双酚A分子印迹材料的制备及其识别特性研究

以双酚A为模板分子,α-甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂制备了双酚A印迹聚合物。采用动态和静态两种方法研究了该印迹材料对双酚A的结合性能与分子识别特性。印迹材料对模板分子双酚A具有良好的特异性识别作用,经过Scatchard模型分析,双酚A印迹聚合物上有两类不同性质的结合位点,两种结合位点的解离常数分别为1.36和44.78 m L/g,对双酚A的最大表观吸附量分别为24.56μmol/g和312.6μmol/g。将该聚合物应用于固相萃取中,以食品包装材料为样品的加标回收实验表明,此印迹材料可以对痕量双酚A进行富集分离测定,且可重复使用。     

沉淀制备双酚Aπ-π堆积自组装印迹聚合物及其特异性识别机理研究

以类雌性激素双酚A为模板分子,选取4-乙烯基吡啶作为功能单体,在极性溶剂甲醇中,通过非共价键完成自组装过程,沉淀聚合制备对双酚A分子具有高度选择性识别和亲和力的分子印迹聚合物.采用紫外-可见光谱研究了双酚A和4-乙烯基吡啶的配合方式以及配位比,结果表明双酚A与4-乙烯基吡啶以配位比1∶2的方式,在极性溶剂中,无法以常用的氢键形成超分子配合物,却可以π-π堆积这种非共价键完成自组装过程.通过红外谱图,验证了沉淀聚合法制备的印迹聚合物可以完成双酚A的印迹和可逆分离.通过扫描电镜和等温吸附实验考察了分子印迹聚合物对模板分子的特异性识别和选择性吸附机理,印迹聚合物的特异性吸附容量为37.39μmol/g,印迹指数为4.31;对其结构类似物四溴双酚A和苯酚的分离因子分别为2.51和2.06,同时对莠去津,萘普生和槲皮素的分离因子分别为2.14,2.26和2.63,证实了分子印迹聚合物在极性溶剂中可以对双酚A分子进行很好的特异性识别,并且识别环境更接近天然分子环境.     

表面印迹聚合物萃取/气相色谱质谱联用检测双酚A

以双酚A(BPA)为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸为单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯作为交联剂,在硅胶表面合成双酚A分子印迹聚合物。通过红外光谱、比表面积测定等对表面印迹聚合物进行分析和表征;采用静态吸附法和动态吸附法对其吸附性能进行考察。红外光谱表明硅胶表面生成了对模板分子具有识别功能的官能团;热重分析证明该印迹聚合物具有良好的热稳定性;静态吸附实验说明表面印迹聚合物比非印迹聚合物具有良好的吸附性能,该印迹聚合物对双酚A最大吸附容量Q max为1.501 mg/g,吸附速率常数k为0.01586g/(mg·min)。用表面印迹聚合物萃取(MISPE)和气相色谱质谱(GC-MS)联用检测了BPA样品,BPA的回收率接近90%,并将该双酚A表面印迹聚合物用于牛奶样品中的BPA测试,结果表明该印迹聚合物具有较好的吸附选择性。     

1-乙烯基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体/分子印迹材料用于牛血红蛋白的识别

分子印迹聚合物是一类对目标分子具备特异性辨别能力的高分子吸附剂材料.运用本体聚合法,以牛血红蛋白(BHb)为模板分子,丙烯酰胺(AAM)和碘化1-乙烯基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体在交联剂、引发剂和加速剂的作用下进行聚合,制备的分子印迹材料对牛血红蛋白(BHb)具备特异性识别功能.同时,对识别条件进行了优化和讨论.     

分子印迹聚合物的制备及孔结构研究

以N 叔丁氧羰酰 L 色氨酸和N 叔丁氧羰酰 L 酪氨酸为印迹分子 ,分别采用光引发聚合和热引发聚合制备了分子印迹聚合物 ,并对聚合物的手性识别能力进行了色谱评价 .结果表明 ,制备的分子印迹聚合物对印迹分子具有特异性的吸附作用 ,光引发聚合的N 叔丁氧羰酰 L 色氨酸的印迹聚合物对印迹分子的选择性因子达到 2 .318,热引发聚合的N 叔丁氧羰酰 L 酪氨酸对印迹分子的选择性因子为 1 373 进一步研究了分子印迹聚合物的孔结构 ,发现光引发聚合的分子印迹聚合物与空白聚合物的孔结构差别比热引发聚合的分子印迹聚合物与空白聚合物的差别更为明显 .对印迹分子洗脱前后的印迹聚合物的孔结构研究进一步表明 ,印迹分子存在于不同类型的孔中 .     

腈菌唑分子印迹聚合物的制备及识别性能研究

以腈菌唑为模板分子，采用原位分子印迹技术，制备具有特定识别性能的连续棒状分子印迹聚合物。考察了流动相中酸量对分离的影响，研究了几种结构类似物在所得分子印迹柱上的保留特性。结果表明，这种棒状分子印迹聚合物比相应的空白聚合物有高的识别性能和选择性。     

模拟受体聚合物的合成及吸附行为研究

采用紫外光引发聚合的分子印迹技术,分别制备阿替洛尔、美托洛尔、尼莫地平、酮糠唑4种模板化合物的分子印迹聚合物(molecularlyimprinted polymers,MIP).利用紫外平衡吸附法研究了聚合物的吸附性能和选择识别能力.结果表明,阿替洛尔、美托洛尔印迹聚合物对各自的模板分子呈现良好的再识别性能,而尼莫地平、酮糠唑印迹聚合物对原模板则几乎没有识别能力.Scatchard分析显示了功能单体甲基丙烯酸(MAA)与模板分子阿替洛尔、美托洛尔在自组装过程中通过氢键和离子键形成了至少两类不等价的结合位点.对底物交叉结合实验也表明阿替洛尔、美托洛尔这两种印迹聚合物具有良好的选择性,分离因子α值分别达到了1.75和1.62,而空白聚合物则分别仅为1.07和0.97.     

电聚合制备分子印迹电极及其特异性表征

本实验设计以邻苯二胺为功能单体,以双酚A为目标分子,采用简单快速的电聚合方法,制备了对双酚A具有特异性识别能力的分子印迹电极。采用差分脉冲伏安法和石英晶体微天平对印迹电极的特异识别性能进行表征。结果表明,印迹电极对双酚A表现出较高的特异性识别能力。与非印迹电极相比,识别能力提高一个数量级。同时,该电极对100倍浓度的阿特拉津、17β-雌二醇的信号响应仅为十分之一,表明该电极在复杂体系中具有良好的抗干扰能力。此外,该实验方案目标分子选择灵活,能制备针对不同目标分子的印迹电极,可满足自主设计实验的需求。通过该创新实验,可以有效帮助学生深入了解分子间的相互作用,体验在分子层次设计材料的过程。     

分子印迹技术在蛋白质识别中的应用进展

分子印迹技术是一种制备具有分子识别能力的聚合物的有效技术,已经广泛应用于制备对小分子具有选择性的分子印迹聚合物,但制备能够特异性识别生物大分子--蛋白质的分子印迹聚合物的研究仍然具有挑战性。本文讨论了制备蛋白质分子印迹聚合物的难点,评述了目前印迹蛋白质的方法及各自的优缺点,展望了蛋白质印迹技术的发展趋势。     

双酚A分子印迹固相微萃取头的快速制备（英文）

以双酚A(BPA)为模板分子,乙腈(ACN)为致孔剂,α-甲基丙烯酸为功能单体(MAA),乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,快速制备了双酚A分子印迹聚合物(MIP)萃取头。聚合反应在内径为530μm的毛细管中进行,微波聚合7 min。得到的双酚A分子印迹聚合物从毛细管中推出,在安培瓶中洗脱后再次插入毛细管中用于固相微萃取(SPME)。在不同的模板分子和功能单体的比例(BPA/MAA)、NaCl浓度、萃取和解吸时间、pH值和解吸溶剂条件下考察了聚合物的萃取性能。选取结构类似物苯酚(P)、对羟基联苯(PP)和非结构类似物二聚氰胺(DCD),对MIP和非印迹聚合物(NIP)的选择性吸附性能进行了对比。所建立的SPME方法结合高效液相色谱法(HPLC)成功用于饮料中双酚A的检测。在优化的实验条件下,双酚A的线性范围为10~400μg/L,检出限(LOD)为0.45μg/L,在矿泉水中的回收率为88.4%~102.8%。结果表明所建立的方法能够用于检测实际样品中的BPA,具有样品预处理简便、分析快速、检出限低和消耗低的优点。     

Simultaneous determination of phenolic xenoestrogens by solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.

A highly sensitive and selective method for simultaneous determination of some hydroxyl group-containing endocrine disruptors, including bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol E (BPE), bisphenol F (BPF) and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), was developed. The method consists of precolumn derivatization of the analytes, solid-phase extraction (SPE) and subsequent chromatographic analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. 4,4'-Cyclohexylidenebisphenol (BPZ) was used as an internal standard. Derivatization was carried out using 4-(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzoyl chloride (DIB-Cl) as a label. Parameters of the derivatization reaction (temperature, time, concentration of reagent, stability, etc.) and of the solid-phase extraction (recovery, solvent, etc.) were studied in detail. Detection limits of compounds studied in standard solutions ranged from 0.08-1.3 ppb (ng/ml). The proposed method was successfully applied to plastic samples; BPA was found in both polycarbonate and polyvinyl chloride plastics, while 4-NP was found in plastics made of polyvinyl chloride and another polymer.     

Continuous solid-phase extraction and preconcentration of bisphenol A in aqueous samples using molecularly imprinted columns

A bisphenol A (BPA) molecularly imprinted polymer, the composition of which was optimised using a chemometric approach, has been applied to the selective preconcentration of the template from aqueous samples. The selectivity of the polymer toward BPA and related compounds was evaluated chromatographically. The BPA-imprinted polymer was packed in a column and used for continuous on-column solid-phase extraction (MISPE) of aqueous samples followed by subsequent analysis by HPLC with fluorescence detection of the eluted fractions. The composition of the washing solvent applied in the MISPE procedure was optimised to favour the specific interactions of the MIP with BPA and to remove the non-selectively bound matrix components. The MISPE method has proven to be effective for selective preconcentration of BPA in aqueous samples (recoveries >84% obtained in the eluate for 10–100 mL sample volumes) enabling detection and quantification limits of 1.0 and 3.3 ng mL^–1, respectively (based on 25 mL sample size). Analytical recoveries were between 92 and 101% for river water samples spiked with known amounts of BPA (30, 60, and 80 ng mL^–1); relative standard deviations (RSD) were lower than 5.0%.     

分子印迹基质固相分散-超高效液相色谱法测定儿童玩具中双酚A

以双酚A为模板分子,4-乙烯基吡啶为功能单体合成了双酚A分子印迹聚合物(BPAMIP),作为基质固相分散吸附剂,用于提取儿童玩具中双酚A。样品溶液均匀地分散在BPA-MIP中,风干后用二氯甲烷淋洗,然后用甲醇(35+65)溶液作洗脱剂将双酚A洗下,收集洗出液供高效液相色谱测定。结果表明:聚合物对印迹分子具有很好的亲和性和特异选择性。方法的线性范围为1.5～100.0mg·L~(-1),检出限(3S/N)为0.12mg·L~(-1)。在5个浓度水平下做加标回收试验,回收率在94.9%～99.1%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.2%～3.4%之间。     

高效液相色谱法测定环境水中超痕量双酚A

合成单分散双酚A(BPA)分子印迹微球并以其为高效液相色谱柱填充材料,建立了一种大体积直接进样HPLC法测定环境水中超痕量BPA的方法。方法的检出限(LOD)和测定限(LOQ)分别为0.03nmol/L和0.1nmol/L;在0.1~100nmol/L范围内具有良好的线性(r2=0.9983)。本方法用于表层湖水中BPA的检测,实际样品的加标回收率在99%~101.4%间;相对标准偏差(RSD%)低于8.1%(n=5)。     

Bisphenol A-recognition polymers prepared by covalent molecular imprinting

A specific recognition material for bisphenol A (BPA) was prepared by using a covalent imprinting technique. A chloroform solution containing bisphenol A dimethacrylate as a template, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linking agent and 2,2′-azobis(isobutyronitrile) as an initiator was polymerized by UV initiation. When BPA was removed from the resulting polymer by hydrolysis of the ester bonds with aqueous sodium hydroxide, carboxylic acid residues were generated in the polymer. After the polymer was packed into a stainless steel column, retention factors of BPA and related compounds were measured. The imprinted polymer adsorbed BPA and structurally related compounds such as 4,4′-dihydroxybenzophenone, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone and 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl. A typical association constant (K_a) was calculated to be 1.72×10⁵ M⁻¹ by Scatchard analysis. Interestingly, 17α- and 17β-estradiol were also bound to the imprinted polymer (K_a=1.68×10⁵ M⁻¹), indicating that the polymer could be used as artificial receptors for screening the compounds having estrogenic action.     

分子印迹固相萃取检测罐装食品中双酚A

以双酚A为模板分子,3-氨基丙基乙氧基硅烷为功能单体,通过溶胶-凝胶反应合成双酚A分子印迹纳米硅胶微球。以印迹微球为固相萃取吸附剂,优化固相萃取条件,确定二氯甲烷为上样溶剂。固相萃取选择性实验表明,在双酚A及其结构类似物四溴双酚A、双酚C、壬基酚的混合物溶液中,印迹萃取柱对双酚A具有良好的选择性能,回收率达到90.7%。浓度为2.5和5μmol/L的加标罐装食品样品,经印迹萃取柱预处理,液相色谱检测得到回收率72%～84%,相对标准偏差2.9%～4.4%。     

分子印迹聚合物为涂层的吸附萃取搅拌棒在环境水样双酚A含量测定中的应用

以双酚A(BPA)为单体,利用整体材料“原位”聚合技术制备以分子印迹聚合物为涂层的吸附萃取搅拌棒(MIP-SBSE),然后与高效液相色谱(HPLC)-二极管阵列检测器联用,探讨其对环境水样BPA的选择萃取性能。优化萃取过程中吸附和解吸时间、解吸液种类以及基底pH值和离子强度对目标化合物的选择吸附性能。在最佳条件下,MIP-SBSE可对模板分子进行有效的选择吸附,线性范围为1.0～200 μg/L,检出限(S/N=3)和定量限(S/N=10)分别为0.28μg/L和0.94 μg/L。在实际水样分析中,具有良好的加标回收率,其值为96.0%～108.7%。研究结果表明,所建立的方法具有简便、灵敏和环境友好等特点。     

Functional polymers and sequential copolymers by phase-transfer catalysis. 15. Thermotropic copolyethers based on 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl,bisphenol a and 1,9-dibromononane

Thermotropic liquid crystalline (LC) copolyethers have been synthesized from 1,9-dibromononane, a nonmesogenic bisphenol (4,4′-isopropylidenediphenol [BPA]) and a mesogenic bisphenol (4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl [HB]) by a two-phase (organic solvent—aqueous NaOH) phase-transfer catalyzed polyetherification. LC polyethers were obtained for copolymers containing as much as 70 mol % BPA. Optical polarizing microscopy and DSC have revealed smectic mesomorphism for all the copolyethers. The influence of both copolymer composition and microstructural changes, including the nature of the chain ends, upon the mesomorphic properties of these copolyethers have been discussed.     

Preparation and evaluation of molecularly imprinted solid-phase microextraction fibers for selective extraction of bisphenol A in complex samples

Molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) as solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers coating has gained great attention in recent years. In this study, a simple preparation approach for bisphenol A (BPA) MIP coating with controlled thickness on fused-silica capillaries was developed. A capillary was inserted into a larger bore capillary to form a sleeve as mold. The prepolymer solution containing the template BPA was introduced into the interspace between the two capillaries for polymerization under photoirradiation. The larger bore capillary was removed away after the polymerization, and MIP coating with certain thickness on the surface of the inserted capillary was obtained. SPME conditions based on the MIP-coated fibers were optimized, and the extraction performance of the fibers with different thickness coating was compared. Finally, the MIP fibers were used for selective extraction of BPA spiked in tap water, human urine, and milk samples. The average recoveries of spiked BPA in the three samples were 92.5%, 81.6%, and 87.5%, respectively. The present analytical performance is not up to par for applicability to real environmental matrices. Further improvement will be necessary for analysis of real complex samples.     

LC/MS determination of bisphenol A in river water using a surface-modified molecularly-imprinted polymer as an on-line pretreatment device

A new analytical method for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) by LC/MS was developed and applied to environmental water samples. Quantitative MS detection of BPA was carried out in the negative mode. In order to preconcentrate the target compound yet prevent serious contamination of the water samples from the experimental environment, we employed column switching HPLC coupled with a pretreatment column of surface-modified molecularly-imprinted polymers. The recovery of BPA from a spiked environmental water sample was 102% and the repeatability of actual determinations of water samples containing 20 ng/L of BPA was 5.4% RSD. By modifying the surfaces of the molecularly-imprinted polymer particles packed in the pretreatment column, interference from the water samples was effectively removed, resulting in a significant increase in sensitivity and more reliable results. This method was successfully applied to the trace determination of BPA in environmental water samples using LC/MS.