiconductor QDs, and the photon statistics as well as opti- cal properties of the QDs. We then review the localizatioll of single semiconductor QDs in quantum confined optical microcavity systems to achieve their overall optical properties and perfornances in terms of strong coupling regime, elfieiency, directionality, and polarization control. Furthermore, we will discuss the recenl, progress on the fabrication of single photon sources, and various a.pproaehes for embedding single QDs into mieroca,vities or photonic crystal nanoeavities and show how to ex- tend the wavelength range. We focus in part;icular on new generations of electrically driven QD single photon source leading to high repetition rates, efficiencies at elevated temperature operation. Besides strong eoupling regime, and high collection new development;s of room temperature sin- gle photon emission in the strong coupling regime are reviewed. The generation of indistinguishable photons and remaining challenges for pract ical single-photon sources are also discussed.     

Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking in NJL Model with a strong background magnetic field and Lorentz-violating extension of the Standard Model

The Eigenstate Method has been developed to deduce the fermion propagator with a constant external magnetic field. In general, we find its result is equivalent to other methods and this new method is more convenient,especially when one evaluates the contribution from the infinitesimal imaginary term of the fermion propagator. Using the Eigenstate Method we try to discuss whether the infinitesimal imaginary frequency of the fermion propagator in a strong magnetic field and Lorentz-violating extension of the minimal SU(3)×SU(2)×SU(1) Standard Model could have a significant influence on the dynamical mass. When the imaginary term of the fermion propagator in this model is not trivial(((α-1)eB/3)~(1/2) σ ((α-1)2eB/3)~(1/2)), this model gives a correction to the dynamical mass.When one does not consider the influence from the imaginary term(σ ((α-1)2eB/3)~(1/2)), there is another correction from the conventional term. Under both circumstances, chiral symmetry is broken.     

Field transfer decay and interferometry in coupled waveguides with stochastic sources

Coupled waveguides, such as those used as optical filters, switches, or couplers, are investigated in the context of coherence theory. A stochastic source is introduced to the standard coupled-mode model. Decay in the power transferred between the waveguides as a function of distance is predicted. Application of this result in the form of an interferometric spectrometer is explored.     

Induced effective action in 6D hypermultiplet theory on a vector/tensor background

We consider the six dimensional hypermultiplet, vector and tensor multiplet models in (1,0) harmonic superspace and discuss the corresponding superfield actions. Manifestly a (1,0) supersymmetric procedure of computing the effective action is developed in the framework of the superfield proper-time technique. The leading low-energy contributions to the effective action is calculated.