Leibniz's Principle, Physics, and the Language of Physics

This paper is concerned with the problem of the validity of Leibniz's principle of the identity of indiscernibles in physics. After briefly surveying how the question is currently discussed in recent literature and which is the actual meaning of the principle for what concerns physics, we address the question of the physical validity of Leibniz's principle in terms of the existence of a sufficient number of naming predicates in the formal language of physics. This approach allows us to obtain in a formal way the result that a principle of the identity of indiscernibles can be justified in the domain of classical physics, while this is not the case in the domain of quantum physics.     

Physics Needs Philosophy. Philosophy Needs Physics

Contrary to claims about the irrelevance of philosophy for science, I argue that philosophy has had, and still has, far more influence on physics than is commonly assumed. I maintain that the current anti-philosophical ideology has had damaging effects on the fertility of science. I also suggest that recent important empirical results, such as the detection of the Higgs particle and gravitational waves, and the failure to detect supersymmetry where many expected to find it, question the validity of certain philosophical assumptions common among theoretical physicists, inviting us to engage in a clearer philosophical reflection on scientific method.     

Physics of photons. III

Wave equations are proposed for the photon which take the feasibility of a photon rest mass into account. It is shown that massless photons are asymmetrical in spin; massive photons which have mirror symmetry and exhibit the speed of light in a vacuum can be localized in either region. The solution is presented for the problem of the behavior of photons in a central field and the energy of coupled states is found.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 6, pp. 14–18, June, 1990.     

中国科学院物理研究所纳米物理与器件实验室

概况中国科学院物理研究所纳米物理与器件实验室的前身是中国科学院北京真空物理开放实验室,成立于1985年。二十多年来,实验室在科研工作中取得了一系列具有国际先进水平和国际领先水平的成果。目前实验室由四个研究组构成,实