Higgsino asymmetry and direct-detection constraints of light dark matter in the NMSSM with non-universal Higgs masses

In this study,we analyze the direct-detection constraints of light dark matter in the next-to minimal supersymmetric standard model(NMSSM)with non-universal Higgs masses(NUHM);we specially focus on the correlation between higgsino asymmetry and spin-dependent(SD)cross section.We draw the following conclusions.(i)The SD cross section is proportional to the square of higgsino asymmetry in dark matter X₁⁰in the NMSSM-NUHM,and hence,it is small for highly singlino-dominated dark matter,(ii)The higgsino-mass parameter μeff is smaller than approximately 335 GeV in the NMSSM-NUHM due to the current muon g-2 constraint,but our scenario with light dark matter can still be alive under current constraints including the direct detection of dark matter in the spindependent channel.(iii)With a sizeable higgsino component in the light dark matter,the higgsino asymmetry and SD cross section can also be sizeable,but dark matter relic density is always small;thus,it can escape the direct detections.(iv)Light dark matter in the h₂-and Z-funnel annihilation channels with sufficient relic density can be covered by future LUX-ZEPLIN(LZ)7-ton in SD detections.(v)The spin-independent(SI)cross section is dominated by h₁-and h₂-exchanging channels,which can even cancel each other in some samples,leaving an SI cross section smaller by a few orders of magnitude than that of one individual channel.     

Strong gravitational lensing constraints on holographic dark energy

Strong gravitational lensing(SGL) has provided an important tool for probing galaxies and cosmology. In this paper, we use the SGL data to constrain the holographic dark energy model, as well as models that have the same parameter number, such as the w CDM and Ricci dark energy models. We find that only using SGL is difficult to effectively constrain the model parameters.However, when the SGL data are combined with CBS(CMB+BAO+SN) data, the reasonable estimations can be given and the constraint precision is improved to a certain extent, relative to the case of CBS only. Therefore, SGL is an useful way to tighten constraints on model parameters.     

The semi-constrained NMSSM in light of muon g-2,LHC,and dark matter constraints

The semi-constrained NMSSM(scNMSSM) extends the MSSM by a singlet field, and requires unification of the soft SUSY breaking terms in the squark and slepton sectors, while it allows that in the Higgs sector to be different. We try to interpret the muon g-2 in the sc NMSSM, under the constraints of 125 Ge V Higgs data, B physics,searches for low and high mass resonances, searches for SUSY particles at the LHC, dark matter relic density by WMAP/Planck, and direct searches for dark matter by LUX, XENON1T, and PandaX-II. We find that under the above constraints, the sc NMSSM can still(i) satisfy muon g-2 at 1σ level, with a light muon sneutrino and light chargino;(ii) predict a highly-singlet-dominated 95 GeV Higgs, with a diphoton rate as hinted at by CMS data,because of a light higgsino-like chargino and moderate λ;(iii) get low fine tuning from the GUT scale with smallμeff, M_0, M_(1/2), and A_0, with a lighter stop mass which can be as low as about 500 GeV, which can be further checked in future studies with search results from the 13 TeV LHC;(iv) have the lightest neutralino be singlino-dominated or higgsino-dominated, while the bino and wino are heavier because of high gluino bounds at the LHC and universal gaugino conditions at the GUT scale;(v) satisfy all the above constraints, although it is not easy for the lightest neutralino, as the only dark matter candidate, to get enough relic density. Several ways to increase relic density are discussed.     

signal of NMSSM at the LHC

For the Benjamin Ono equation, the Hirota bilinear method and long wave limit method are applied to obtain the breathers and the rogue wave solutions. Bright and dark rogue waves exist in the Benjamin Ono equation, and their typical dynamics are analysed and illustrated. The semirational solutions possessing rogue waves and solitons are also obtained, and demonstrated by the three-dimensional figures. Furthermore, the hybrid of rogue wave and breather solutions are also found in the Benjamin Ono equation.     

The fine-tuning of the generalised NMSSM

We determine the degree of fine-tuning needed in a generalised version of the NMSSM that follows from an underlying _Z4${\mathbb{Z}}_4$ or _Z8${\mathbb{Z}}_8$R-symmetry. We find that it is significantly less than is found in the MSSM or NMSSM and extends the range of Higgs mass that have acceptable fine-tuning. Remarkably the minimal fine-tuning is achieved for Higgs masses of around 130 GeV.     

Light dark matter in NMSSM and implication on Higgs phenomenology

For the experimental search of neutralino dark matter, it is important to know its allowed mass and scattering cross section with the nucleon. In order to figure out how light a neutralino dark matter can be predicted in low energy supersymmetry, we scan over the parameter space of the NMSSM (next-to-minimal supersymmetric model), assuming all the relevant soft mass parameters to be below TeV scale. We find that in the parameter space allowed by current experiments the neutralino dark matter can be as light as a few GeV and its scattering rate off the nucleon can reach the sensitivity of XENON100 and CoGeNT. As a result, a sizable parameter space is excluded by the current XENON100 and CoGeNT data (the plausible CoGeNT dark matter signal can also be explained). The future 6000 kg-days exposure of XENON100 will further explore (but cannot completely cover) the remained parameter space. Moreover, we find that in such a light dark matter scenario a light CP-even or CP-odd Higgs boson must be present to satisfy the measured dark matter relic density. Consequently, the SM-like Higgs boson hSM may decay predominantly into a pair of light Higgs bosons or a pair of neutralinos so that the conventional decays like hSM→γγ is much suppressed.     

Optimum design of laminates with natural frequency constraints

A method of optimally designing symmetric fibre reinforced composite laminates subject to constraints on natural frequencies is presented. The problem is cast as a non-linear mathematical programming problem in which the thickenesses of material placed at preassigned orientation angles are treated as the design variables. The resulting optimization problem is solved by using an interior penalty function algorithm. Several non-linear programming problems are solved by taking minimization of weight or maximization of fundamental frequency/buckling load/maximum transverse deflection under the stated loading condition as the behaviour constraints. The numerical results are presented in the form of design studies which reveal the influence of different design constraints on the optimum design. These design studies illustrate that the method presented offers an efficient and practical optimum design procedure for composite laminates.     

Determining the global minimum of Higgs potentials via Groebner bases – applied to the NMSSM

Determining the global minimum of Higgs potentials with several Higgs fields like the next-to-minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model (NMSSM) is a non-trivial task already at the tree level. The global minimum of a Higgs potential can be found from the set of all its stationary points defined by a multivariate polynomial system of equations. We introduce here the algebraic Groebner basis approach to solve this system of equations. We apply the method to the NMSSM with CP-conserving as well as CP-violating parameters. The results reveal an interesting stationary-point structure of the potential. Requiring the global minimum to give the electroweak symmetry breaking observed in Nature excludes large parts of the parameter space.     

Novel results on structural investigations of natural minerals of clathrate hydrates

High-resolution powder X-ray diffraction measurements were carried out on gas hydrates in the angle-dispersive mode using a synchrotron radiation source. In contrast to the structural studies of laboratory-grown gas hydrates, this study has been performed on naturally grown clathrate hydrates obtained from the sea floor at different geographic locations. While the hydrate samples of the Cascadia Margin exhibit a preponderance of structure I, those from the Gulf of Mexico consist of mixed structures, namely structure II, structure I and structure H. Ice in structure Ih is inherently present in all the clathrate hydrate samples. PACS 61.10.Nz; 61.50.Ah; 61.66.Fn; 91.50.-r     

Another step towards a no-lose theorem for NMSSM Higgs discovery at the LHC

We show how the LHC potential to detect a rather light CP-even Higgs boson of the NMSSM, H₁$H_1$ or H₂$H_2$, decaying into CP-odd Higgs states, A₁A₁$A_1{A}_1$, can be improved if Higgs-strahlung off W bosons and (more marginally) off top–antitop pairs are employed alongside vector boson fusion as production modes. Our results should help extracting at least one Higgs boson signal over the NMSSM parameter space.