氧化碘苯间氨基苯甲酸锰(Ⅳ)四苯基卟啉配合物的合成

近年来,化学家们对高价锰卟啉配合物的合成非常感兴趣。高价锰卟啉配合物在温和条件下分解水,释放氧,是植物光体系Ⅱ的可能的模型化合物。锰卟啉配合物在比较温和条件下活化分子氧,选择性地催化氧化碳氢化合物,是单加氧酶细胞色素P-450的很好的模型体系。由于缺少已合成的高价锰卟啉配合物,所以植物光体系Ⅱ和细胞色素P-450模型体系的活性中间体的研究遇到了障碍。Hill等在氯苯中用氧化碘苯氧化XMn(Ⅲ)TPP(TPP=四苯基卟啉基),合成了两类双核的四价锰四苯基卟啉配合物,[XMnⅣ)TPP]_2O(X=N_3~-或OCN~-)和[XMn(Ⅳ)TPP(OIPh)]_2O(X=Cl~-或Br~-,OIPh=氧化碘苯)。但还未能合成出单核的氧化碘苯锰(Ⅳ)四苯基卟啉配合物。我们选择位阻大于Cl~-、Br~-、N_3~-和OCN~-,键合能力介于Cl~-、Br~-与N_3~-、OCN~-之间的间氨基苯甲酸作为轴向配体,成功地合成了单核的m-H_2NC_6H_4CO_2Mn(Ⅳ)TPP(OIPh)(1),并讨论了它的光谱性质。     

四苯基卟啉制法的改进

传统合成四苯基卟啉(简称H_2TPP)的方法是将吡咯与等摩尔苯甲醛在丙酸中进行回流,产率仅20%,制得的H_2TPP中含3%～10%四苯基二氢卟啉(简称TPC),分离十分因难。 本文报道以丙酸为主的混合溶剂,并用亚硫酰氯代替过去采用的,毒性大的2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰苯醌作氧化剂进行氧化处理。H_2TTP产率达60%以上,纯化物收率38%。     

2-(2-氨基苯基)苯并噻唑与四苯基卟啉及四苯基锌卟啉的荧光共振能量转移

采用紫外光谱和荧光光谱法研究了四氢呋喃溶液中2-(2-氨基苯基)苯并噻唑(APBT)与四苯基卟啉(TPP)、四苯基锌卟啉(ZnTPP)之间的相互作用.结果表明,APBT可作为能量供体分子分别与能量受体分子TPP或ZnTPP构成荧光共振能量转移(FRET)体系,APBT的作用将使TPP和ZnTPP的荧光增强.在此FRET...     

对位取代四苯基卟啉及其铁(Ⅲ)配合物的~1H NMR研究

本文用BRUKER MSL-400型超导核磁共振仪,对于对位取代四苯基卟啉[H_2(p-X)TPP,X=Cl,H,CH_3,OCH_3],对位取代四苯基卟啉铁(Fe(Ⅲ)(p-X)TPPCl)及其轴向配合物([Fe(Ⅲ)(p-X)TPP(HIm)_2]~+Cl~-,([Fe(Ⅲ)(p-CH_3)TPPYm]~+Cl~-,Y=2-CH_3Im,2-C_2H_5-4-CH_3Im,n-C_3H_7NH_2,N(C_2H_5)_3)的质子核磁共振谱进行了较系统的研究,探讨了分子对称性、电子结构、顺磁效应等对~1H NMR谱的影响以及铁卟啉配合物的电子自旋离域机理。     

β-取代卟啉及卟啉铁的抗氧化性

在假一级条件下 ,以亚碘酰苯为氧化剂 ,通过测定 β未取代的四苯基卟啉 (TPP) ,以及不同 β 取代的 β Cl8TPP、β Br8TPP、β Br4TPP、β NO2 TPP、β (CH3 ) 8TPP及其金属铁络合物的氧化破坏反应的表观动力学常数 ,获得了卟啉配体的稳定性顺序为TPP >β (CH3 ) 8TPP >β Br8TPP >β Cl8TPP >β Br4TPP >β NO2 TPP ,β位位阻越大相应的卟啉配体越稳定 ,并由此推导PhIO由 β位进攻卟啉配体。β 取代铁卟啉的稳定性顺序为 :Fe(β Cl8TPP)Cl>Fe(β Br8TPP)Cl>Fe(β Br4TPP)Cl>Fe(β NO2 TPP)Cl >Fe(TPP)Cl >Fe[β (CH3 ) 8TPP]Cl,并与在催化氧化环己烷反应中的稳定性一致 ,β位吸电子作用越大相应的铁卟啉越稳定 ,并推导由氧化能力更强的高价金属 氧中间体以位阻较小的面对面方式进攻 β 取代铁卟啉。     

细胞色素P-450模拟体系的活性中间体-氧配位铬(V)四苯基卟啉 配合物的分离、 表征和氧化反应

氮气保护下二氯甲烷中铬(III)四苯基卟啉衍生物在-40℃与亚碘酰苯反应,分离得氧配位铬(V)四苯基卟啉配合物:O=Cr(V)TPP(Cl)PhI,O=Cr(V)TPP(N~30PhI,O=Cr(V)TPP(p-CH~3O-C~6H~4O)(1/2)PhI。已经元素分析、可见、红外、顺磁、核磁和质谱法结构表征。这些配合物能氧化苯乙烯,环己醇,环己烯和环己烷,可作为细胞色素P-450模拟体系的活性中间体。     

一种简易型顺磁波谱电化学池的设计和卟啉π-阳离子自由基的检测

设计了一种简易型全玻璃ESR薄层现场波谱电化学池,以高7mm,直径0.5mm的铂柱工作电极安放在直径1mm的玻璃管中,形成体积为4.7μl的薄层池,2ml溶液就可以工作。在二氯乙烷中,进行了薄层电化学性能表征,并对(TPP)H_2的电极氧化过程进行了研究,发现电生的(TPP)H_2阳离子自由基有动力学后行反应。可能的机理是自由基岐化反应伴随着Cl~-引起的异卟啉的生成反应。     

四苯卟啉及其第一过渡金属配合物推动H^+通过水/硝基苯界面的机理研究

应用具有以正反馈技术补偿溶液电阻降功能的微机联用四电极恒电位测试系统研究了四苯卟啉(H_2TPP)及其第一过渡金属配合物(MTPP)对H~+在水/硝基苯界面转移的影响.结果表明,H_2TPP和MTPP对上述H~+转移过程均表现出一定程度的活性.当水相H~+浓度甚低于NB相的H_2TPP浓度时,后者推动H~+在W/NB界面的转移呈可逆并受扩散步骤控制.各MTPP对推动H~+通过W/NB界面的相对活性表现为NiTPP>MnTPP>CoTPP,CuTPP>ZnTPP,FeClTPP,与金属卟啉配合物的热稳定性一致. 根据实验事实,提出有关H同_2TPP推动H~+迁过W/NB界面的微观动力学机理.     

稀土-四苯基卟啉络合物在丙酮介质中的伏安行为

研究了15种稀土离子与四苯基卟啉(H_2TPP)在丙酮介质中直接形成络合物后的电还原行为和溶解氧对它们的影响。轻重稀土卟啉络合物的伏安行为并不一样,但中心离子均能从三价还原到两价,还原后与溶解氧的还原产物超氧基O_2~-形成稀土卟啉过氧化物,在相当负的电位下,络合加合物不解体。     

稀土乙酰丙酮-α,β,γ,δ-四邻硝基苯基卟啉钬的合成

本文首次合成出镧系乙酰丙酮-α,β,γ,δ-四邻硝基苯基卟啉配合物Ho(o-NO_2)TPPacac(Ⅰ),并简单地讨论了它的性质。 反应中间物三水乙酰丙酮配合物Ho(acac)_3·3H_2O用文献方法[1]合成和纯制。α,β,γ,δ-四邻硝基苯基卟啉(o-NO_2)TPP用改进的Kim,J.B.法[2]     

酸预处理对生物质热裂解规律影响的实验研究

在自制的热裂解机理实验台上进行了不同酸处理对稻壳以及白松的热裂解影响实验研究。经过盐酸浸泡后,稻壳中的金属离子含量明显降低;经盐酸洗涤后的稻壳热裂解焦油产量升高,由原始物料时的41.74%增加到7%盐酸洗涤后的52.88%,而气体和焦炭产量相应降低,并且随着盐酸浓度的增加,对应的趋势更加明显。酸洗涤后稻壳热裂解气体产物主要由CO和CO₂组成,其产量相比原样都有所降低;不同种类的酸对生物质热裂解规律的影响存在差异,盐酸因其去离子效果最好而对生物质热裂解产物分布影响最强;对白松原样以及酸洗后白松的微观结构进行了电镜分析,结果发现,硫酸对白松的微观结构产生了明显的影响。     

Evaporation of water and uptake of HCl and HBr through hexanol films at the surface of supercooled sulfuric acid

Vacuum evaporation and molecular beam scattering experiments have been used to monitor the loss of water and dissolution of HCl and HBr in deuterated sulfuric acid at 213 K containing 0 to 100 mM hexanol. The addition of 1-hexanol to the acid creates a surface film of hexyl species. This film becomes more compact with decreasing acidity, ranging from approximately 62% to approximately 68% of maximum packing on 68 to 56 wt % D(2)SO(4), respectively. D(2)O evaporation from 68 wt % acid remains unaltered by the hexyl film, where it is most porous, but is impeded by approximately 20% from 56 and 60 wt % acid. H --> D exchange experiments further indicate that the hexyl film on 68 wt % acid enhances conversion of HCl and HBr into DCl and DBr, which is interpreted as an increase in HCl and HBr entry into the bulk acid. For this permeable hexyl film, the hydroxyl groups of surface hexanol molecules may assist uptake by providing extra sites for HCl and HBr hydrogen bonding and dissociation. In contrast, HCl --> DCl exchange in 60 wt % D(2)SO(4) at first rises with hexyl surface coverage but then drops back to the bare acid value as the hexyl species pack more tightly. HCl entry is actually diminished by the hexyl film on 56 wt % acid, where the film is most compact. These experiments reveal a transition from a porous hexanol film on 68 wt % sulfuric acid that enhances HCl and HBr uptake to one on 56 wt % acid that slightly impedes HCl and D(2)O transport.     

用玻璃电极测定直到15 m的浓盐酸体系的活度系数

本文在25 ℃下, 对0.01844—15.02 mol kg~(-1)浓度范围内的盐酸体系, 用自制Ag|AgGl电极和氢电极, 测定了Harned电池的电动势。在此基础上, 以玻璃电极代替氢电极, 测量上述盐酸体系的电动势, 计算了HCl的平均活度系数和H_2O的活度。实验结果表明, 玻璃电极在浓盐酸体系的“标准电势”是稳定的, 且遵从Nernst响应, 重现性良好, 响应速度快; 在高浓度和稀溶液中交替测量时, 电势无明显偏差。这说明电极有较好的可复性。求得的HCl的活度系数与文献值偏差小于1.2％。玻璃电极的“标准电势”的标准偏差为0.016％。     

混合溶剂中多组分电解质溶液热力学性质的研究Ⅱ. HCl+NaCl+2-propanol+H2O体系15～45 ℃

本文在恒定异丙醇摩尔分数x=0.05的条件下, 应用电动势法测定无液体接界电池(A)和电池(B)的电动势:Pt, H_2(latm)|HCl(m), 2-propanol(x), H_2O(1-x)|Agcl-Ag (A)和Pt, H_2(latm)|HCl(m_A), NaCl(m_B), 2-propanol(x), H_2O(1-x)|AgCl-Ag (B)根据电池(A)电动势确定混合溶剂中的Ag-AgCl电极的标准电极电势, 讨论了HCl的迁移性质; 利用电池(B)电动势确定HCl在该体系中的活度系数γ_A, 在恒定总离子强度下, HCl的活度系数遵守Harned规则。在溶液组成恒定时, logγ_A是温度倒数1/T的线性函数, 讨论了混合物中HCl的相对偏摩尔焓, 计算了HCl的一级、二级和总介质效应。     

导电高聚物的EXAFS 研究(Ⅰ)铂氯酸(H2PtCl6·6H2O)掺杂的聚乙炔

在实验室EXAFS装置上测量了一种导电高聚物——H_2PtCl_6·6H_2O掺杂聚乙炔和模型化合物(K_2PtCl_6)的PtL_Ⅲ吸收谱。用高功率的施转阳极靶X射线发生器(RigakuRU-1000)作为X射线源。观测到的EXAFS数据分析表明, Pt原子在试样中有两种配位状态。一种是PtCl_6~(2-)离子, Pt—Cl键长为0.233 nm, 另一种是Pt在0.228 nm附近有两个最近邻的Cl原子。实验结果提供了支持下述观点的直接结构信息: 随着电子从(CH)_x链向铂盐的转移, 发生下列反应:2H_2PtCl_6+2e~-→PtCl_6~(2-)+PtCl_2+4HCl     

葡萄糖和水混合溶液多组分电解质热力学II. HCl-NaCl-d-Glucose-H2O体系(5-45 ℃)

The thermodynamic properties of HCl-NaCl-d-Glueose-H_2O system was studied by emf measurement without liquid junction. Pt, H_2(1.013×10~5 Pa)|Hel(m), d-Glucose(x), H_2O(1-x)| Agel-Ag (A) Pt, H_2(1.013×10~5Pa)|HCl(m_A), NaCl(m_B), d-Glucose(x), H_2O(1-x)|AgCl-Ag (B) at the mass percentage of d-Glucose x=5%, 15% and 20% in the mixed solution, from 5 to 45 ℃, for cell (B) at constant total ionic strength I=1.00 mol·kg~(-1). The standard electrode potential of Ag-AgCI in the mixed solution have been determined from cell (A). The activity coefficients of HCl, γ_A, in the mixed solution system have been determined from cell (B). The results show that the activity coefficients of HCl in HCl-NaCl solutions still obeye Harned Rule. The standard transfer Gibbs free energies of HCl have calculated. The primary, secondary and total medium effect of HCl have been calculated.     

尿素-水混合溶剂中硫酸热力学性质的研究

本文应用电动势法测定下面无液接电池在278．15-318．15K温度范围内的电动势。     

盐酸在氨基酸水溶液中热力学性质的研究 I. 甘氨酸+盐酸+水体系

Standard potentials (E°_m) of the Ag-AgCl electrode in Glycine+H_2O mixture at 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 35 ℃, 40 ℃, and 45 ℃ have been determined from the EMF measurements of cells of the type: Pt, H (g, 101.325 kPa)|HCl(m)+Glycine+H_2O|AgCl-AgThese values have been utilized to evaluate the transfer energetics (ΔG°_t, ΔH°_t, ΔS°_t) accompanying the transfer of 1 mol HCl from the standard state in water to the standard state in Glycine+H_2O mixtures. Attempts have been made to explain the transfer energetics varying with different compositions of Glycine+H_2O mixtures in the light of ion-solvent interactions and the structureal effects of the solvents.     

Alternative Copolymerization of a Conjugated Segment and a Flexible Segment and Fabrication of a Fluorescent Sensing Film for HCl in the Vapor Phase

A novel fluorescently active co‐oligomer (P1) was designed and prepared by alternative co‐polymerization of oligo(p‐phenyleneethynylene) (OPE), possessing two cholesterol‐containing side chains, and ethanediamine. A control co‐oligomer (P2) possessing similar structure to P1 was also prepared, but in this case the OPE bears no side chains. P1 and P2 have been used for the fabrication of two fluorescent films, film 1 and film 2, respectively. Fluorescence studies demonstrated that the emission of film 1 is sensitive and selective to the presence of trace amounts of HCl in air. In contrast, film 2 shows no such response. The quenching has been attributed to the protonation of the imino groups within the oligomer chains, and the difference in the sensing behaviors of the two films was rationalized by supposing the existence of molecular channels in film 1. The proposed mechanism is supported by the results from additional experiments and theoretical calculations. Furthermore, the film as fabricated is robust, and thereby it is believed that film 1 has the potential to be developed into a new generation of sensitive and selective HCl sensor.     

混合溶剂中混合电解质活度系数的研究——HCl+NaCl+PrOH+H2O体系, 298.15 K

This paper reports our studies on HCl+NaCl+PrOH+H_2O system by mesns of emf measurements of the cell without liquid junction as type (A) Pt, H_2 (latm) |HCI (m_A), NaCl (m_B), PrOH(x), H_2O(1-x)| AgCl-Ag (A) at constant total ionic strengths I=0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mol kg~(-1), at 298.15 K, where m_A and m_B are the molalities of HCl and NaCl, respectively, x is the molar fraction of PrOH in mixed solvents, x=0.05. The results show that HCI approximately follows Harned's Rule from I=0.1 to 3.0 mole kg~(-1)...