光纤激光器光学膜设计与制备

针对激光在传输过程中的光能损失,本文根据光学薄膜理论,设计制备了减反射膜和抗激光的高反射膜,并对激光膜的镀膜材料、膜系设计、沉积工艺及离子辅助沉积等参数进行了深入研究.研究结果表明,制备的减反膜的反射率＜O.2%,激光以25°～65°入射时高反射膜的反射率＞99.7%.对50μm光纤和K9玻璃镀膜前后的输出功率测试显示...     

Ultralong Raman fiber lasers as virtually lossless optical media

By transforming the optical fiber span into an ultralong cavity laser, we experimentally demonstrate quasilossless transmission over long (up to 75 km) distances and virtually zero signal power variation over shorter (up to 20 km) spans, opening the way for the practical implementation of integrable nonlinear systems in optical fiber. As a by-product of our technique, the longest ever laser (to the best of our knowledge) has been implemented, with a cavity length of 75 km. A simple theory of the lossless fiber span, in excellent agreement with the observed results, is presented.     

Yb-Bi pulsed fiber lasers

A new type of pulsed fiber laser is suggested and developed - Yb-Bi lasers. In such lasers the Yb fiber laser is Q-switched by use of a saturable absorber, a Bi-doped fiber placed in its own resonator, and pulsed lasing is obtained in both fiber lasers. Continous-wave diode-clad pumping of the Yb-Bi lasers at a 975 nm wavelength with power up to 16.5 W results in pulsed laser action in a spectral diapason of 1050-1200 nm with a maximum pulse energy of up to 100 microJ, an average power up to 7.5 W, and a repetition rate up to 100 kHz.     

高功率光纤激光器二级抽运技术的理论分析

从理论上分析了高功率光纤激光器直接抽运和二级抽运的斜率效率和热管理问题. 计算结果表明:波长为975 nm的激光直接抽运产生波长为1070 nm的激光时,理论斜率效率为80%,但当抽运光功率为10 kW时,在强制水冷条件下纤芯极值温度也难以降到150 ℃以下;在二级抽运技术中,波长为1018 nm的激光抽运产生波长为1070 nm的激光时,若采用传统的包层抽运技术,其斜率效率不足20%,如果抽运功率填充因子由0.0025提高到0.1,则理论上斜率效率可由18.5%提高到80.9%,从而总斜率效率由15.5 关键词： 二级抽运 功率填充因子 斜率效率 热管理     

Ytterbium-doped Y2O3 nanoparticle silica optical fibers for high power fiber lasers with suppressed photodarkening

We report efficient laser demonstration and spectroscopic characteristics of a Yb-doped Y₂O₃ (or Y₃Al₅O₁₂) nanoparticle silica fiber developed by conventional fiber fabrication technique. The spectroscopy study evidences modification in the environment of Yb ions by the Y₂O₃ nanoparticles. As a result, photodarkening induced loss is reduced by 20 times relative to Yb-doped aluminosilicate fibers. The fiber is suitable for power scaling with good laser slope efficiency of 79%.     

Frequency tuning and doubling in Yb-doped fiber lasers

A compact Yb-doped fiber laser (YDFL) based on a tunable fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with ～6 W output power and ～45 nm tuning around 1080 nm has been developed. The laser output power and its spectral width (～0.15 nm) do not change significantly at the tuning, while the FBG reflection coefficient increases with an increase in FBG compression. It has been shown that this increase is due to stress-induced changes in the FBG’s refractive-index modulation amplitude. Intracavity frequency doubling in the YDFL has also been performed. About 0.4 W of green radiation with tuning in the range 540–548 nm has been achieved with a KTP nonlinear crystal.     

32 W百兆赫兹高重频可调谐单频激光光源

通过对连续种子光源的光强调制,并利用光纤放大器和固体介质放大器结合的混合放大方式,实现了百兆赫兹高重频可调谐单频激光光源。系统在基模输出条件下的最大输出功率为31.9 W,光束质量因子小于1.5,脉冲重复频率达到100 MHz,脉宽1 ns,测量得到的光束线宽小于0.8 GHz。实验结果验证了通过对连续光源进行光强调制获得高重频脉冲光源的可行性,并验证了混合放大方式是获得功率放大的一种有效手段。     

高功率掺镱光纤激光器的辐照影响分析及研究进展

高功率掺镱光纤激光器在空间环境中的应用日益增多,但掺镱光纤材料在空间辐照条件下会产生色心效应,导致损耗增加,影响光纤器件以及激光器整机的性能,从而给高功率光纤激光器在空间环境的长期稳定工作带来隐患。从空间辐照对高功率光纤激光器性能的影响机理、抑制方法和研究进展等3个方面进行介绍。首先介绍了空间辐照对高功率掺镱光纤激光器中关键光学器件、放大级热负载、非线性效应等方面的影响分析,其次介绍了抑制辐照效应的典型方法及其在高功率掺镱光纤激光器中的可行性分析,最后介绍了国内外典型的高功率掺镱光纤激光器的辐照影响及抑制的研究成果,并展望了未来发展趋势。     

High power fiber lasers

In this review article, the development of the double cladding optical fiber for high power fiber lasers is reviewed. The main technology for high power fiber lasers, including laser diode beam shaping, fiber laser pumping techniques, and amplification systems, are discussed in detail. 1050 W CW output and 133 W pulsed output are obtained in Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, China. Finally, the applications of fiber lasers in industry are also reviewed.     

高能激光器气动窗口光束质量的评价方法探讨

 通过对高能激光器气动窗口的研究现状和应用需求的分析，指出建立一套气动窗口光束质量的评价方法是十分必要的。在分析气动窗口工作机理和现有激光光束质量评价因子的基础上，提出一种评价气动窗口光束质量的方法，即用斯特列尔比来评价气动窗口的光束质量，并辅以相对衍射极限因子进行远场直观说明。分析表明，此种评价方法是可行的，并达到了不受限于气动窗口类别的光束质量评价的要求。     

Selection of suitable pump diode laser parameters and their effects on efficiency and optimum length of Yb-doped double clad fiber lasers

The effects of diode laser pump parameters on the fiber laser performance are investigated numerically and experimentally. According to our simulation results, the wide spectrum pump diode laser centered at 976 nm wavelength will reduce the fiber laser optical efficiency and increase the optimal fiber length. The effect of pump wavelength on the fiber laser optical efficiency and the output power stability has also been studied. 976 nm pump wavelength is more efficient but the output power at this wavelength is more dependent on the pump wavelength tolerance. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical ones.     

High power fiber lasers

In this review article, the development of the double cladding optical fiber for high power fiber lasers is reviewed. The main technology for high power fiber lasers, including laser diode beam shaping, fiber laser pumping techniques, and amplification systems, are discussed in detail. 1050 W CW output and 133 W pulsed output are obtained in Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, China. Finally, the applications of fiber lasers in industry are also reviewed.      

高功率光纤激光受激拉曼散射效应研究新进展北大核心CSCD

由于具有高品质、高效率、高鲁棒性、结构紧凑等优点,光纤激光系统在近20年飞速发展,并得到广泛应用。然而发展至今,依旧存在着一些因素(如非线性效应、热效应、模式不稳定性等)限制着光纤激光系统功率的进一步提升。作为其中的一种主要限制因素,受激拉曼散射效应不仅降低了光纤激光器的输出效率,后向斯托克斯光还会提高系统的损毁风险。最近的研究结果表明,少模光纤中受激拉曼散射在引起模式不稳定性的同时,还会导致准静态的模式退化。因此,需要发展有效的拉曼抑制手段来突破现有瓶颈,促进高功率高光束质量光纤激光发展。在介绍高功率少模光纤激光中受激拉曼散射效应新表征的同时,从高功率光纤激光系统整体优化角度出发,总结整理了相关抑制技术研究新进展,并展望未来可能的研究方向。     

单模光纤激光极限功率的数值研究

对光纤激光极限功率的探索和其受限因素的分析, 有利于为大功率光纤激光器的发展提供理论依据和实验指导. 本文考虑热效应、光效应、非线性效应和抽运亮度等因素对光纤激光极限功率的影响, 分析了掺镱和掺铥光纤的极限功率和受限因素. 在此基础上, 结合激光在光纤中单模传输的条件, 计算了单模掺镱和掺铥光纤激光的极限功率. 计算结果表明, 在现有技术条件下, 使用常规的976 nm和793 nm激光二极管抽运, 单模掺镱和掺铥光纤激光的极限功率分别为4.2 kW和7.8 kW, 其中单模掺铥光纤激光的功率水平还远低于它的极限功率的原因是受抽运亮度的限制. 最后分析指出减小纤芯的数值孔径和改进少模光束的光束质量是提升单模光纤激光极限功率的重要途径.     

飞秒光纤激光相干合成技术最新进展

飞秒光纤激光器具有平均功率高、散热性能佳、光束质量好和空间体积小等优势,在基础研究、工业加工、生物医疗等方面得到越来越广泛的应用.相干合成技术能够有效克服光纤中有害的非线性效应和热效应的影响,进一步提高飞秒光纤激光器输出的脉冲能量和平均功率.本文介绍高功率飞秒光纤激光器相干合成的基本技术路线,重点阐述相干合成技术中关于填充孔径相干合成与平铺孔径相干合成的最新研究进展,并详细介绍相干合成技术中不同类型主动相位锁定技术的基本原理.相信在不远的将来,飞秒光纤激光相干合成系统的单脉冲能量和平均功率将不断攀升,从而开创许多崭新的研究领域.     

高功率全光纤结构主振荡功率放大器中模式不稳定现象的实验研究

模式不稳定指高功率光纤激光随着输出功率提升发生的模式突变,会导致光束质量下降,限制了衍射极限光束质量光纤激光输出功率的提升,本文研究了全光纤结构主振荡功率放大器中的模式不稳定现象,结果表明,全光纤结构主振荡功率放大器中的模式不稳定现象会导致放大器斜率效率下降;理论计算表明,对于20/400阶跃折射率大模场双包层掺镱光纤,注入种子功率在百瓦左右时,模式不稳定发生的阈值功率在1kW左右:热效应是模式不稳定现象发生的根源。     

一种实现高功率输出的新型光纤激光器

介绍了一种实现光纤激光器高功率输出的新方法--采用螺旋芯光纤,这种光纤是在光纤制作过程中按照一定的弯曲半径使纤芯呈螺旋状排布在光纤包层中.介绍了这种螺旋芯光纤的原理和其提高输出功率的能力,以及目前的理论与实验研究现状.基于该光纤,提出了一种光纤激光器相干合成新思想.     

一种实现光纤激光器高功率输出的方法

 介绍了一种实现光纤激光器高功率输出的新方法——采用螺旋芯光纤，这种光纤是在光纤制作过程中按照一定的弯曲半径使纤芯呈螺旋状排布在光纤包层中。介绍了这种螺旋芯光纤的原理和其提高输出功率的能力，以及目前的理论与实验研究现状。基于该光纤，提出了一种光纤激光器相干合成新思想。     

Rate equations studies on coherently combined fiber lasers connected by an optical coupler

Attempt has been made to apply the steady-state rate equations to study two coherently combined Er³⁺-doped fiber lasers joined by an optical fiber coupler. In order to establish the boundary conditions, which are necessary for solving the equations, we have taken into consideration the fact that a constructive interference at the coupler assures that the laser radiations from both constituent lasers are directed to the coupler output port to which a reflection mirror defining both lasers is attached. Consequently, effective reflectivity, provided by the coupler-mirror combination, can be specified in terms of the laser powers of both laser signals, and the rate equations describing the compound system can be solved. Using the derived solutions, quantitative investigations can be made on the influences of different laser parameters. For example, the influence of the length difference between doped fibers, the splitting ratio of the coupler and power difference between the two pump radiations have been given in this report.     

掺Yb3+双包层光纤激光器的数值分析

 对掺Yb³⁺双包层光纤激光器不同参数情况下的输出功率和增益分布进行了数值模拟，分析了一端泵浦和双端泵浦方式下输出特性的差异，激光沿光纤长度方向的分布，输出功率与光纤长度、腔镜反射率及泵浦功率的关系。结果显示：两端泵浦较一端泵浦增益更加平坦，输出功率也稍高；当泵浦光波长为975nm时，输出激光功率对光纤长度更为敏感，最佳光纤长度相对于泵浦光波长为915nm时短且转化效率高；在大功率长光纤的情况下，光纤有损耗时输出功率随输出腔镜反射率的增加单调地减小，无损耗时输出功率不随输出腔镜反射率变化。